{"id":"https://openalex.org/W204807347","doi":null,"title":"Searching for endophenotypes: negative symptoms and schizophrenia","display_name":"Searching for endophenotypes: negative symptoms and schizophrenia","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W204807347","mag":"204807347"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:21309","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/21309/1/MaierEB_2014.pdf","pdf_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/21309/1/MaierEB_2014.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/21309/1/MaierEB_2014.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111078971","display_name":"Emily Maier","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Emily Maier","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111078971"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endophenotypes","display_name":"endophenotypes","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negative-symptoms","display_name":"negative symptoms","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schizophrenia","display_name":"schizophrenia","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-correlation","display_name":"genetic correlation","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heritability","display_name":"heritability","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplex-families","display_name":"multiplex families","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-for-the-assessment-of-negative-symptoms","display_name":"Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/major-depressive-disorder","display_name":"major depressive disorder","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substance-abuse","display_name":"substance abuse","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-risk-variants","display_name":"genetic risk variants","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-specificity","display_name":"diagnostic specificity","score":0.7300000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187869287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2032061","display_name":"Endophenotype","level":3,"score":0.9789457321166992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.803554356098175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.57021164894104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.5379043817520142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161890455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503548","display_name":"Heritability","level":2,"score":0.5180259346961975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780325297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q834047","display_name":"Schizoaffective disorder","level":3,"score":0.4945347011089325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.4765211343765259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779727114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170082","display_name":"Psychosis","level":2,"score":0.4743591547012329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780051608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42844","display_name":"Major depressive disorder","level":3,"score":0.4449036717414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40010229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3184856","display_name":"Substance abuse","level":2,"score":0.4354639947414398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.323713481426239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.12466341257095337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.08974385261535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0662107765674591}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:21309","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/21309/1/MaierEB_2014.pdf","pdf_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/21309/1/MaierEB_2014.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"mag:204807347","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/21309/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:21309","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/21309/1/MaierEB_2014.pdf","pdf_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/21309/1/MaierEB_2014.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W204807347.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W204807347.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W21879210","https://openalex.org/W166500168","https://openalex.org/W173144656","https://openalex.org/W1704685837","https://openalex.org/W1963673462","https://openalex.org/W1966111889","https://openalex.org/W1969397418","https://openalex.org/W1972343114","https://openalex.org/W1980676990","https://openalex.org/W1982512107","https://openalex.org/W1983744286","https://openalex.org/W1994052542","https://openalex.org/W1997031801","https://openalex.org/W2018380105","https://openalex.org/W2020844317","https://openalex.org/W2025156429","https://openalex.org/W2029383380","https://openalex.org/W2038072838","https://openalex.org/W2062443526","https://openalex.org/W2072486526","https://openalex.org/W2084072089","https://openalex.org/W2089636766","https://openalex.org/W2091696580","https://openalex.org/W2093415871","https://openalex.org/W2094407491","https://openalex.org/W2096449671","https://openalex.org/W2098395209","https://openalex.org/W2108250183","https://openalex.org/W2115079979","https://openalex.org/W2115335486","https://openalex.org/W2115807273","https://openalex.org/W2120457333","https://openalex.org/W2138056750","https://openalex.org/W2140606211","https://openalex.org/W2146738944","https://openalex.org/W2148477876","https://openalex.org/W2150487690","https://openalex.org/W2151883805","https://openalex.org/W2157959378","https://openalex.org/W2161026345"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068109036","https://openalex.org/W2138056750","https://openalex.org/W1485927270","https://openalex.org/W2070369951","https://openalex.org/W2783288077","https://openalex.org/W7099619667","https://openalex.org/W1978970994","https://openalex.org/W2100910260","https://openalex.org/W7216696151","https://openalex.org/W2344789745"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Schizophrenia":[0],"is":[1],"a":[2,9,21,77,197],"disorder":[3,112],"affecting":[4],"millions":[5],"of":[6,18,25,42,95,136,144,165,173,193],"individuals,":[7],"with":[8,122,170,200],"prevalence":[10,164],"rate":[11],"over":[12],"one":[13],"percent.":[14],"Although":[15],"the":[16,39,55,68,83,86,90,93,163,171,190],"diagnosis":[17,56],"schizophrenia":[19,100,104,133,177],"has":[20,29],"high":[22],"heritability,":[23],"identification":[24],"individual":[26,36],"risk":[27,210],"variants":[28,64,211],"been":[30],"difficult,":[31],"due":[32],"to":[33,51,67,176,207,213],"their":[34,137],"small":[35],"effects":[37,53],"on":[38],"diagnosis.":[40],"Identification":[41],"useful":[43],"endophenotypes":[44],"-":[45,58],"that":[46,65,156],"is,":[47],"features":[48],"more":[49],"sensitive":[50],"genetic":[52,63,87,120,174,209],"than":[54],"itself":[57],"should":[59],"aid":[60],"in":[61,204],"detecting":[62],"contribute":[66],"disorder.":[69],"The":[70,125,142],"current":[71],"study":[72,84],"examined":[73,85],"negative":[74,123,166,194],"symptoms":[75,167,195],"as":[76,196],"possible":[78],"endophenotype":[79,199],"for":[80,92,119],"schizophrenia.":[81,214],"Specifically,":[82],"correlations":[88,121],"between":[89],"Scale":[91],"Assessment":[94],"Negative":[96],"Symptoms":[97],"(SANS)":[98],"and":[99,113,139],"among":[101,158],"multigenerational,":[102],"multiplex":[103],"families.":[105],"To":[106],"examine":[107],"diagnostic":[108,202],"specificity,":[109],"major":[110],"depressive":[111],"substance":[114,186],"abuse":[115],"were":[116,147],"also":[117],"tested":[118],"symptoms.":[124],"total":[126],"sample":[127],"(493)":[128],"included":[129],"43":[130],"families,":[131],"90":[132],"patients,":[134],"359":[135],"relatives,":[138],"44":[140],"controls.":[141],"majority":[143],"SANS":[145],"scales":[146],"significantly":[148,169],"heritable":[149],"(average":[150,178],"h2":[151],"=":[152,180],"0.48).":[153],"Results":[154],"suggested":[155],"even":[157],"relatives":[159],"without":[160],"any":[161],"diagnoses,":[162],"increased":[168],"degree":[172],"relationship":[175],"RG":[179],"0.76)":[181],"but":[182],"not":[183],"depression":[184],"or":[185],"abuse.":[187],"This":[188],"suggests":[189],"potential":[191],"utility":[192],"candidate":[198],"some":[201],"specificity":[203],"studies":[205],"seeking":[206],"identify":[208],"contributing":[212]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
