{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2046338564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3991(81)90059-0","title":"Use of multivariate statistics in analysing the images of biological macromolecules","display_name":"Use of multivariate statistics in analysing the images of biological macromolecules","publication_year":1981,"publication_date":"1981-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2046338564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3991(81)90059-0","mag":"2046338564","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7268930"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0304-3991(81)90059-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3991(81)90059-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3991(81)90059-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27731274","display_name":"Ultramicroscopy","issn_l":"0304-3991","issn":["0304-3991","1879-2723"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ultramicroscopy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105308558","display_name":"Marin van Heel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0726-7352","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0726-7352"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marin Van Heel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biochemisch Laboratorium der Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 16, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biochemisch Laboratorium der Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 16, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042892654","display_name":"Joachim Frank","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5449-6943","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5449-6943","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2442-1112"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298060332","display_name":"New York State Department of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04hf5kq57","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298060332"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joachim Frank","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Laboratories and Research, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York 12201, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Laboratories and Research, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York 12201, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298060332"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3760,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3760},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.1568,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":573,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99085366,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"2","first_page":"187","last_page":"194"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10857","display_name":"Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications","score":0.8564000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1315","display_name":"Structural Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10857","display_name":"Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications","score":0.8564000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1315","display_name":"Structural Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.04470000043511391,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.0414000004529953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariate-analysis","display_name":"multivariate analysis","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-classification","display_name":"image classification","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemocyanin","display_name":"hemocyanin","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horseshoe-crab","display_name":"horseshoe crab","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subunit-arrangement","display_name":"subunit arrangement","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-model","display_name":"3D model","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-registration","display_name":"image registration","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection-analysis","display_name":"projection analysis","score":0.3959999978542328}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161584116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","level":2,"score":0.7036182880401611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32909587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11369","display_name":"Molecule","level":2,"score":0.5998281240463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778268898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5905943","display_name":"Horseshoe (symbol)","level":2,"score":0.5962329506874084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779915011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407688","display_name":"Hemocyanin","level":3,"score":0.5652687549591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38180746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate analysis","level":2,"score":0.4818378686904907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4282803535461426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.42331159114837646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.37760791182518005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3612782657146454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3269052803516388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32642701268196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2964877486228943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2689635753631592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006433","descriptor_name":"Hemocyanins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006433","descriptor_name":"Hemocyanins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006433","descriptor_name":"Hemocyanins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006737","descriptor_name":"Horseshoe Crabs","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006737","descriptor_name":"Horseshoe Crabs","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006737","descriptor_name":"Horseshoe Crabs","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008854","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Electron","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008854","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Electron","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008854","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Electron","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013223","descriptor_name":"Statistics as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013223","descriptor_name":"Statistics as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013223","descriptor_name":"Statistics as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0304-3991(81)90059-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3991(81)90059-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3991(81)90059-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27731274","display_name":"Ultramicroscopy","issn_l":"0304-3991","issn":["0304-3991","1879-2723"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ultramicroscopy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7268930","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7268930","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ultramicroscopy","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W134855704","https://openalex.org/W2025752550","https://openalex.org/W2109624233","https://openalex.org/W2155361504","https://openalex.org/W4231816728"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2406638334","https://openalex.org/W40745829","https://openalex.org/W4318262572","https://openalex.org/W1978357124","https://openalex.org/W1578824628","https://openalex.org/W2032728545","https://openalex.org/W1570805059","https://openalex.org/W4250754046","https://openalex.org/W2036849593","https://openalex.org/W1978174651"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}