{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2051051489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2011.0983","title":"Use Estimates of In-Feed Antimicrobials in Swine Production in the United States","display_name":"Use Estimates of In-Feed Antimicrobials in Swine Production in the United States","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2051051489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2011.0983","mag":"2051051489","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22324295"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1089/fpd.2011.0983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2011.0983","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2011.0983","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132853619","display_name":"Foodborne Pathogens and Disease","issn_l":"1535-3141","issn":["1535-3141","1556-7125"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320443","host_organization_name":"Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320443","https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Foodborne Pathogens and Disease","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008909573","display_name":"Michael D. Apley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1108-1953","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1108-1953"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189590672","display_name":"Kansas State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05p1j8758","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189590672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael D. Apley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189590672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111603907","display_name":"Eric J. Bush","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288380561","display_name":"Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service","ror":"https://ror.org/0599wfz09","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288380561","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112603","display_name":"Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health","ror":"https://ror.org/023cara48","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112603"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric J. Bush","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Fort Collins, Colorado"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Fort Collins, Colorado","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288380561","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I4210112603"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110440358","display_name":"Robert B. Morrison","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert B. Morrison","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, Minnesota"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, Minnesota","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083379107","display_name":"Randall S. Singer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5461-9330","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5461-9330"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randall S. Singer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024731409","display_name":"Harry Snelson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405266600","display_name":"American Association of Swine Veterinarians","ror":"https://ror.org/044y7vy85","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405266600"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harry Snelson","raw_affiliation_strings":["American Association of Swine Veterinarians, Perry, Iowa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"American Association of Swine Veterinarians, Perry, Iowa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405266600"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008909573"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189590672"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.8904,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":90,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98790323,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"3","first_page":"272","last_page":"279"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10897","display_name":"Antibiotic Use and Resistance","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2402","display_name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10897","display_name":"Antibiotic Use and Resistance","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2402","display_name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13791","display_name":"Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases","score":0.013100000098347664,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10147","display_name":"Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1313","display_name":"Molecular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-use","display_name":"antimicrobial use","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pig-farming","display_name":"pig farming","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-additives","display_name":"feed additives","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-resistance","display_name":"antimicrobial resistance","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlortetracycline","display_name":"chlortetracycline","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxytetracycline","display_name":"oxytetracycline","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tilmicosin","display_name":"tilmicosin","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tylosin","display_name":"tylosin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursery-piglets","display_name":"nursery pigs","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fattening-pigs","display_name":"fattening pigs","score":0.8619999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780514615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411462","display_name":"Tylosin","level":3,"score":0.8898285627365112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776671240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411646","display_name":"Oxytetracycline","level":3,"score":0.8714589476585388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776351103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417948","display_name":"Chlortetracycline","level":3,"score":0.7446334958076477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4937899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68541106","display_name":"Antimicrobial","level":2,"score":0.6556316614151001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112964050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103459","display_name":"Livestock","level":2,"score":0.5879671573638916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5094481110572815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.47272032499313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4478253126144409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776231263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722387","display_name":"Tilmicosin","level":3,"score":0.4469911456108093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.442180335521698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94665300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63391344","display_name":"Antibiotic resistance","level":3,"score":0.4196430742740631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.3969419598579407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.3710028827190399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.29536986351013184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.24825343489646912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.2017117142677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.12421208620071411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000821","descriptor_name":"Animal Feed","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000822","descriptor_name":"Animal Husbandry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000890","descriptor_name":"Anti-Infective Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000890","descriptor_name":"Anti-Infective Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002751","descriptor_name":"Chlortetracycline","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002751","descriptor_name":"Chlortetracycline","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005517","descriptor_name":"Foodborne Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010118","descriptor_name":"Oxytetracycline","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010118","descriptor_name":"Oxytetracycline","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010818","descriptor_name":"Practice Patterns, Physicians'","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013553","descriptor_name":"Swine Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013553","descriptor_name":"Swine Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015645","descriptor_name":"Tylosin","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015645","descriptor_name":"Tylosin","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015645","descriptor_name":"Tylosin","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018634","descriptor_name":"Veterinarians","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019155","descriptor_name":"Veterinary Drugs","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019155","descriptor_name":"Veterinary Drugs","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D034421","descriptor_name":"Sus scrofa","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1089/fpd.2011.0983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2011.0983","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2011.0983","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132853619","display_name":"Foodborne Pathogens and Disease","issn_l":"1535-3141","issn":["1535-3141","1556-7125"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320443","host_organization_name":"Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320443","https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Foodborne Pathogens and Disease","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22324295","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22324295","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6875},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5683000087738037}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2122638928","https://openalex.org/W2157954942","https://openalex.org/W3103570804","https://openalex.org/W2317292717","https://openalex.org/W7105877996","https://openalex.org/W2408950716","https://openalex.org/W2803123354","https://openalex.org/W72532760","https://openalex.org/W1965173208","https://openalex.org/W2397036569"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"considering":[1],"the":[2,62,76,82,91,125,128,165,170,176,187,193,212],"development":[3],"of":[4,14,18,27,38,48,55,64,72,106,111,113,124,132,140,143,179,233,260,267],"antimicrobial":[5,73,126],"resistance":[6],"in":[7,24,52,78,81,115,127,269],"food":[8],"animals,":[9],"comparing":[10],"gross":[11],"use":[12,74,152,195,215,266],"estimates":[13,224,241],"different":[15,49,53],"antimicrobials":[16,50,144],"is":[17],"little":[19],"value":[20],"due":[21],"to":[22,45,68,164,246,252,256,264],"differences":[23],"potencies,":[25],"duration":[26,131],"activity,":[28],"relative":[29],"effect":[30],"on":[31,88,158],"target":[32],"and":[33,36,57,101,130,149,161,184,200,221,227,236,255],"commensal":[34],"bacteria,":[35],"mechanisms":[37],"resistance.":[39],"However,":[40],"it":[41],"may":[42],"be":[43],"valuable":[44],"understand":[46],"quantities":[47],"used":[51],"ages":[54],"swine":[56,79,167],"for":[58,137,151,207],"what":[59],"applications.":[60],"Therefore,":[61],"objective":[63],"this":[65],"project":[66],"was":[67],"construct":[69],"an":[70,203,258],"estimate":[71,178,206],"through":[75],"feed":[77,119],"production":[80,117,146,253,270],"United":[83],"States.":[84],"Estimates":[85],"were":[86,135,155,225,244],"based":[87],"data":[89,250],"from":[90,102],"National":[92],"Animal":[93],"Health":[94],"Monitoring":[95],"System":[96],"(NAHMS)":[97],"Swine":[98],"2006":[99],"Study":[100],"a":[103,116,138,261],"2009":[104],"survey":[105],"swine-exclusive":[107],"practitioners.":[108],"Inputs":[109],"consisted":[110],"number":[112],"pigs":[114],"phase,":[118,189],"intake":[120],"per":[121],"day,":[122],"dose":[123],"feed,":[129],"administration.":[133],"Calculations":[134,154],"performed":[136],"total":[139],"102":[141],"combinations":[142],"(n=17),":[145],"phases":[147],"(n=2),":[148],"reasons":[150],"(n=3).":[153],"first":[156],"conducted":[157],"farm-level":[159],"data,":[160],"then":[162],"extrapolated":[163],"U.S.":[166],"population.":[168],"Among":[169],"nursery":[171],"phase":[172],"estimates,":[173],"chlortetracycline":[174,190,210],"had":[175,192,211],"largest":[177,194],"use,":[180],"followed":[181,197],"by":[182,198],"oxytetracycline":[183,228],"tilmicosin.":[185],"In":[186],"grower/finisher":[188],"also":[191],"estimate,":[196],"tylosin":[199,226],"oxytetracycline.":[201],"As":[202],"annual":[204,231],"industry":[205],"all":[208],"phases,":[209],"highest":[213,223],"estimated":[214,230],"at":[216],"533,973":[217],"kg.":[218],"The":[219,240],"second":[220],"third":[222],"with":[229],"uses":[232],"165,803":[234],"kg":[235],"154,956":[237],"kg,":[238],"respectively.":[239],"presented":[242],"here":[243],"constructed":[245],"accurately":[247],"reflect":[248],"available":[249],"related":[251],"practices,":[254],"provide":[257],"example":[259],"scientific":[262],"approach":[263],"estimating":[265],"compounds":[268],"animals.":[271]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}