{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2048729892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638808402800","title":"An introduction to structural equation models","display_name":"An introduction to structural equation models","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2048729892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638808402800","mag":"2048729892","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3066797"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/01688638808402800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638808402800","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638808402800","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35508115","display_name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology","issn_l":"0165-0475","issn":["0165-0475","0168-8634","1380-3395","1744-411X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059244192","display_name":"David J. Francis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-3274","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-3274"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David J. Francis","raw_affiliation_strings":["a  University of Houston , Houston, TX","Department of Psychology, University of Houston, TX 77204-5341"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a  University of Houston , Houston, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Houston, TX 77204-5341","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059244192"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.15,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":99,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96153846,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"5","first_page":"623","last_page":"639"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13283","display_name":"Mental Health Research Topics","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10243","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-equation-modeling","display_name":"structural equation modeling","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuropsychology","display_name":"neuropsychology","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-fit-assessment","display_name":"model fit assessment","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/significance-tests","display_name":"significance tests","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-classes","display_name":"model classes","score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-diagrams","display_name":"path diagrams","score":0.6320000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.9042199850082397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.6491426229476929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547195049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1725664","display_name":"Terminology","level":2,"score":0.6241087317466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.48938339948654175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.48206502199172974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46409812569618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14216870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3872","display_name":"Neuropsychology","level":3,"score":0.46030381321907043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3811570405960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.15463101863861084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.15295317769050598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08335855603218079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.07393810153007507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07043227553367615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001925","descriptor_name":"Brain Damage, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001925","descriptor_name":"Brain Damage, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001925","descriptor_name":"Brain Damage, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001925","descriptor_name":"Brain Damage, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001925","descriptor_name":"Brain Damage, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001925","descriptor_name":"Brain Damage, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009483","descriptor_name":"Neuropsychological Tests","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009483","descriptor_name":"Neuropsychological Tests","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009483","descriptor_name":"Neuropsychological Tests","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/01688638808402800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638808402800","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638808402800","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35508115","display_name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology","issn_l":"0165-0475","issn":["0165-0475","0168-8634","1380-3395","1744-411X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:3066797","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3066797","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4000000059604645}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1174687042","https://openalex.org/W1660594717","https://openalex.org/W1974134238","https://openalex.org/W1985419904","https://openalex.org/W1992575891","https://openalex.org/W1997093112","https://openalex.org/W2000031724","https://openalex.org/W2004168348","https://openalex.org/W2014562562","https://openalex.org/W2033701727","https://openalex.org/W2037302440","https://openalex.org/W2038514204","https://openalex.org/W2042539525","https://openalex.org/W2049053063","https://openalex.org/W2053321261","https://openalex.org/W2069202885","https://openalex.org/W2098705272","https://openalex.org/W2111742571","https://openalex.org/W2149608872","https://openalex.org/W2168659786","https://openalex.org/W2318764207","https://openalex.org/W2323412691","https://openalex.org/W2324188776","https://openalex.org/W2325996734","https://openalex.org/W2327850608","https://openalex.org/W2334421996","https://openalex.org/W2341882405","https://openalex.org/W2498491482","https://openalex.org/W3008888060","https://openalex.org/W3022438483","https://openalex.org/W4243212781","https://openalex.org/W4246382741","https://openalex.org/W4249996076","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4381435383"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4323782795","https://openalex.org/W138346455","https://openalex.org/W7100362131","https://openalex.org/W2024650319","https://openalex.org/W2784122072","https://openalex.org/W2122912498","https://openalex.org/W560949506","https://openalex.org/W2163988453","https://openalex.org/W4323666298","https://openalex.org/W1996587868"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,102],"provides":[2],"an":[3,23,32,44,60,84],"overview":[4,24,61],"of":[5,25,29,46,62,73,76,86,91,112,126],"structural":[6,52,80,92],"equation":[7,53,93],"models,":[8,30,81,94],"and":[9,16,31,37,70,82,89,95,121],"their":[10,96,118],"potential":[11,97],"for":[12],"advancing":[13],"neuropsychological":[14],"theory":[15],"practice.":[17],"Four":[18],"topics":[19],"are":[20],"covered:":[21],"(1)":[22,108],"the":[26,35,47,63,74,87,110,124],"various":[27],"classes":[28],"introduction":[33],"to":[34,40,55,99,105,117],"terminology":[36],"diagrams":[38],"used":[39,65],"describe":[41],"them,":[42],"(2)":[43,122],"outline":[45,85],"steps":[48],"involved":[49],"in":[50,66,79],"applying":[51],"modeling":[54],"any":[56],"research":[57],"problem,":[58],"(3)":[59],"information":[64],"assessing":[67],"model":[68],"fit,":[69],"a":[71],"discussion":[72],"role":[75],"significance":[77],"tests":[78],"(4)":[83],"advantages":[88],"disadvantages":[90],"contribution":[98],"neuropsychology.":[100],"The":[101],"is":[103],"intended":[104],"help":[106],"researchers":[107],"assess":[109],"relevance":[111],"these":[113],"advanced":[114],"statistical":[115],"techniques":[116],"own":[119],"research,":[120],"begin":[123],"process":[125],"successful":[127],"application.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}