{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2047526260","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4863822","title":"New route to the fabrication of nanocrystalline diamond films","display_name":"New route to the fabrication of nanocrystalline diamond films","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2047526260","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4863822","mag":"2047526260"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.4863822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4863822","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4863822","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187991544","display_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","issn_l":"0021-8979","issn":["0021-8979","1089-7550","1520-8850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112274721","display_name":"Deepak Varshney","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200399037","display_name":"University of Puerto Rico System","ror":"https://ror.org/02yg0nm07","country_code":"PR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"]}],"countries":["PR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deepak Varshney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico 2 , San Juan, PO Box 70377, Puerto Rico 00936, Puerto Rico, USA","Institute of Functional Nanomaterials, University of Puerto Rico 1 , San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931, Puerto Rico, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico 2 , San Juan, PO Box 70377, Puerto Rico 00936, Puerto Rico, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Functional Nanomaterials, University of Puerto Rico 1 , San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931, Puerto Rico, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103080816","display_name":"Javier Palomino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4562-3741","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4562-3741"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200399037","display_name":"University of Puerto Rico System","ror":"https://ror.org/02yg0nm07","country_code":"PR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"]}],"countries":["PR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javier Palomino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico 2 , San Juan, PO Box 70377, Puerto Rico 00936, Puerto Rico, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico 2 , San Juan, PO Box 70377, Puerto Rico 00936, Puerto Rico, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027908939","display_name":"Jennifer Gil","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200399037","display_name":"University of Puerto Rico System","ror":"https://ror.org/02yg0nm07","country_code":"PR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"]}],"countries":["PR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Gil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico 3 , San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936, Puerto Rico, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico 3 , San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936, Puerto Rico, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048942225","display_name":"Oscar Resto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200399037","display_name":"University of Puerto Rico System","ror":"https://ror.org/02yg0nm07","country_code":"PR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"]}],"countries":["PR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oscar Resto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico 2 , San Juan, PO Box 70377, Puerto Rico 00936, Puerto Rico, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico 2 , San Juan, PO Box 70377, Puerto Rico 00936, Puerto Rico, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029412939","display_name":"Brad R. Weiner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5255-1918","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5255-1918"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200399037","display_name":"University of Puerto Rico System","ror":"https://ror.org/02yg0nm07","country_code":"PR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"]}],"countries":["PR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brad R. Weiner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico 3 , San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936, Puerto Rico, USA","Institute of Functional Nanomaterials, University of Puerto Rico 1 , San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931, Puerto Rico, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico 3 , San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936, Puerto Rico, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Functional Nanomaterials, University of Puerto Rico 1 , San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931, Puerto Rico, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066612752","display_name":"Gerardo Morell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4787-2239","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4787-2239"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200399037","display_name":"University of Puerto Rico System","ror":"https://ror.org/02yg0nm07","country_code":"PR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"]}],"countries":["PR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerardo Morell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico 2 , San Juan, PO Box 70377, Puerto Rico 00936, Puerto Rico, USA","Institute of Functional Nanomaterials, University of Puerto Rico 1 , San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931, Puerto Rico, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico 2 , San Juan, PO Box 70377, Puerto Rico 00936, Puerto Rico, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Functional Nanomaterials, University of Puerto Rico 1 , San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931, Puerto Rico, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200399037"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5448,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61938542,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"115","issue":"5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10478","display_name":"Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10478","display_name":"Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11341","display_name":"Boron and Carbon Nanomaterials Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10377","display_name":"Metal and Thin Film Mechanics","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanocrystalline-diamond","display_name":"nanocrystalline diamond","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diamond-films","display_name":"diamond films","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hot-filament-chemical-vapor-deposition","display_name":"hot filament chemical vapor deposition","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copper-substrate","display_name":"copper substrate","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catalyst-free-growth","display_name":"catalyst-free growth","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-k-edge","display_name":"carbon K-edge","score":0.640999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140676511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6964018","display_name":"Nanocrystalline material","level":2,"score":0.7595200538635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776921476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283","display_name":"Diamond","level":2,"score":0.7425841689109802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7351188659667969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.7179315090179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57410435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q505668","display_name":"Chemical vapor deposition","level":2,"score":0.6586010456085205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19067145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137203","display_name":"Thin film","level":2,"score":0.6479827165603638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75937256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1440781","display_name":"Carbon film","level":3,"score":0.5827131867408752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.5802591443061829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40003534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862228","display_name":"Raman spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.5758808255195618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.557512640953064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146088050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744818","display_name":"Transmission electron microscopy","level":2,"score":0.4766465127468109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162882748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5925925","display_name":"Material properties of diamond","level":3,"score":0.421671599149704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.39682644605636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.273186057806015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1431664228439331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.4863822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4863822","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4863822","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187991544","display_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","issn_l":"0021-8979","issn":["0021-8979","1089-7550","1520-8850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3598918984","display_name":"Infrastructure Building Towards an Institute for Functional Nanomaterials (IFN) in Puerto Rico","funder_award_id":"0701525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976972281","https://openalex.org/W1977689509","https://openalex.org/W1978145217","https://openalex.org/W1987233736","https://openalex.org/W1992543753","https://openalex.org/W1994959946","https://openalex.org/W1997661515","https://openalex.org/W1998901501","https://openalex.org/W1998993857","https://openalex.org/W2000356029","https://openalex.org/W2009195586","https://openalex.org/W2009691758","https://openalex.org/W2010179047","https://openalex.org/W2011529228","https://openalex.org/W2013038146","https://openalex.org/W2030328444","https://openalex.org/W2033088117","https://openalex.org/W2034707001","https://openalex.org/W2040890443","https://openalex.org/W2045638789","https://openalex.org/W2048334210","https://openalex.org/W2050310354","https://openalex.org/W2056737213","https://openalex.org/W2062764404","https://openalex.org/W2063224499","https://openalex.org/W2063281711","https://openalex.org/W2072661877","https://openalex.org/W2073002302","https://openalex.org/W2077149154","https://openalex.org/W2080254629","https://openalex.org/W2082187463","https://openalex.org/W2083461917","https://openalex.org/W2089163046","https://openalex.org/W2096401385","https://openalex.org/W2107931063","https://openalex.org/W2115426052","https://openalex.org/W2127401408","https://openalex.org/W2133348933","https://openalex.org/W2159152179","https://openalex.org/W2164517490","https://openalex.org/W2165417205","https://openalex.org/W2171898868","https://openalex.org/W2235679284"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068164751","https://openalex.org/W2247571056","https://openalex.org/W7095866278","https://openalex.org/W2322362026","https://openalex.org/W1998161868","https://openalex.org/W4408857831","https://openalex.org/W4399595684","https://openalex.org/W2121806843","https://openalex.org/W2083461917","https://openalex.org/W2053540865"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nanocrystalline":[0],"diamond":[1,53,156],"(NCD)":[2],"thin":[3,64,157],"films":[4,65,114,158],"offer":[5],"applications":[6],"in":[7,28,54,103],"various":[8],"fields,":[9],"but":[10],"the":[11,29,49,55,91,104,112,133,138],"existing":[12],"synthetic":[13],"approaches":[14],"are":[15],"cumbersome":[16],"and":[17,35,121,127,151],"destructive.":[18],"A":[19],"major":[20],"breakthrough":[21],"has":[22,99],"been":[23,100],"achieved":[24],"by":[25,73,117],"our":[26],"group":[27],"direction":[30],"of":[31,38,51,57,82,93,111,140,154],"a":[32,45,70,146],"non-destructive,":[33],"scalable,":[34],"economic":[36],"process":[37,144],"NCD":[39,63],"thin-film":[40],"fabrication.":[41],"Here,":[42],"we":[43],"report":[44],"cheap":[46],"precursor":[47],"for":[48,159],"growth":[50],"nanocrystalline":[52,141,155],"form":[56],"paraffin":[58,77],"wax.":[59],"We":[60],"show":[61],"that":[62,98],"can":[66],"be":[67],"fabricated":[68],"on":[69],"copper":[71],"support":[72],"using":[74],"simple,":[75],"commonplace":[76],"wax":[78],"under":[79],"reaction":[80],"conditions":[81],"Hot":[83],"Filament":[84],"Chemical":[85],"Vapor":[86],"Deposition":[87],"(HFCVD).":[88],"Surprisingly,":[89],"even":[90],"presence":[92,139],"any":[94],"catalyst":[95],"or":[96],"seeding":[97],"conventionally":[101],"used":[102],"state-of-the-art":[105],"is":[106,145],"not":[107],"required.":[108],"The":[109,143],"structure":[110],"obtained":[113],"was":[115],"analyzed":[116],"scanning":[118],"electron":[119,123,128],"microscopy":[120],"transmission":[122],"microscopy.":[124],"Raman":[125],"spectroscopy":[126,130],"energy-loss":[129],"recorded":[131],"at":[132],"carbon":[134],"K-edge":[135],"region":[136],"confirm":[137],"diamond.":[142],"significant":[147],"step":[148],"towards":[149],"cost-effective":[150],"non-cumbersome":[152],"fabrication":[153],"commercial":[160],"production.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
