{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2046197037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14783360903248922","title":"Research on the trade-off relationship within quality costs: A case study","display_name":"Research on the trade-off relationship within quality costs: A case study","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2046197037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14783360903248922","mag":"2046197037"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/14783360903248922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14783360903248922","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14783360903248922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181832","display_name":"Total Quality Management & Business Excellence","issn_l":"1478-3363","issn":["1478-3363","1478-3371"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Total Quality Management & Business Excellence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075827276","display_name":"Qiang Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0032-9888","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0032-9888"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, 200240, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, 200240, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108579442","display_name":"Jinghua Shi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing-Hua Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, 200240, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, 200240, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109238784","display_name":"Sheng-Jie Lai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng-Jie Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, 200240, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, 200240, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075827276"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7906,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95348152,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"12","first_page":"1395","last_page":"1405"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12905","display_name":"Management Systems and Quality Improvement","score":0.6826000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12905","display_name":"Management Systems and Quality Improvement","score":0.6826000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10164","display_name":"Quality and Supply Management","score":0.15469999611377716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13706","display_name":"Management and Optimization Techniques","score":0.07339999824762344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-of-quality","display_name":"quality costs","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-quality-trade-off","display_name":"cost-quality trade-off","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prevention-costs","display_name":"prevention costs","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/appraisal-costs","display_name":"appraisal costs","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-failure-costs","display_name":"internal failure costs","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/external-failure-costs","display_name":"external failure costs","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-delay","display_name":"time delay","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-cost-reduction","display_name":"quality cost reduction","score":0.5669999718666077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86920780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514470","display_name":"Quality costs","level":3,"score":0.8154300451278687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.7504741549491882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145760622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174915","display_name":"Variable cost","level":2,"score":0.5774906873703003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5515546202659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5193520784378052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89128539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1949963","display_name":"Statistic","level":2,"score":0.5003211498260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182299520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289588","display_name":"Total cost","level":2,"score":0.4825584292411804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42866809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466764","display_name":"Fixed cost","level":2,"score":0.4800918400287628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.4413437843322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4374871850013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71405471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757012","display_name":"Quality management","level":3,"score":0.426777184009552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6964187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659256","display_name":"Indirect costs","level":2,"score":0.4263087809085846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.41703635454177856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32144129276275635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.31393569707870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.23395204544067383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017581826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1077518","display_name":"Cost control","level":2,"score":0.23375043272972107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13291993737220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198783460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629173","display_name":"Management system","level":2,"score":0.08586251735687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08154520392417908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.06827947497367859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/14783360903248922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14783360903248922","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14783360903248922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181832","display_name":"Total Quality Management & Business Excellence","issn_l":"1478-3363","issn":["1478-3363","1478-3371"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Total Quality Management & Business Excellence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W615441645","https://openalex.org/W651410634","https://openalex.org/W1549493899","https://openalex.org/W1989095290","https://openalex.org/W1991865266","https://openalex.org/W1996769738","https://openalex.org/W2018781542","https://openalex.org/W2037805048","https://openalex.org/W2042418169","https://openalex.org/W2062337980","https://openalex.org/W2074903235","https://openalex.org/W2120927274","https://openalex.org/W2127689961","https://openalex.org/W2128880490","https://openalex.org/W2137361949","https://openalex.org/W2142648177","https://openalex.org/W2372132926","https://openalex.org/W2790308573","https://openalex.org/W2889332206","https://openalex.org/W3142487386","https://openalex.org/W4205132215","https://openalex.org/W4297081765"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1012231628","https://openalex.org/W1820545889","https://openalex.org/W2075854394","https://openalex.org/W2037853886","https://openalex.org/W2503354744","https://openalex.org/W1894108044","https://openalex.org/W2123870285","https://openalex.org/W2947087455","https://openalex.org/W3157822480","https://openalex.org/W2150349346"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"today's":[1],"global":[2],"competition,":[3],"the":[4,10,45,48,54,57,67,74,83,102,106,121,125,132,136,144,166,179,183,191,201],"significant":[5],"cost":[6,85,170,203],"saving":[7,204],"potential":[8],"on":[9,112,120],"quality":[11,20,71,77,84,109,129,148,169,184,202],"costs":[12,21,27,34,50,59,78,130,149],"is":[13,65,88],"attracting":[14],"more":[15,17],"and":[16,29,32,36,60,86,131,175,193,205],"firms.":[18],"The":[19,139,186],"can":[22,97,172,195],"be":[23,173],"classified":[24],"into":[25,160],"control":[26,49],"(prevention":[28],"appraisal":[30],"costs)":[31],"failure":[33,38,58],"(internal":[35],"external":[37],"costs).":[39],"As":[40],"a":[41,89,99,113,197],"universally":[42],"accepted":[43],"principle,":[44],"increase":[46],"of":[47,56,76,94,105,108,124,135,182],"will":[51,150],"result":[52],"in":[53,200],"decrease":[55],"vice":[61],"versa.":[62],"This":[63],"relationship":[64,69,127],"called":[66],"trade-off":[68,126,145],"within":[70,147],"costs.":[72,110,185],"Thereof,":[73],"proportions":[75],"are":[79,158],"vital":[80],"for":[81],"balancing":[82],"there":[87],"balanced":[90,137,180],"point":[91,181],"(a":[92],"set":[93],"proportions)":[95],"that":[96,143,190],"make":[98],"firm":[100],"obtain":[101],"lowest":[103],"level":[104],"sum":[107],"Based":[111],"real":[114],"case":[115,187],"study,":[116],"this":[117],"paper":[118],"concentrates":[119],"statistic":[122,140],"analysis":[123,141],"between":[128],"quantitative":[133],"calculation":[134],"point.":[138],"reveals":[142],"relationships":[146],"not":[151],"show":[152],"up":[153],"except":[154],"when":[155],"time":[156,164],"delays":[157],"taken":[159],"account.":[161],"With":[162],"these":[163],"delays,":[165],"related":[167],"total":[168],"(RTQC)":[171],"derived":[174],"utilised":[176],"to":[177],"compute":[178],"study":[188],"demonstrates":[189],"findings":[192],"approach":[194],"provide":[196],"useful":[198],"assistance":[199],"management":[206],"improvement.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}