{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2047699089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200203000-00023","title":"Creatine supplementation improves muscular performance in older men","display_name":"Creatine supplementation improves muscular performance in older men","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2047699089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200203000-00023","mag":"2047699089","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11880821"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00005768-200203000-00023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200203000-00023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200203000-00023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14544163","display_name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","issn_l":"0195-9131","issn":["0195-9131","1530-0315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058726966","display_name":"Lincoln Allan Gotshalk","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35722693","display_name":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","ror":"https://ror.org/02mp2av58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35722693"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106879","display_name":"Ohio University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jr3y717","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"LINCOLN A. GOTSHALK","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Hawaii at Hilo, USA","Accepted for publication July 2001","Department of Biological Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH","Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI","Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT","Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","Submitted for publication February 2001"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Hawaii at Hilo, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35722693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accepted for publication July 2001","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35722693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Submitted for publication February 2001","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071325145","display_name":"Jeff S. Volek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8702-0351","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8702-0351"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35722693","display_name":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","ror":"https://ror.org/02mp2av58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35722693"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106879","display_name":"Ohio University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jr3y717","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JEFF S. VOLEK","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH","Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI","Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT","and Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","Accepted for publication July 2001","Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","Submitted for publication February 2001"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35722693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accepted for publication July 2001","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Submitted for publication February 2001","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012789084","display_name":"Robert S. Staron","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35722693","display_name":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","ror":"https://ror.org/02mp2av58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35722693"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106879","display_name":"Ohio University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jr3y717","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ROBERT S. STARON","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH","Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI","Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT","and Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","Accepted for publication July 2001","Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","Submitted for publication February 2001"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35722693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accepted for publication July 2001","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Submitted for publication February 2001","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049537699","display_name":"Craig R. Denegar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7708-4351","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7708-4351"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35722693","display_name":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","ror":"https://ror.org/02mp2av58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35722693"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106879","display_name":"Ohio University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jr3y717","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"CRAIG R. DENEGAR","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH","Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI","Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT","and Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","Accepted for publication July 2001","Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","Submitted for publication February 2001"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35722693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accepted for publication July 2001","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Submitted for publication February 2001","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111690795","display_name":"Fredrick C. Hagerman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35722693","display_name":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","ror":"https://ror.org/02mp2av58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35722693"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106879","display_name":"Ohio University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jr3y717","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"FREDRICK C. HAGERMAN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH","Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI","Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT","and Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","Accepted for publication July 2001","Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","Submitted for publication February 2001"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35722693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accepted for publication July 2001","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Submitted for publication February 2001","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029107268","display_name":"William J. Kraemer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6907-0264","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6907-0264"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35722693","display_name":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","ror":"https://ror.org/02mp2av58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35722693"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106879","display_name":"Ohio University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jr3y717","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"WILLIAM J. KRAEMER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH","Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI","Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT","and Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","Accepted for publication July 2001","Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","Submitted for publication February 2001"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Physical Education, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35722693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accepted for publication July 2001","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Sports Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Submitted for publication February 2001","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5602,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":156,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94730785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"3","first_page":"537","last_page":"543"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11399","display_name":"Muscle metabolism and nutrition","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11399","display_name":"Muscle metabolism and nutrition","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10397","display_name":"Nutrition and Health in Aging","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13551","display_name":"Biochemical effects in animals","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creatine-supplementation","display_name":"creatine supplementation","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-men","display_name":"older men","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-strength","display_name":"muscle strength","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/explosive-power","display_name":"explosive power","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-capacity","display_name":"functional capacity","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aging","display_name":"aging","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fat-free-mass","display_name":"fat-free mass","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-creatine","display_name":"muscle creatine","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-repetition-maximum","display_name":"one-repetition maximum","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isometric-strength","display_name":"isometric strength","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-composition","display_name":"body composition","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/short-term-supplementation","display_name":"short-term supplementation","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistance-training","display_name":"resistance training","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-hypertrophy","display_name":"muscle hypertrophy","score":0.3100000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779896295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223600","display_name":"Creatine","level":2,"score":0.8294217586517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.7524615526199341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103486182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1216236","display_name":"Isometric exercise","level":2,"score":0.7403532862663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777188771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14093","display_name":"Bench press","level":3,"score":0.6613566875457764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6544449925422668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777861855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q814819","display_name":"Leg press","level":3,"score":0.606637716293335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910054578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223600","display_name":"Creatine Monohydrate","level":4,"score":0.5364433526992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.5027070045471191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153396756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1785966","display_name":"Physical strength","level":2,"score":0.5021500587463379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139319395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5955462","display_name":"Hydrostatic weighing","level":3,"score":0.4416598379611969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.42771393060684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.3443681001663208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988918651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048687","display_name":"Muscle strength","level":2,"score":0.29678040742874146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147583825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620876","display_name":"Body weight","level":2,"score":0.22155213356018066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019424981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12834857","display_name":"Resistance training","level":2,"score":0.08447828888893127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001823","descriptor_name":"Body Composition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003401","descriptor_name":"Creatine","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004311","descriptor_name":"Double-Blind Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005080","descriptor_name":"Exercise Test","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019587","descriptor_name":"Dietary Supplements","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00005768-200203000-00023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200203000-00023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200203000-00023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14544163","display_name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","issn_l":"0195-9131","issn":["0195-9131","1530-0315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11880821","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11880821","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine and science in sports and exercise","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial"},{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W186319237","https://openalex.org/W1483370050","https://openalex.org/W1485527862","https://openalex.org/W1589867445","https://openalex.org/W1829383913","https://openalex.org/W1993950147","https://openalex.org/W1995489858","https://openalex.org/W2015396260","https://openalex.org/W2017129538","https://openalex.org/W2029792399","https://openalex.org/W2049414357","https://openalex.org/W2050404455","https://openalex.org/W2055953691","https://openalex.org/W2064957965","https://openalex.org/W2066452700","https://openalex.org/W2067279374","https://openalex.org/W2077120302","https://openalex.org/W2081229068","https://openalex.org/W2096657471","https://openalex.org/W2098942697","https://openalex.org/W2107560389","https://openalex.org/W2123977609","https://openalex.org/W2129445892","https://openalex.org/W2129961360","https://openalex.org/W2130414478","https://openalex.org/W2135377155","https://openalex.org/W2139985432","https://openalex.org/W2216177017","https://openalex.org/W2922541706","https://openalex.org/W4239202739","https://openalex.org/W4248786683","https://openalex.org/W4297573836"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2043582685","https://openalex.org/W2275784156","https://openalex.org/W2015396260","https://openalex.org/W2903648497","https://openalex.org/W6999468704","https://openalex.org/W2028293262","https://openalex.org/W2319890511","https://openalex.org/W2342087359","https://openalex.org/W2047211651","https://openalex.org/W2014367835"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"Creatine":[1,19,325],"supplementation":[2,20,49,305,326],"has":[3],"been":[4],"shown":[5],"to":[6,71,183,205,233,275,336],"enhance":[7],"muscle":[8,34,190,313,340],"strength":[9,35,134,144,265,271,341],"and":[10,36,90,97,105,139,148,160,167,178,186,189,254,260,267,273,281,283,288,342],"power":[11,151,279],"after":[12],"only":[13],"5-7":[14],"d":[15,46,87,124,302],"in":[16,33,50,197,214,220,241,318,339],"young":[17],"adults.":[18],"could":[21],"therefore":[22],"benefit":[23],"older":[24,53,319,334],"individuals":[25],"because":[26],"aging":[27],"is":[28,306],"associated":[29],"with":[30,63,207,245],"a":[31,59,67,75,157,329],"decrease":[32],"explosive":[37,150],"power.":[38],"METHODS:":[39],"We":[40],"examined":[41],"the":[42,208,215,221,229,242,246],"effects":[43,293],"of":[44,47,77,210,303,312,344],"7":[45,86,123,301],"creatine":[48,101,191,243,304],"normally":[51],"active":[52],"men":[54,320],"(59-72":[55],"yr)":[56],"by":[57,85],"using":[58],"double-blind,":[60],"placebo-controlled":[61],"design":[62],"repeated":[64],"measures.":[65],"After":[66,92,111],"3-wk":[68],"familiarization":[69],"period":[70],"minimize":[72],"learning":[73],"effects,":[74],"battery":[76],"tests":[78,317],"was":[79,173],"completed":[80],"on":[81,156],"three":[82],"occasions":[83],"separated":[84],"(T1,":[88],"T2,":[89,112],"T3).":[91],"T1,":[93],"subjects":[94,113,128],"were":[95,129,181,201,235,294],"matched":[96],"randomly":[98],"assigned":[99],"into":[100],"(N":[102,107],"=":[103,108],"10)":[104],"placebo":[106,216,247],"8)":[109],"groups.":[110],"consumed":[114],"supplements":[115],"(0.3":[116],"g":[117],"x":[118,120,153],"kg(-1)":[119],"d(-1))":[121],"for":[122,131,250,333],"until":[125],"T3.":[126],"All":[127],"tested":[130],"maximal":[132,142,263,269],"dynamic":[133,264],"(one-repetition":[135],"maximum":[136],"leg":[137],"press":[138],"bench":[140],"press),":[141],"isometric":[143,211,270],"(knee":[145],"extension/flexion),":[146],"upper-":[147],"lower-body":[149,277],"(6":[152],"10-s":[154],"sprints":[155],"cycle":[158],"ergometer),":[159],"lower-extremity":[161,284],"functional":[162,285,316,345],"ability":[163],"(timed":[164],"sit-stand":[165],"test":[166],"tandem":[168],"gait":[169],"test).":[170],"Body":[171],"composition":[172],"assessed":[174],"via":[175],"hydrostatic":[176],"weighing,":[177],"blood":[179],"samples":[180],"obtained":[182],"assess":[184],"renal":[185],"hepatic":[187],"responses":[188,230],"concentrations.":[192],"RESULTS:":[193],"No":[194,290],"significant":[195],"increases":[196],"any":[198],"performance":[199,343],"measures":[200],"observed":[202],"from":[203,231],"T1":[204],"T2":[206,232],"exception":[209],"right-knee":[212],"flexion":[213],"group":[217],"indicating":[218],"stability":[219],"testing":[222],"protocols.":[223],"Significant":[224],"group-by":[225],"-time":[226],"interactions":[227],"indicated":[228],"T3":[234],"significantly":[236],"greater":[237],"(P":[238],"<or=":[239],"0.05)":[240],"compared":[244],"group,":[248],"respectively,":[249],"body":[251],"mass":[252,258],"(1.86":[253],"-1.01":[255],"kg),":[256,262],"fat-free":[257],"(2.22":[259],"0.00":[261],"(7-8":[266],"1-2%),":[268],"(9-15":[272],"-6":[274],"1%),":[276],"mean":[278],"(11":[280],"0%),":[282],"capacity":[286],"(6-9":[287],"1-2%).":[289],"adverse":[291,322],"side":[292,323],"observed.":[295],"CONCLUSION:":[296],"These":[297],"data":[298],"indicate":[299],"that":[300],"effective":[307],"at":[308],"increasing":[309],"several":[310],"indices":[311],"performance,":[314],"including":[315],"without":[321],"effects.":[324],"may":[327],"be":[328],"useful":[330],"therapeutic":[331],"strategy":[332],"adults":[335],"attenuate":[337],"loss":[338],"living":[346],"tasks.":[347]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}