{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2049079727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0011-9164(99)00151-4","title":"Process control in water desalination industry: an overview","display_name":"Process control in water desalination industry: an overview","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2049079727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0011-9164(99)00151-4","mag":"2049079727"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0011-9164(99)00151-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0011-9164(99)00151-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0011-9164(99)00151-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86512602","display_name":"Desalination","issn_l":"0011-9164","issn":["0011-9164","1873-4464"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Desalination","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009956538","display_name":"Imad M. Alatiqi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36721946","display_name":"Kuwait University","ror":"https://ror.org/021e5j056","country_code":"KW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36721946"]}],"countries":["KW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Imad Alatiqi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, PO Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, PO Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36721946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067937486","display_name":"HISHAM M. ETTOUNEY","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36721946","display_name":"Kuwait University","ror":"https://ror.org/021e5j056","country_code":"KW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36721946"]}],"countries":["KW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hisham Ettouney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, PO Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, PO Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36721946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001187360","display_name":"Hisham El-Dessouky","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36721946","display_name":"Kuwait University","ror":"https://ror.org/021e5j056","country_code":"KW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36721946"]}],"countries":["KW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hisham El-Dessouky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, PO Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, PO Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36721946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009956538"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36721946"],"apc_list":{"value":4580,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4580},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0188,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":109,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89690722,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"126","issue":"1-3","first_page":"15","last_page":"32"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.5727999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.5727999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10197","display_name":"Membrane Separation Technologies","score":0.37720000743865967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.007600000128149986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-stage-flash-distillation","display_name":"multi-stage flash distillation","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-osmosis","display_name":"reverse osmosis","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pid-control","display_name":"PID control","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pi-controller","display_name":"PI controller","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic-control","display_name":"fuzzy logic control","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-predictive-control","display_name":"model predictive control","score":0.9929999709129333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.6596364378929138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776870568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190873","display_name":"Desalination","level":3,"score":0.642704963684082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47116090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716829","display_name":"PID controller","level":3,"score":0.6279128789901733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.5917552709579468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5238373875617981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.517305850982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155386361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1649571","display_name":"Process control","level":3,"score":0.5158440470695496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4996376037597656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4927208721637726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172205157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1782962","display_name":"Model predictive control","level":3,"score":0.46438726782798767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.41389399766921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3232966661453247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.30009859800338745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536315585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698332","display_name":"Temperature control","level":2,"score":0.2833927273750305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0011-9164(99)00151-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0011-9164(99)00151-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0011-9164(99)00151-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86512602","display_name":"Desalination","issn_l":"0011-9164","issn":["0011-9164","1873-4464"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Desalination","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6618000268936157,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971540001","https://openalex.org/W1975141900","https://openalex.org/W1984452304","https://openalex.org/W1986549078","https://openalex.org/W1990165745","https://openalex.org/W1991295763","https://openalex.org/W1992340448","https://openalex.org/W2005188340","https://openalex.org/W2008655244","https://openalex.org/W2020464586","https://openalex.org/W2022831497","https://openalex.org/W2023009986","https://openalex.org/W2023358019","https://openalex.org/W2024894996","https://openalex.org/W2027885431","https://openalex.org/W2041533897","https://openalex.org/W2041831465","https://openalex.org/W2042711877","https://openalex.org/W2045204140","https://openalex.org/W2047931900","https://openalex.org/W2056240382","https://openalex.org/W2064222756","https://openalex.org/W2070267718","https://openalex.org/W2079557309","https://openalex.org/W2089492201","https://openalex.org/W2090288360","https://openalex.org/W2106955288","https://openalex.org/W2143463455","https://openalex.org/W2689650825"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2024894996","https://openalex.org/W2104570444","https://openalex.org/W2041831465","https://openalex.org/W2010513410","https://openalex.org/W2473099993","https://openalex.org/W1968819961","https://openalex.org/W2022132654","https://openalex.org/W7125895035","https://openalex.org/W2620906943","https://openalex.org/W1972635255"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
