{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2048015409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1972.17-177","title":"FIXED\u2010INTERVAL BEHAVIOR: EFFECTS OF PERCENTAGE REINFORCEMENT1","display_name":"FIXED\u2010INTERVAL BEHAVIOR: EFFECTS OF PERCENTAGE REINFORCEMENT1","publication_year":1972,"publication_date":"1972-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2048015409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1972.17-177","mag":"2048015409","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16811580","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1333957"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1901/jeab.1972.17-177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1972.17-177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1972.17-177","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.1972.17-177","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168850678","display_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","issn_l":"0022-5002","issn":["0022-5002","1938-3711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.1972.17-177","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067241801","display_name":"Michael D. Zeiler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7087-6134","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7087-6134"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael D. Zeiler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067241801"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.3559,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96802935,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"2","first_page":"177","last_page":"189"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.023399999365210533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.009700000286102295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fixed-interval-schedules","display_name":"fixed-interval schedules","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-presentation","display_name":"food presentation","score":0.4690000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-rate","display_name":"response rate","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverted-u-shaped-relationship","display_name":"inverted U-shaped relationship","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pauses","display_name":"pauses","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pigeons","display_name":"pigeons","score":0.6200000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.8356022834777832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778067643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166507","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4763094186782837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42965930700302124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.323527455329895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.17163723707199097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16277122497558594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.12969544529914856}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1901/jeab.1972.17-177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1972.17-177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1972.17-177","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.1972.17-177","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168850678","display_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","issn_l":"0022-5002","issn":["0022-5002","1938-3711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1333957","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1333957","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Exp Anal Behav","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:16811580","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16811580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1901/jeab.1972.17-177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1972.17-177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1972.17-177","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.1972.17-177","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168850678","display_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","issn_l":"0022-5002","issn":["0022-5002","1938-3711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2048015409.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2048015409.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987930190","https://openalex.org/W1998981196","https://openalex.org/W2001091504","https://openalex.org/W2001858122","https://openalex.org/W2005357756","https://openalex.org/W2025384932","https://openalex.org/W2039791017","https://openalex.org/W2046425041","https://openalex.org/W2063225765","https://openalex.org/W2076418484","https://openalex.org/W2090703379","https://openalex.org/W2091144676","https://openalex.org/W2091366874","https://openalex.org/W2102190899","https://openalex.org/W2118721889","https://openalex.org/W2125952663","https://openalex.org/W2136899838","https://openalex.org/W2170908125","https://openalex.org/W2171036023","https://openalex.org/W2171351758","https://openalex.org/W2474255303","https://openalex.org/W2487889850","https://openalex.org/W2745567138","https://openalex.org/W4207080468","https://openalex.org/W4236013535"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063225765","https://openalex.org/W2166750557","https://openalex.org/W1993964282","https://openalex.org/W2091526335","https://openalex.org/W2123604873","https://openalex.org/W2002054259","https://openalex.org/W2315085042","https://openalex.org/W2041102400","https://openalex.org/W2000225428","https://openalex.org/W2062444367"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,70,144],"percentage":[1,45,51,104,110,137,151],"of":[2,43,46,72,81,105,118],"fixed":[3],"intervals":[4],"terminating":[5],"with":[6,17,25,150],"food":[7,18,26,47,93,106,128],"presentation":[8,27],"was":[9,90,99],"varied":[10],"parametrically.":[11],"Intervals":[12],"that":[13,154],"did":[14],"not":[15],"end":[16],"were":[19,38,120,126],"terminated":[20],"by":[21,132],"a":[22],"stimulus":[23],"uncorrelated":[24],"(a":[28],"timeout":[29],"stimulus).":[30],"In":[31,85],"Experiment":[32,86],"I,":[33],"the":[34,44,50,68,75,82,88,103,109,112,155],"pigeons'":[35],"response":[36,63,113],"rates":[37],"an":[39,60],"inverted":[40],"U-shaped":[41],"function":[42],"presentations:":[48,107],"decreasing":[49,108],"from":[52,79,140],"100%":[53,76],"to":[54,102,142,146],"90%,":[55],"70%,":[56],"or":[57],"50%":[58],"produced":[59],"increase":[61],"in":[62,74,136,159],"rates;":[64],"lower":[65],"percentages":[66],"decreased":[67,111],"rates.":[69],"patterns":[71,117],"responding":[73,119,134],"condition":[77],"differed":[78],"those":[80],"other":[83],"conditions.":[84],"II,":[87],"chamber":[89],"darkened":[91],"after":[92],"presentations":[94],"and":[95],"timeouts.":[96],"Response":[97],"rate":[98],"directly":[100],"related":[101],"rate.":[114],"Characteristic":[115],"fixed-interval":[116,148],"maintained":[121],"as":[122,124,164],"long":[123],"there":[125],"occasional":[127],"presentations;":[129],"pausing":[130],"followed":[131],"positively-accelerated":[133],"occurred":[135],"conditions":[138],"ranging":[139],"7%":[141],"100%.":[143],"ability":[145],"maintain":[147],"performance":[149],"reinforcement":[152],"suggested":[153],"behavioral":[156],"sequences":[157],"occurring":[158],"each":[160],"interval":[161],"may":[162],"operate":[163],"unitary":[165],"responses.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
