{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2045864480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-8206.1990.tb00485.x","title":"Pyroglutamic acid improves the age associated memory impairment","display_name":"Pyroglutamic acid improves the age associated memory impairment","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2045864480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-8206.1990.tb00485.x","mag":"2045864480","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2190900"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1472-8206.1990.tb00485.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-8206.1990.tb00485.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-8206.1990.tb00485.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35226884","display_name":"Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology","issn_l":"0767-3981","issn":["0767-3981","1472-8206"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032899579","display_name":"S. Grioli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Grioli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universit\u00e0 di Catania, Italy","Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universit\u00e0 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universit\u00e0 di Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universit\u00e0 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033727132","display_name":"C. Lomeo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Lomeo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universita\u0300 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy","Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universit\u00e0 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universita\u0300 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universit\u00e0 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039060959","display_name":"Maria Catena Ausilia Quattropani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0711-6412","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0711-6412"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MC Quattropani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universita\u0300 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy","Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universit\u00e0 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universita\u0300 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universit\u00e0 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076969284","display_name":"Giacomo Spignoli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G. Spignoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universita\u0300 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy","Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universit\u00e0 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universita\u0300 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universit\u00e0 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032932275","display_name":"Claudio Villardita","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39063666","display_name":"University of Catania","ror":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Villardita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universita\u0300 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy","Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universit\u00e0 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universita\u0300 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cattedra di Patologia Neurologica II dell'Universit\u00e0 di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076969284"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39063666"],"apc_list":{"value":3300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3300},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15000869,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"2","first_page":"169","last_page":"173"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.4120999872684479,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.4120999872684479,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10086","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease research and treatments","score":0.22579999268054962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13796","display_name":"Neuroprotection in Cerebral Ischemia","score":0.05420000106096268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyroglutamic-acid","display_name":"pyroglutamic acid","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-related-memory-impairment","display_name":"age-related memory impairment","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verbal-memory","display_name":"verbal memory","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-impairment","display_name":"memory impairment","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-enhancement","display_name":"cognitive enhancement","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.3310000002384186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777927761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421383","display_name":"Pyroglutamic acid","level":3,"score":0.5000762939453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.49811434745788574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018842126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11072","display_name":"Memory impairment","level":3,"score":0.4741748571395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.327332466840744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.32357627153396606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.189027339220047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.1470125913619995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.08104205131530762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C515207424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8066","display_name":"Amino acid","level":2,"score":0.06888413429260254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.0658179223537445}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004311","descriptor_name":"Double-Blind Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005556","descriptor_name":"Form Perception","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008569","descriptor_name":"Memory Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008569","descriptor_name":"Memory Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011597","descriptor_name":"Psychomotor Performance","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011760","descriptor_name":"Pyrrolidinones","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011761","descriptor_name":"Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1472-8206.1990.tb00485.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-8206.1990.tb00485.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-8206.1990.tb00485.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35226884","display_name":"Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology","issn_l":"0767-3981","issn":["0767-3981","1472-8206"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2190900","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2190900","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fundamental & clinical pharmacology","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial","display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W85419594","https://openalex.org/W1644143258","https://openalex.org/W1847168837","https://openalex.org/W1964654814","https://openalex.org/W2013050241","https://openalex.org/W2040340862","https://openalex.org/W2062825859","https://openalex.org/W2075364052","https://openalex.org/W2104227586","https://openalex.org/W4299291833"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W49982962","https://openalex.org/W2122396730","https://openalex.org/W2073329918","https://openalex.org/W7096949253","https://openalex.org/W2091980518","https://openalex.org/W2012455832","https://openalex.org/W2527819943","https://openalex.org/W2091048148","https://openalex.org/W4385406266","https://openalex.org/W1587150285"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pyroglutamic":[0],"acid":[1],"(PCA)":[2],"was":[3],"compared":[4],"with":[5,29,33],"placebo":[6,34],"in":[7,17,21,71,77],"a":[8,36,56],"randomized,":[9],"double":[10],"blind":[11],"trial":[12],"for":[13],"assessing":[14],"its":[15],"efficacy":[16],"treating":[18],"memory":[19,62,75,82],"deficits":[20],"40":[22],"aged":[23],"subjects.":[24],"Twenty":[25],"subjects":[26,78],"were":[27,43],"treated":[28],"PCA":[30,68],"and":[31,47],"20":[32],"over":[35],"period":[37],"of":[38,51,55,60],"60":[39,49],"d.":[40],"Memory":[41],"functions":[42,76],"evaluated":[44],"at":[45],"baseline":[46],"after":[48],"d":[50],"treatment":[52],"by":[53,80],"means":[54],"battery":[57],"made":[58],"up":[59],"6":[61],"tasks.":[63],"The":[64],"results":[65],"suggest":[66],"that":[67],"is":[69],"effective":[70],"improving":[72],"some":[73],"verbal":[74],"affected":[79],"age-related":[81],"decline.":[83]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}