{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2049523667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810120087013","title":"Schizophrenia as an Anomaly of Development of Cerebral Asymmetry","display_name":"Schizophrenia as an Anomaly of Development of Cerebral Asymmetry","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2049523667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810120087013","mag":"2049523667","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2589928"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810120087013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810120087013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810120087013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126359496","display_name":"Archives of General Psychiatry","issn_l":"0003-990X","issn":["0003-990X","1538-3636"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archives of General Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108290848","display_name":"Timothy John Crow","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802052328","display_name":"Northwick Park Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/030j6qm79","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800484787","https://openalex.org/I2802052328"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Timothy J. Crow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Centre, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Centre, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802052328"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108290848"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802052328"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":21.16,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":589,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99691399,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"12","first_page":"1145","last_page":"1145"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12621","display_name":"Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience","score":0.5102999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12621","display_name":"Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience","score":0.5102999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.4790000021457672,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12308","display_name":"Mental Health and Psychiatry","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schizophrenia","display_name":"schizophrenia","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-asymmetry","display_name":"brain asymmetry","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ventricular-dilation","display_name":"ventriculomegaly","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lateral-ventricle","display_name":"lateral ventricle","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/left-hemisphere","display_name":"left hemisphere","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dementia-of-the-alzheimer-type","display_name":"Alzheimer-type dementia","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glial-cell-density","display_name":"glial cell density","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diazepam-binding-inhibitor","display_name":"diazepam binding inhibitor","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-development","display_name":"brain development","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemispheric-asymmetry","display_name":"hemispheric lateralization","score":0.8259999752044678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.6797226667404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778921608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002035","display_name":"Ventricle","level":2,"score":0.626893162727356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195650424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4955813","display_name":"Brain asymmetry","level":3,"score":0.5620642900466919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.4741377532482147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779483572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Dementia","level":3,"score":0.45368990302085876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779486818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551808","display_name":"Cerebral hemisphere","level":2,"score":0.4472605884075165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70097482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7234398","display_name":"Postmortem studies","level":2,"score":0.4440302848815918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4425353407859802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79840881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1080497","display_name":"Lateralization of brain function","level":2,"score":0.41391342878341675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4018406867980957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.3758094012737274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.36940884590148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.2638830840587616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002552","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Ventricles","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002552","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Ventricles","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005911","descriptor_name":"Gliosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007839","descriptor_name":"Functional Laterality","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012559","descriptor_name":"Schizophrenia","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012559","descriptor_name":"Schizophrenia","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014695","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Ventriculography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810120087013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810120087013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810120087013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126359496","display_name":"Archives of General Psychiatry","issn_l":"0003-990X","issn":["0003-990X","1538-3636"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archives of General Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2589928","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2589928","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archives of general psychiatry","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1516651","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1516651/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY , 46 (12) pp. 1145-1150. (1989)","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9074000120162964}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32431044","https://openalex.org/W52611978","https://openalex.org/W595961698","https://openalex.org/W1540835953","https://openalex.org/W1595915225","https://openalex.org/W1815774827","https://openalex.org/W1841029273","https://openalex.org/W1966054938","https://openalex.org/W1967504521","https://openalex.org/W1986024684","https://openalex.org/W1988727743","https://openalex.org/W1995325316","https://openalex.org/W1995467204","https://openalex.org/W1998645917","https://openalex.org/W1998948150","https://openalex.org/W2003660243","https://openalex.org/W2007500561","https://openalex.org/W2029084216","https://openalex.org/W2033946472","https://openalex.org/W2061487210","https://openalex.org/W2062198645","https://openalex.org/W2064538766","https://openalex.org/W2065738802","https://openalex.org/W2065931730","https://openalex.org/W2066147409","https://openalex.org/W2067646093","https://openalex.org/W2070829129","https://openalex.org/W2071568654","https://openalex.org/W2074898311","https://openalex.org/W2083645773","https://openalex.org/W2089021168","https://openalex.org/W2092123366","https://openalex.org/W2092307234","https://openalex.org/W2092635175","https://openalex.org/W2116726525","https://openalex.org/W2125851417","https://openalex.org/W2126208777","https://openalex.org/W2149245314","https://openalex.org/W2150287316","https://openalex.org/W2157966287","https://openalex.org/W2164103424","https://openalex.org/W2166912411","https://openalex.org/W2398267128","https://openalex.org/W2399236518","https://openalex.org/W2405067716","https://openalex.org/W2408859461","https://openalex.org/W2409250952","https://openalex.org/W2564944340"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2015620561","https://openalex.org/W4232562274","https://openalex.org/W2033946472","https://openalex.org/W2410063729","https://openalex.org/W2016961826","https://openalex.org/W2489048194","https://openalex.org/W2066716874","https://openalex.org/W2110608624","https://openalex.org/W1868554088","https://openalex.org/W2155244573"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Schizophrenia":[0],"is":[1,27,66,73,120],"associated":[2],"with":[3,25,54,57,107,115],"structural":[4],"changes":[5],"(eg,":[6],"a":[7,31,121],"mild":[8],"degree":[9],"of":[10,21,47,97,105,123,131],"ventricular":[11,37],"enlargement)":[12],"in":[13,89],"the":[14,40,44,48,71,78,108,116,124,129],"brain,":[15],"although":[16],"whether":[17],"these":[18],"precede":[19],"onset":[20],"illness":[22],"or":[23],"progress":[24],"episodes":[26],"not":[28,84],"established.":[29],"In":[30],"postmortem":[32],"study,":[33],"we":[34],"find":[35],"that":[36,118,127],"enlargement":[38],"affects":[39],"posterior":[41],"and":[42,56,101],"particularly":[43],"temporal":[45,68],"horn":[46,69],"lateral":[49],"cerebral":[50,132],"ventricle.":[51],"By":[52],"comparison":[53],"controls":[55],"patients":[58],"suffering":[59],"from":[60],"Alzheimer-type":[61],"dementia":[62],"(in":[63],"which":[64],"there":[65],"also":[67],"enlargement),":[70],"change":[72],"highly":[74],"significantly":[75],"selective":[76],"to":[77],"left":[79],"hemisphere.":[80],"This":[81],"deviation":[82],"was":[83],"accompanied":[85],"by":[86,95,103],"an":[87],"increase":[88],"glial":[90],"cell":[91],"number":[92],"(examined":[93],"chemically":[94],"assay":[96],"diazepam-binding":[98],"inhibitor":[99],"immunoreactivity":[100],"microscopically":[102],"density":[104],"staining":[106],"Holzer":[109],"technique).":[110],"The":[111],"findings":[112],"are":[113],"consistent":[114],"view":[117],"schizophrenia":[119],"disorder":[122],"genetic":[125],"mechanisms":[126],"control":[128],"development":[130],"asymmetry.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
