{"id":"https://openalex.org/W20458530","doi":null,"title":"Automation bias and prescribing decision support \u2013 rates, mediators and mitigators","display_name":"Automation bias and prescribing decision support \u2013 rates, mediators and mitigators","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W20458530","mag":"20458530"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:openaccess.city.ac.uk:3005","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/3005/1/Goddard%2C_Kate.pdf","pdf_url":"https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/3005/1/Goddard%2C_Kate.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401940","display_name":"City Research Online (City University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I180825142","host_organization_name":"City, University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/3005/1/Goddard%2C_Kate.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018066762","display_name":"Kate S. Goddard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5862-6044","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5862-6044"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kate Goddard","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5862-6044","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018066762"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.8452000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.8452000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12574","display_name":"Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills","score":0.08370000123977661,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2714","display_name":"Family Practice"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.03420000150799751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation-bias","display_name":"automation bias","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-decision-support-systems","display_name":"clinical decision support systems","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overreliance-on-automation","display_name":"over-reliance on automation","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medication-errors","display_name":"medication errors","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care-prescribing","display_name":"primary care prescribing","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-practitioners","display_name":"general practitioners","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-confidence","display_name":"decision confidence","score":0.47099998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-pressure","display_name":"time pressure","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-difficulty","display_name":"task difficulty","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociotechnical-systems","display_name":"socio-technical systems","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-judgment","display_name":"clinical judgment","score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-decision-making","display_name":"clinical decision-making","score":0.3190000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63527458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133829","display_name":"Clinical decision support system","level":3,"score":0.8713240623474121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.6916153430938721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776548248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12621536","display_name":"Judgement","level":2,"score":0.6446739435195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.5459800958633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4843517541885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4836817681789398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4807469844818115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.4515123665332794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186116695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249226","display_name":"Decision analysis","level":2,"score":0.41140714287757874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.34408605098724365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.34219127893447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.29488617181777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2276262640953064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1304408311843872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:openaccess.city.ac.uk:3005","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/3005/1/Goddard%2C_Kate.pdf","pdf_url":"https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/3005/1/Goddard%2C_Kate.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401940","display_name":"City Research Online (City University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I180825142","host_organization_name":"City, University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:uilis.unsyiah.ac.id:29118","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://uilis.unsyiah.ac.id/opentheses/items/show/29118","pdf_url":"http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/3005/1/Goddard%2C_Kate.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196378","display_name":"UPT. Syiah Kuala University Library (Syiah Kuala University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I187494767","host_organization_name":"Universitas Syiah Kuala","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187494767"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:20458530","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.585373","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:openaccess.city.ac.uk:3005","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/3005/1/Goddard%2C_Kate.pdf","pdf_url":"https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/3005/1/Goddard%2C_Kate.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401940","display_name":"City Research Online (City University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I180825142","host_organization_name":"City, University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W20458530.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W20458530.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":179,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15293240","https://openalex.org/W20087383","https://openalex.org/W94847493","https://openalex.org/W149702705","https://openalex.org/W150828540","https://openalex.org/W150837285","https://openalex.org/W158727920","https://openalex.org/W277836033","https://openalex.org/W297102775","https://openalex.org/W1480574667","https://openalex.org/W1491644571","https://openalex.org/W1492868717","https://openalex.org/W1498710310","https://openalex.org/W1502522668","https://openalex.org/W1506731825","https://openalex.org/W1553537067","https://openalex.org/W1562208008","https://openalex.org/W1563528390","https://openalex.org/W1570886148","https://openalex.org/W1571868071","https://openalex.org/W1583018810","https://openalex.org/W1583487920","https://openalex.org/W1598075240","https://openalex.org/W1654805921","https://openalex.org/W1869541995","https://openalex.org/W1893903295","https://openalex.org/W1946594383","https://openalex.org/W1963918827","https://openalex.org/W1965818261","https://openalex.org/W1966245113","https://openalex.org/W1967950267","https://openalex.org/W1970763050","https://openalex.org/W1971392811","https://openalex.org/W1974133193","https://openalex.org/W1975284817","https://openalex.org/W1975898692","https://openalex.org/W1977954025","https://openalex.org/W1979004942","https://openalex.org/W1980446813","https://openalex.org/W1985907650","https://openalex.org/W1987940077","https://openalex.org/W1988926388","https://openalex.org/W1990229920","https://openalex.org/W1991486227","https://openalex.org/W1992087275","https://openalex.org/W1994852551","https://openalex.org/W1996728935","https://openalex.org/W1999838653","https://openalex.org/W2002043951","https://openalex.org/W2002824888","https://openalex.org/W2002894033","https://openalex.org/W2003480152","https://openalex.org/W2004010223","https://openalex.org/W2004246239","https://openalex.org/W2004409327","https://openalex.org/W2005689781","https://openalex.org/W2007567868","https://openalex.org/W2007868748","https://openalex.org/W2008519433","https://openalex.org/W2010158189","https://openalex.org/W2010786659","https://openalex.org/W2012868776","https://openalex.org/W2013271930","https://openalex.org/W2013706164","https://openalex.org/W2014365331","https://openalex.org/W2015399354","https://openalex.org/W2017085231","https://openalex.org/W2020463305","https://openalex.org/W2021157252","https://openalex.org/W2021955540","https://openalex.org/W2024575991","https://openalex.org/W2025486241","https://openalex.org/W2025552795","https://openalex.org/W2029124207","https://openalex.org/W2030028297","https://openalex.org/W2030069582","https://openalex.org/W2032426551","https://openalex.org/W2034344216","https://openalex.org/W2037124948","https://openalex.org/W2039674130","https://openalex.org/W2042215231","https://openalex.org/W2042873619","https://openalex.org/W2051556928","https://openalex.org/W2051954076","https://openalex.org/W2051980553","https://openalex.org/W2054845757","https://openalex.org/W2055778548","https://openalex.org/W2056406008","https://openalex.org/W2057333762","https://openalex.org/W2059798728","https://openalex.org/W2062672584","https://openalex.org/W2063447370","https://openalex.org/W2063649921","https://openalex.org/W2064100738","https://openalex.org/W2065821324","https://openalex.org/W2066358405","https://openalex.org/W2066695383","https://openalex.org/W2069340802","https://openalex.org/W2072685934","https://openalex.org/W2072992844","https://openalex.org/W2073962065","https://openalex.org/W2078278639","https://openalex.org/W2078903505","https://openalex.org/W2080880848","https://openalex.org/W2081011876","https://openalex.org/W2083085858","https://openalex.org/W2085204241","https://openalex.org/W2086763340","https://openalex.org/W2091656550","https://openalex.org/W2092919341","https://openalex.org/W2093719660","https://openalex.org/W2096648510","https://openalex.org/W2099367067","https://openalex.org/W2100151043","https://openalex.org/W2100379340","https://openalex.org/W2100684166","https://openalex.org/W2101049671","https://openalex.org/W2102654343","https://openalex.org/W2107202356","https://openalex.org/W2112978565","https://openalex.org/W2114609598","https://openalex.org/W2115441252","https://openalex.org/W2115516678","https://openalex.org/W2118132234","https://openalex.org/W2118185477","https://openalex.org/W2121244411","https://openalex.org/W2121875558","https://openalex.org/W2122484368","https://openalex.org/W2123179704","https://openalex.org/W2123218361","https://openalex.org/W2124002192","https://openalex.org/W2124214055","https://openalex.org/W2127021448","https://openalex.org/W2128504617","https://openalex.org/W2129001561","https://openalex.org/W2133835457","https://openalex.org/W2134155359","https://openalex.org/W2134361987","https://openalex.org/W2134370129","https://openalex.org/W2134994763","https://openalex.org/W2136850150","https://openalex.org/W2136991813","https://openalex.org/W2138216392","https://openalex.org/W2139888542","https://openalex.org/W2141222241","https://openalex.org/W2142610581","https://openalex.org/W2144912916","https://openalex.org/W2146359953","https://openalex.org/W2146948159","https://openalex.org/W2147392138","https://openalex.org/W2148284486","https://openalex.org/W2149408972","https://openalex.org/W2149896325","https://openalex.org/W2150116524","https://openalex.org/W2150364062","https://openalex.org/W2150412766","https://openalex.org/W2151062237","https://openalex.org/W2151860293","https://openalex.org/W2152522287","https://openalex.org/W2153608242","https://openalex.org/W2155682868","https://openalex.org/W2159071801","https://openalex.org/W2162040788","https://openalex.org/W2163102188","https://openalex.org/W2163888106","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W2168569455","https://openalex.org/W2170202608","https://openalex.org/W2183421610","https://openalex.org/W2213050924","https://openalex.org/W2281090488","https://openalex.org/W2282633014","https://openalex.org/W2298847684","https://openalex.org/W2313311969","https://openalex.org/W2334884534","https://openalex.org/W2466333951","https://openalex.org/W2491890116","https://openalex.org/W2946680790","https://openalex.org/W4243342770"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1922843089","https://openalex.org/W2281090488","https://openalex.org/W1480907877","https://openalex.org/W2792137261","https://openalex.org/W6946179146","https://openalex.org/W2403627085","https://openalex.org/W6964414656","https://openalex.org/W2058315996","https://openalex.org/W2779974493","https://openalex.org/W4414055644"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose:":[0],"Computerised":[1],"clinical":[2,17,35,81,220,354,719,854],"decision":[3,18,84,213,349,578,592,691,708,716,725,784],"support":[4,214,841],"systems":[5,861],"(CDSS)":[6],"are":[7,264],"implemented":[8],"within":[9,125,364],"healthcare":[10,127,440],"settings":[11],"as":[12,468,473,589,702],"a":[13,101,132,203,245,257,298,318,439,608,617,667,687,789,814],"method":[14],"to":[15,30,66,99,134,142,158,172,226,285,316,337,366,373,416,419,524,536,570,598,616,663,666,678,681,739,742,767,833],"improve":[16,31],"quality,":[19],"safety":[20],"and":[21,23,34,58,83,104,150,155,161,178,221,232,253,267,331,353,381,398,403,437,459,470,495,516,693,710,774,821,840,860],"effectiveness,":[22],"ultimately":[24,332],"patient":[25],"outcomes.":[26],"Though":[27],"CDSSs":[28],"tend":[29],"practitioner":[32],"performance":[33],"outcomes,":[36],"relatively":[37],"little":[38,123],"is":[39,52,88,140,297,788,813],"known":[40,89],"about":[41],"specific":[42,287,640,706],"impact":[43,184,210],"of":[44,61,64,146,166,175,182,185,191,206,211,237,259,300,321,326,358,385,431,492,499,513,520,563,582,587,604,612,620,627,633,715,734,745,759,837],"inaccurate":[45],"CDSS":[46,56,65,263,272,347,351,377,575,609,777,797],"output":[47],"on":[48,215,239],"clinicians.":[49],"Although":[50],"there":[51,296],"high":[53,383],"heterogeneity":[54],"between":[55,690,756],"types":[57],"studies,":[59],"reviews":[60,308],"the":[62,91,126,144,163,176,180,183,189,209,230,292,310,323,374,382,432,448,493,500,511,517,558,564,577,623,705,748,792,800],"ability":[63],"prevent":[67,525],"medication":[68],"errors":[69,111],"through":[70,429,438],"incorrect":[71,93,399,496,599,673,683],"decisions":[72,217,549,659,674],"have":[73,131,752],"generally":[74,778],"been":[75,753],"consistently":[76],"positive,":[77],"working":[78],"by":[79,405,488,591,829],"improving":[80],"judgement":[82,845,855],"making.":[85],"However,":[86,291,622],"it":[87],"that":[90,262,268],"occasional":[92],"advice":[94,137,490,497,521,560,601,656,671,831,838],"given":[95],"may":[96,629,826],"tempt":[97],"users":[98,130],"reverse":[100],"correct":[102,397,489,595,668],"decision,":[103],"thus":[105],"introduce":[106],"new":[107],"errors.":[108],"These":[109],"systematic":[110,204,254,293],"can":[112,169,274],"stem":[113],"from":[114,188,276,594],"Automation":[115,811],"Bias":[116],"(AB),":[117],"an":[118,234,327,334,369,682,804],"effect":[119,749,758,816],"which":[120,365,546,568],"has":[121],"had":[122],"investigation":[124],"field,":[128],"where":[129],"tendency":[133],"use":[135],"automated":[136,212],"heuristically.":[138],"Research":[139],"required":[141],"assess":[143],"rate":[145,384,562,586,611,714,733],"AB,":[147,330,588],"identify":[148,227],"factors":[149,269,341,700],"situations":[151],"involved":[152,270,312],"in":[153,229,271,313,379,447,505,580,638,704,776,791],"overreliance":[154],"propose":[156],"says":[157],"mitigate":[159],"risk":[160],"refine":[162],"appropriate":[164],"usage":[165],"CDSS;":[167],"this":[168,305,639,847],"provide":[170],"information":[171],"promote":[173],"awareness":[174,836],"effect,":[177],"ensure":[179],"maximisation":[181],"benefits":[186],"gained":[187],"implementation":[190],"CDSS.":[192],"Background:":[193],"A":[194],"broader":[195],"literature":[196,231,251,545,794,802],"review":[197,205,252,255,294],"was":[198,362,414,453,533,566,602,657,672,686,721,736],"carried":[199],"out":[200,368],"coupled":[201],"with":[202,395,543,723,783,817],"studies":[207],"investigating":[208,795],"user":[216],"over":[218],"various":[219,818],"non-clinical":[222],"domains.":[223],"This":[224],"aimed":[225],"gaps":[228],"build":[233],"evidence-based":[235],"model":[236,320],"reliance":[238],"Decision":[240,411],"Support":[241,412],"Systems":[242],"(DSS),":[243],"particularly":[244],"bias":[246,315,812],"towards":[247],"over-using":[248],"automation.":[249],"The":[250,307,356,451,528,574,585,732,755],"revealed":[256,295],"number":[258,744],"postulates":[260],"-":[261,614],"socio-technical":[265],"systems,":[266],"misuse":[273],"vary":[275],"overarching":[277],"social":[278],"or":[279],"cultural":[280],"factors,":[281],"individual":[282,553,642],"cognitive":[283],"variables":[284,311],"more":[286,661,676,698,724],"technology":[288],"design":[289],"issues.":[290],"paucity":[299],"deliberate":[301],"empirical":[302,335,370,449,850],"evidence":[303,375],"for":[304,329,434,462,808],"effect.":[306],"identified":[309],"automation":[314,809],"develop":[317],"conceptual":[319],"overreliance,":[322],"initial":[324],"development":[325],"ontology":[328],"inform":[333],"study":[336,452],"investigate":[338],"persuasive":[339],"potential":[340,819],"involved:":[342],"task":[343,507,711],"difficulty,":[344],"time":[345,501,530,760],"pressure,":[346],"trust,":[348],"confidence,":[350,709],"experience":[352,720,773],"experience.":[355],"domain":[357],"primary":[359],"care":[360],"prescribing":[361,386,393,406,464,475,480,583],"chosen":[363],"carry":[367],"study,":[371],"due":[372,535,741,766],"supporting":[376],"usefulness":[378],"prescribing,":[380],"error.":[387,695],"Empirical":[388],"Study":[389],"Methodology:":[390],"Twenty":[391],"simulated":[392],"scenarios":[394,418,476],"associated":[396,722,782],"answers":[400],"were":[401,425,482,486,522,660,675,779],"developed":[402],"validated":[404],"experts.":[407],"An":[408],"online":[409],"Clinical":[410],"Simulator":[413],"used":[415],"display":[417],"users.":[420],"NHS":[421],"General":[422],"Practitioners":[423],"(GPs)":[424],"contacted":[426],"via":[427],"emails":[428],"associates":[430],"Centre":[433],"Health":[435],"Informatics,":[436],"mailing":[441],"list":[442],"company.":[443],"Twenty-six":[444],"GPs":[445],"participated":[446],"study.":[450],"designed":[454],"so":[455],"each":[456],"participant":[457,643,651],"viewed":[458],"gave":[460],"prescriptions":[461],"20":[463],"scenarios,":[465],"10":[466,471],"coded":[467,472],"\u201chard\u201d":[469],"\u201cmedium\u201d":[474],"(N":[477,652],"=":[478,653],"520":[479],"cases":[481,554,606],"answered":[483],"overall).":[484],"Scenarios":[485],"accompanied":[487],"70%":[491,613],"time,":[494],"30%":[498],"(in":[502],"equal":[503],"proportions":[504],"either":[506],"difficulty":[508,712],"condition).":[509],"Both":[510],"order":[512,526],"scenario":[514],"presentation":[515],"correct/incorrect":[518],"nature":[519],"randomised":[523],"effects.":[527],"planned":[529],"pressure":[531,761],"condition":[532],"dropped":[534],"low":[537,743,768],"response":[538,769],"rate.":[539,770],"Results:":[540],"To":[541],"compare":[542],"previous":[544],"took":[547],"overall":[548],"into":[550,555,648],"account,":[551],"taking":[552],"account":[556],"(N=520),":[557],"pre":[559,596],"accuracy":[561,579,610],"clinicians":[565],"50.4%,":[567],"improved":[569,576],"58.3%":[571],"post":[572,600],"advice.":[573],"13.1%":[581],"cases.":[584],"measured":[590],"switches":[593],"advice,":[597],"5.2%":[603],"all":[605],"at":[607],"leading":[615],"net":[618],"improvement":[619],"8%.":[621],"above":[624],"by-case":[625],"type":[626],"analysis":[628],"not":[630,728,763,780,863],"enable":[631],"generalisation":[632],"results":[634],"(but":[635,727],"illustrates":[636],"rates":[637],"situation);":[641],"differences":[644],"must":[645,856],"be":[646,664,679,764,827,858,864],"taken":[647],"account.":[649],"By":[650,696],"26)":[654],"when":[655,670],"correct,":[658],"likely":[662,677],"switched":[665,680],"prescription,":[669],"prescription.":[684],"There":[685,787],"significant":[688],"correlation":[689],"switching":[692,726],"AB":[694,730,735],"participant,":[697],"immediate":[699],"such":[701],"trust":[703,775],"CDSS,":[707],"influenced":[713],"switching.":[717,785],"Lower":[718],"higher":[729],"rate).":[731],"somewhat":[737],"problematic":[738],"analyse":[740],"instances":[746],"\u2013":[747,846],"could":[750,762],"potentially":[751],"greater.":[754],"subjects":[757],"investigated":[765],"Age,":[771],"DSS":[772],"significantly":[781],"Conclusion:":[786],"gap":[790],"current":[793],"inappropriate":[796],"use,":[798],"but":[799],"general":[801],"supports":[803],"interactive":[805],"multi-factorial":[806],"aetiology":[807],"misuse.":[810],"consistent":[815],"direct":[820],"indirect":[822],"causal":[823],"factors.":[824],"It":[825],"mitigated":[828],"altering":[830],"characteristics":[832],"aid":[834],"clinicians\u2019":[835],"correctness":[839],"their":[842],"own":[843,853],"informed":[844],"needs":[848],"further":[849],"investigation.":[851],"Users\u2019":[852],"always":[857],"maintained,":[859],"should":[862],"followed":[865],"unquestioningly.":[866]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
