{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2046928443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2014.11.001","title":"A Unified Framework for Classification of Methods for Benefit-Risk Assessment","display_name":"A Unified Framework for Classification of Methods for Benefit-Risk Assessment","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-02-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2046928443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2014.11.001","mag":"2046928443","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25773560"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jval.2014.11.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2014.11.001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2014.11.001","pdf_url":"https://www.valueinhealthjournal.com/article/S1098-3015(14)04756-1/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S678965","display_name":"Value in Health","issn_l":"1098-3015","issn":["1098-3015","1524-4733"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Value in Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.valueinhealthjournal.com/article/S1098-3015(14)04756-1/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044094148","display_name":"Mehdi Najafzadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-1057","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-1057"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mehdi Najafzadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: mnajafzadeh@partners.org","Department of Medicine, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: mnajafzadeh@partners.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004416630","display_name":"Sebastian Schneewei\u00df","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-467X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-467X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastian Schneeweiss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091282674","display_name":"Niteesh K. Choudhry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7719-2248","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7719-2248"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niteesh Choudhry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083832003","display_name":"Katsiaryna Bykov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3336-5412","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3336-5412"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katsiaryna Bykov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084954969","display_name":"Kristijan H. Kahler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8227-8879","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8227-8879"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristijan H. Kahler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108823466","display_name":"Diane P. Martin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-5040","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-5040"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diane P. Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059157113","display_name":"Joshua J. Gagne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5428-9733","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5428-9733"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joshua J. Gagne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044094148"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"apc_list":{"value":4000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6219,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95585182,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"2","first_page":"250","last_page":"259"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10804","display_name":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","score":0.8661999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10804","display_name":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","score":0.8661999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.022600000724196434,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10841","display_name":"Economic and Environmental Valuation","score":0.01549999974668026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-benefit-assessment","display_name":"risk-benefit assessment","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classification-framework","display_name":"classification framework","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preference-weights","display_name":"preference weights","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/number-needed-to-treat","display_name":"number needed to treat","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/number-needed-to-harm","display_name":"number needed to harm","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-acceptable-risk","display_name":"maximum acceptable risk","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-adjusted-life-years","display_name":"quality-adjusted life years","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-criteria-decision-making","display_name":"multi-criteria decision making","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbo","display_name":"Turbo","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiplatelet-drugs","display_name":"antiplatelet agents","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-centered-decision-making","display_name":"patient-centered decision-making","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-trade-offs","display_name":"treatment trade-offs","score":0.3490000069141388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5206460356712341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777363581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15098235","display_name":"Harm","level":2,"score":0.519631564617157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.5155051350593567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781249084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908656","display_name":"Preference","level":2,"score":0.4948117136955261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186116695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249226","display_name":"Decision analysis","level":2,"score":0.4720616936683655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.44049394130706787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.38793304562568665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27958622574806213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2541016936302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.18482497334480286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003661","descriptor_name":"Decision Support Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019057","descriptor_name":"Quality-Adjusted Life Years","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jval.2014.11.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2014.11.001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2014.11.001","pdf_url":"https://www.valueinhealthjournal.com/article/S1098-3015(14)04756-1/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S678965","display_name":"Value in Health","issn_l":"1098-3015","issn":["1098-3015","1524-4733"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Value in Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25773560","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25773560","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dash.harvard.edu:1/42661885","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42661885","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401540","display_name":"Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","host_organization_name":"Harvard University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jval.2014.11.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2014.11.001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2014.11.001","pdf_url":"https://www.valueinhealthjournal.com/article/S1098-3015(14)04756-1/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S678965","display_name":"Value in Health","issn_l":"1098-3015","issn":["1098-3015","1524-4733"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Value in Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308347","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310388","display_name":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/028fhxy95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334506","display_name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01gavpb45"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2046928443.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2046928443.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975976726","https://openalex.org/W1993614294","https://openalex.org/W2040313649","https://openalex.org/W2046535780","https://openalex.org/W2060835342","https://openalex.org/W2070514085","https://openalex.org/W2080886948","https://openalex.org/W2081398893","https://openalex.org/W2087736674","https://openalex.org/W2097854437","https://openalex.org/W2109305097","https://openalex.org/W2111059791","https://openalex.org/W2118882175","https://openalex.org/W2121627749","https://openalex.org/W2127215765","https://openalex.org/W2132058335","https://openalex.org/W2136489990","https://openalex.org/W2158834553","https://openalex.org/W2162508946","https://openalex.org/W2169775710","https://openalex.org/W2465663631","https://openalex.org/W2562738210","https://openalex.org/W2887284386","https://openalex.org/W4245449645"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7164138367","https://openalex.org/W2129318728","https://openalex.org/W3012375917","https://openalex.org/W2125425020","https://openalex.org/W7095471681","https://openalex.org/W4231549007","https://openalex.org/W7098836323","https://openalex.org/W4362451526","https://openalex.org/W2002592966","https://openalex.org/W2169775710"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}