{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2046901252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3791/50111","title":"A Contusion Model of Severe Spinal Cord Injury in Rats","display_name":"A Contusion Model of Severe Spinal Cord Injury in Rats","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-08-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2046901252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3791/50111","mag":"2046901252","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23979022","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3855925"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3791/50111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3791/50111","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3791/50111","pdf_url":"https://www.jove.com/pdf/50111/a-contusion-model-of-severe-spinal-cord-injury-in-rats","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199738284","display_name":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","issn_l":"1940-087X","issn":["1940-087X","2834-8400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320416","host_organization_name":"MyJOVE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320416"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["MyJOVE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.jove.com/pdf/50111/a-contusion-model-of-severe-spinal-cord-injury-in-rats","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029728915","display_name":"Vibhor Krishna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4141-4192","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4141-4192"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153297377","display_name":"Medical University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/012jban78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153297377"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vibhor Krishna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuroscience, Division of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, USA. vibhorkrishna@gmail.com","Department of Neuroscience, Division of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuroscience, Division of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, USA. vibhorkrishna@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153297377"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuroscience, Division of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153297377"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076279737","display_name":"Hampton Andrews","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153297377","display_name":"Medical University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/012jban78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153297377"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hampton Andrews","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuroscience, Division of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuroscience, Division of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153297377"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053725216","display_name":"Xing Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5343-0800","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5343-0800","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6927-581X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xing Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioengineering, Clemson University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering, Clemson University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100715209","display_name":"Jin Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2049-3677","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2049-3677"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153297377","display_name":"Medical University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/012jban78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153297377"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuroscience, Division of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuroscience, Division of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153297377"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070886832","display_name":"Abhay K. Varma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5481-004X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5481-004X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153297377","display_name":"Medical University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/012jban78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153297377"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhay Varma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuroscience, Division of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuroscience, Division of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153297377"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103526914","display_name":"Xuejun Wen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuejun Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clemson-MUSC Bioengineering Joint Program"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clemson-MUSC Bioengineering Joint Program","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020781568","display_name":"Mark S. Kindy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0144-2172","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0144-2172"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153297377","display_name":"Medical University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/012jban78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153297377"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Kindy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuroscience, Division of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuroscience, Division of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153297377"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7453,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83348398,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":"78","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10925","display_name":"Spinal Cord Injury Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10925","display_name":"Spinal Cord Injury Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12249","display_name":"Veterinary Orthopedics and Neurology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10483","display_name":"Nerve injury and regeneration","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinal-cord-injury","display_name":"spinal cord injury","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rat-model","display_name":"rat model","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereotactic-frame","display_name":"stereotactic frame","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypothermia","display_name":"hypothermia","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urinary-tract-infection","display_name":"urinary tract infection","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-complications","display_name":"postoperative complications","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroprotection","display_name":"neuroprotection","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nerve-regeneration","display_name":"nerve regeneration","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-recovery","display_name":"functional recovery","score":0.6370000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8114808797836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1415275","display_name":"Spinal cord injury","level":3,"score":0.7834405899047852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25498285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981368","display_name":"Neuroprotection","level":2,"score":0.6482173800468445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019114686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3089676","display_name":"Rat model","level":2,"score":0.5330824851989746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780775167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9606","display_name":"Spinal cord","level":2,"score":0.5289984345436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777390192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1036696","display_name":"Hypothermia","level":2,"score":0.49677616357803345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.49142682552337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778117688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264024","display_name":"Animal model","level":2,"score":0.48727571964263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.09216177463531494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003288","descriptor_name":"Contusions","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004195","descriptor_name":"Disease Models, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013119","descriptor_name":"Spinal Cord Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3791/50111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3791/50111","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3791/50111","pdf_url":"https://www.jove.com/pdf/50111/a-contusion-model-of-severe-spinal-cord-injury-in-rats","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199738284","display_name":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","issn_l":"1940-087X","issn":["1940-087X","2834-8400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320416","host_organization_name":"MyJOVE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320416"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["MyJOVE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3103362","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3855925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3855925","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3855925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Vis Exp","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:23979022","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23979022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3791/50111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3791/50111","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3791/50111","pdf_url":"https://www.jove.com/pdf/50111/a-contusion-model-of-severe-spinal-cord-injury-in-rats","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199738284","display_name":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","issn_l":"1940-087X","issn":["1940-087X","2834-8400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320416","host_organization_name":"MyJOVE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320416"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["MyJOVE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9476000070571899,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2046901252.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2046901252.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968368558","https://openalex.org/W1979028140","https://openalex.org/W1979942439","https://openalex.org/W2009574468","https://openalex.org/W2011745605","https://openalex.org/W2033867839","https://openalex.org/W2040871722","https://openalex.org/W2054548538","https://openalex.org/W2056679870","https://openalex.org/W2071494502","https://openalex.org/W2084094544","https://openalex.org/W2085770160","https://openalex.org/W2269528257","https://openalex.org/W4238273598"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2699657771","https://openalex.org/W4392394576","https://openalex.org/W4249049295","https://openalex.org/W3165158565","https://openalex.org/W2066645314","https://openalex.org/W1973273107","https://openalex.org/W2372525978","https://openalex.org/W4206129204","https://openalex.org/W4404690884","https://openalex.org/W4407309183"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,75,87],"translational":[1],"potential":[2],"of":[3,27,31,42,59,72,78,97],"novel":[4],"treatments":[5],"should":[6],"be":[7,91],"investigated":[8],"in":[9,53],"severe":[10,28],"spinal":[11],"cord":[12],"injury":[13],"(SCI)":[14],"contusion":[15,80,88],"models.":[16,86],"A":[17],"detailed":[18],"methodology":[19],"is":[20],"described":[21],"to":[22,84,93],"obtain":[23],"a":[24,32],"consistent":[25],"model":[26,81,89],"SCI.":[29],"Use":[30],"stereotactic":[33],"frame":[34],"and":[35,46,65,100],"computer":[36],"controlled":[37],"impactor":[38],"allows":[39,68],"for":[40,69],"creation":[41],"reproducible":[43],"injury.":[44],"Hypothermia":[45],"urinary":[47],"tract":[48],"infection":[49],"pose":[50],"significant":[51],"challenges":[52],"the":[54,95],"post-operative":[55,73],"period.":[56],"Careful":[57],"monitoring":[58],"animals":[60],"with":[61],"daily":[62],"weight":[63],"recording":[64],"bladder":[66],"expression":[67],"early":[70],"detection":[71],"complications.":[74],"functional":[76],"results":[77],"this":[79],"are":[82],"equivalent":[83],"transection":[85],"can":[90],"utilized":[92],"evaluate":[94],"efficacy":[96],"both":[98],"neuroprotective":[99],"neuroregenerative":[101],"approaches.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}