{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2046621046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540269775268","title":"Sex differences in schizophrenia: epidemiology, genetics and the brain","display_name":"Sex differences in schizophrenia: epidemiology, genetics and the brain","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2046621046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540269775268","mag":"2046621046"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/09540269775268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540269775268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540269775268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136737876","display_name":"International Review of Psychiatry","issn_l":"0954-0261","issn":["0954-0261","1369-1627"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Review of Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028182980","display_name":"Jill M. Goldstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-7791","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-7791"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801075670","display_name":"Massachusetts Mental Health Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0229c7854","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801075670"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"JILL M GOLDSTEIN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Medical School, Consolidated Department of Psychiatry at Massachusetts Mental Health Center and Harvard Institute of Psychiatric Epidemiology and Genetics, Boston, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School, Consolidated Department of Psychiatry at Massachusetts Mental Health Center and Harvard Institute of Psychiatric Epidemiology and Genetics, Boston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801075670"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028182980"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801075670"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0176,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76981863,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"399","last_page":"408"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12308","display_name":"Mental Health and Psychiatry","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schizophrenia","display_name":"schizophrenia","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epidemiology","display_name":"epidemiology","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"genetics","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-abnormalities","display_name":"brain abnormalities","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroanatomy","display_name":"neuroanatomy","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-as-risk-factor","display_name":"sex as risk factor","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-of-onset","display_name":"age of onset","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presenting-symptoms","display_name":"presenting symptoms","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/familial-transmission","display_name":"family transmission","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incidence-and-prevalence","display_name":"incidence and prevalence","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"cognition","score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-response","display_name":"treatment response","score":0.8199999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43791586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185320","display_name":"Dementia praecox","level":3,"score":0.7231936454772949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.7141405940055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5639310479164124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.5521527528762817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137627325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156318","display_name":"Etiology","level":2,"score":0.5099097490310669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.4759671092033386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.46428123116493225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103378370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q948647","display_name":"Neuroanatomy","level":2,"score":0.4250061810016632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779727114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170082","display_name":"Psychosis","level":2,"score":0.42388859391212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.41330763697624207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.29711711406707764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.09504050016403198}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/09540269775268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540269775268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540269775268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136737876","display_name":"International Review of Psychiatry","issn_l":"0954-0261","issn":["0954-0261","1369-1627"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Review of Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":79,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W254275467","https://openalex.org/W600532240","https://openalex.org/W1498898089","https://openalex.org/W1573102895","https://openalex.org/W1717054933","https://openalex.org/W1828064201","https://openalex.org/W1965048827","https://openalex.org/W1969551752","https://openalex.org/W1972949783","https://openalex.org/W1976387658","https://openalex.org/W1982568701","https://openalex.org/W1983778585","https://openalex.org/W1984921304","https://openalex.org/W1985655368","https://openalex.org/W1985853034","https://openalex.org/W1986506863","https://openalex.org/W1987201186","https://openalex.org/W1987511706","https://openalex.org/W1993216966","https://openalex.org/W1995362640","https://openalex.org/W1997256947","https://openalex.org/W1997886313","https://openalex.org/W1998328043","https://openalex.org/W2000344166","https://openalex.org/W2005137243","https://openalex.org/W2016765019","https://openalex.org/W2020683009","https://openalex.org/W2021712024","https://openalex.org/W2023176690","https://openalex.org/W2027990076","https://openalex.org/W2028254055","https://openalex.org/W2031140982","https://openalex.org/W2033007401","https://openalex.org/W2041486022","https://openalex.org/W2043983633","https://openalex.org/W2044469921","https://openalex.org/W2046543862","https://openalex.org/W2047815583","https://openalex.org/W2048431822","https://openalex.org/W2049106060","https://openalex.org/W2052169203","https://openalex.org/W2055188316","https://openalex.org/W2057794302","https://openalex.org/W2059776851","https://openalex.org/W2064042177","https://openalex.org/W2067131224","https://openalex.org/W2074325113","https://openalex.org/W2078026600","https://openalex.org/W2080328036","https://openalex.org/W2080880668","https://openalex.org/W2085874619","https://openalex.org/W2086727051","https://openalex.org/W2087878696","https://openalex.org/W2088209241","https://openalex.org/W2088369128","https://openalex.org/W2089433638","https://openalex.org/W2100428409","https://openalex.org/W2110538300","https://openalex.org/W2110909555","https://openalex.org/W2111956849","https://openalex.org/W2112953166","https://openalex.org/W2114093103","https://openalex.org/W2118360738","https://openalex.org/W2140770766","https://openalex.org/W2142104814","https://openalex.org/W2142890866","https://openalex.org/W2143896744","https://openalex.org/W2150689283","https://openalex.org/W2151225198","https://openalex.org/W2153466619","https://openalex.org/W2157390384","https://openalex.org/W2158408449","https://openalex.org/W2166912411","https://openalex.org/W2167187684","https://openalex.org/W2169101006","https://openalex.org/W2417188414","https://openalex.org/W2464592124","https://openalex.org/W2477237870","https://openalex.org/W2886809532"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388245262","https://openalex.org/W2069181132","https://openalex.org/W2475154161","https://openalex.org/W2069844294","https://openalex.org/W2585268704","https://openalex.org/W2170172378","https://openalex.org/W3091369933","https://openalex.org/W4210986589","https://openalex.org/W2152115783","https://openalex.org/W2046732904"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"identification":[1],"of":[2,39,82,129,149,155],"sex":[3,60,77,90,109,145],"differences":[4,61,110,125,146],"in":[5,37,62,68,111,118,126,147],"schizophrenia":[6],"is":[7,56,91],"not":[8],"new,":[9],"since":[10],"even":[11],"Kraepelin":[12],"described":[13],"dementia":[14],"praecox":[15],"as":[16],"a":[17,86,92],"disorder":[18],"primarily":[19],"afflicting":[20],"young":[21],"men":[22,33],"(Kraepelin,":[23],"1893).":[24],"Since":[25],"then,":[26],"the":[27,57,79,100,106,112,116,124,127,130,135,153],"literature":[28,58,107],"has":[29,96],"shown":[30],"that":[31,76],"schizophrenic":[32],"and":[34,51,64,115,152],"women":[35],"differ":[36],"terms":[38,148],"age":[40],"at":[41],"onset,":[42],"symptom":[43],"expression,":[44],"neurobiological":[45],"factors,":[46],"course,":[47],"treatment":[48],"response,":[49],"incidence":[50,136],"familial":[52],"transmission.":[53],"More":[54],"controversial":[55],"on":[59,108],"cognition":[63],"structural":[65],"brain":[66,117],"abnormalities":[67],"schizophrenia.":[69,83,119],"However,":[70],"many":[71],"investigators":[72,141],"would":[73],"now":[74],"agree":[75],"modifies":[78],"phenotypic":[80],"expression":[81],"It":[84],"remains":[85],"testable":[87],"hypothesis":[88],"whether":[89],"risk":[93],"factor,":[94],"i.e.":[95],"etiological":[97],"consequences":[98],"for":[99],"illness.":[101],"This":[102],"review":[103],"will":[104],"summarize":[105],"epidemiology,":[113],"genetics":[114],"That":[120],"is,":[121],"what":[122],"are":[123],"phenomenology":[128],"disorder?":[131],"Do":[132],"they":[133],"impact":[134],"and/or":[137],"prevalence?":[138],"How":[139],"have":[140],"attempted":[142],"to":[143],"explain":[144],"genetic":[150],"transmission":[151],"neuroanatomy":[154],"schizophrenia?":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
