{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2048816410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2011.11.020","title":"Remote identification of faces: Problems, prospects, and progress","display_name":"Remote identification of faces: Problems, prospects, and progress","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-12-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2048816410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2011.11.020","mag":"2048816410"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.patrec.2011.11.020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2011.11.020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2011.11.020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151820558","display_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","issn_l":"0167-8655","issn":["0167-8655","1872-7344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102762707","display_name":"Rama Chellappa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7638-1650","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7638-1650"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rama Chellappa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States","Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013615286","display_name":"Jie Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5306-4759","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5306-4759","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9467-2964"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jie Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States","Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004716468","display_name":"Vishal M. Patel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5239-692X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5239-692X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vishal M. Patel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States","Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013615286"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.494,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96523446,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"14","first_page":"1849","last_page":"1859"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.8589000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.8589000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.13600000739097595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-re-identification","display_name":"face re-identification","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unconstrained-face-recognition","display_name":"unconstrained face recognition","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-robustness","display_name":"feature robustness","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-resolution-face-images","display_name":"low-resolution face images","score":0.4959999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.7992160320281982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7826945781707764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7046706676483154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6306138038635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6301305294036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88799230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398329","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","level":5,"score":0.5728027820587158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5642382502555847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.538108229637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.48538506031036377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4639880657196045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46313953399658203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3659520149230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.3293219804763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09567499160766602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08062678575515747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.05504143238067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.patrec.2011.11.020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2011.11.020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2011.11.020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151820558","display_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","issn_l":"0167-8655","issn":["0167-8655","1872-7344"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3414030397","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N0014-08-1-0638","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","funder_display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6813846312","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-08-1-0638","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","funder_display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514503772","https://openalex.org/W1646021195","https://openalex.org/W1782590233","https://openalex.org/W1784100992","https://openalex.org/W1881452810","https://openalex.org/W1979074318","https://openalex.org/W1981341515","https://openalex.org/W1989702938","https://openalex.org/W1997011019","https://openalex.org/W2003709967","https://openalex.org/W2006793117","https://openalex.org/W2012829628","https://openalex.org/W2018746048","https://openalex.org/W2021012145","https://openalex.org/W2046649434","https://openalex.org/W2062104878","https://openalex.org/W2063718733","https://openalex.org/W2069498936","https://openalex.org/W2078118580","https://openalex.org/W2079844951","https://openalex.org/W2082714615","https://openalex.org/W2097017378","https://openalex.org/W2097437748","https://openalex.org/W2099378668","https://openalex.org/W2103056131","https://openalex.org/W2103751387","https://openalex.org/W2108729907","https://openalex.org/W2109002610","https://openalex.org/W2114380981","https://openalex.org/W2120954940","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2123921160","https://openalex.org/W2125874614","https://openalex.org/W2126653386","https://openalex.org/W2129306288","https://openalex.org/W2129480988","https://openalex.org/W2129812935","https://openalex.org/W2130274900","https://openalex.org/W2131273085","https://openalex.org/W2131849132","https://openalex.org/W2137695006","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2138808949","https://openalex.org/W2139927044","https://openalex.org/W2145962650","https://openalex.org/W2146474141","https://openalex.org/W2146772029","https://openalex.org/W2147945459","https://openalex.org/W2150675091","https://openalex.org/W2154211011","https://openalex.org/W2156772312","https://openalex.org/W2157038204","https://openalex.org/W2157500953","https://openalex.org/W2157577964","https://openalex.org/W2160126058","https://openalex.org/W2163895617","https://openalex.org/W2165052637","https://openalex.org/W2165916500","https://openalex.org/W2167260591","https://openalex.org/W2168510631","https://openalex.org/W2170464076","https://openalex.org/W2171193910","https://openalex.org/W2180187800","https://openalex.org/W2536350903","https://openalex.org/W6684585819"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W179463138","https://openalex.org/W2064104181","https://openalex.org/W4234425451","https://openalex.org/W2376802510","https://openalex.org/W2291034370","https://openalex.org/W4404891115","https://openalex.org/W2146295394","https://openalex.org/W2297862116","https://openalex.org/W4323521096","https://openalex.org/W3083847324"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}