{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2045835005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1981.6","title":"Focal Cerebral Ischaemia in the Rat: 1. Description of Technique and Early Neuropathological Consequences following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion","display_name":"Focal Cerebral Ischaemia in the Rat: 1. Description of Technique and Early Neuropathological Consequences following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion","publication_year":1981,"publication_date":"1981-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2045835005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1981.6","mag":"2045835005","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7328138"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/jcbfm.1981.6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1981.6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1981.6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S89339265","display_name":"Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism","issn_l":"0271-678X","issn":["0271-678X","1559-7016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005634038","display_name":"Akira Tamura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5589-8063","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5589-8063"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Tamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wellcome Surgical Institute, University of Glasgow, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wellcome Surgical Institute, University of Glasgow, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113605474","display_name":"D. Graham","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. I. Graham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuropathology, University of Glasgow, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuropathology, University of Glasgow, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051451520","display_name":"James McCulloch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6215-2427","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6215-2427"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. McCulloch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wellcome Surgical Institute, University of Glasgow, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wellcome Surgical Institute, University of Glasgow, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012315167","display_name":"Graham M. Teasdale","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. M. Teasdale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, University of Glasgow, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Glasgow, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"apc_list":{"value":4200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4200},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.6518,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1436,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98574177,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":"53","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10227","display_name":"Acute Ischemic Stroke Management","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10227","display_name":"Acute Ischemic Stroke Management","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14144","display_name":"Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.016899999231100082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13796","display_name":"Neuroprotection in Cerebral Ischemia","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focal-cerebral-ischemia","display_name":"focal cerebral ischemia","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-cerebral-artery-occlusion","display_name":"middle cerebral artery occlusion","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rat-model","display_name":"rat model","score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-cortex-damage","display_name":"cerebral cortex damage","score":0.5339999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basal-ganglia","display_name":"basal ganglia","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neostriatum","display_name":"neostriatum","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frontal-cortex","display_name":"frontal cortex","score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-technique","display_name":"surgical technique","score":0.5070000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781156865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827023","display_name":"Lesion","level":2,"score":0.5762928128242493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541997718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188151","display_name":"Ischemia","level":2,"score":0.5577220320701599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5568860769271851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775841333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q498179","display_name":"Middle cerebral artery","level":3,"score":0.5554239153862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777348757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2346577","display_name":"Cortex (anatomy)","level":2,"score":0.5384153723716736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781041448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75839","display_name":"Cerebral cortex","level":2,"score":0.5297026634216309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778187257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q464210","display_name":"Basal ganglia","level":3,"score":0.527137041091919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.44431257247924805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780062018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1319792","display_name":"Striatum","level":3,"score":0.426395058631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.42306575179100037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776268601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q968808","display_name":"Occlusion","level":2,"score":0.41265127062797546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.28910917043685913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.2347056269645691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.20489227771759033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.19089791178703308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.08718550205230713}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001157","descriptor_name":"Arterial Occlusive Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002421","descriptor_name":"Caudate Nucleus","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002540","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002545","descriptor_name":"Brain Ischemia","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002545","descriptor_name":"Brain Ischemia","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008722","descriptor_name":"Methods","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011919","descriptor_name":"Rats, Inbred Strains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/jcbfm.1981.6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1981.6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1981.6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S89339265","display_name":"Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism","issn_l":"0271-678X","issn":["0271-678X","1559-7016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7328138","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7328138","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8560000061988831}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","display_name":"Wellcome Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/029chgv08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W121988005","https://openalex.org/W125303941","https://openalex.org/W439013924","https://openalex.org/W1574637310","https://openalex.org/W1965710147","https://openalex.org/W1966639369","https://openalex.org/W1972890541","https://openalex.org/W1976683491","https://openalex.org/W1983237808","https://openalex.org/W1983468192","https://openalex.org/W1995017022","https://openalex.org/W2008321463","https://openalex.org/W2013833441","https://openalex.org/W2019264254","https://openalex.org/W2022357814","https://openalex.org/W2029035191","https://openalex.org/W2031710238","https://openalex.org/W2032836337","https://openalex.org/W2034528524","https://openalex.org/W2038909506","https://openalex.org/W2043830871","https://openalex.org/W2044239486","https://openalex.org/W2050769543","https://openalex.org/W2058878434","https://openalex.org/W2070390843","https://openalex.org/W2071686112","https://openalex.org/W2071697425","https://openalex.org/W2073720976","https://openalex.org/W2076258997","https://openalex.org/W2080541228","https://openalex.org/W2087328046","https://openalex.org/W2087399642","https://openalex.org/W2090041218","https://openalex.org/W2090747618","https://openalex.org/W2113478259","https://openalex.org/W2131297629","https://openalex.org/W2141899399","https://openalex.org/W2155606673","https://openalex.org/W2157327225","https://openalex.org/W2319511828","https://openalex.org/W2464379742","https://openalex.org/W2780526305"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6995454928","https://openalex.org/W2016971837","https://openalex.org/W2034528524","https://openalex.org/W2032101586","https://openalex.org/W2296989470","https://openalex.org/W2121772190","https://openalex.org/W2166020125","https://openalex.org/W3151726839","https://openalex.org/W1979480050","https://openalex.org/W7101100549"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"procedure":[1],"for":[2],"occluding":[3],"the":[4,7,13,68,71,88,103,107,109,120,140,146,162,177],"stem":[5],"of":[6,12,63,70,106,176,179],"proximal":[8],"middle":[9],"cerebral":[10],"artery":[11,73],"rat":[14],"is":[15,19,170],"described.":[16],"The":[17,50,93,130,152],"operation":[18],"performed":[20],"under":[21],"anaesthesia":[22],"through":[23],"a":[24,40,156,166],"small":[25,141],"subtemporal":[26],"craniectomy.":[27],"After":[28],"occlusion,":[29],"3":[30],"animals":[31],"were":[32,52,114,126],"perfused":[33],"with":[34,39,54],"carbon":[35],"block":[36],"and":[37,48,90,111,123,185],"8":[38],"FAM":[41],"fixative":[42],"(40%":[43],"formaldehyde,":[44],"glacial":[45],"acetic":[46],"acid,":[47],"methanol).":[49],"findings":[51],"compared":[53],"sham-operated":[55,150],"animals.":[56,151],"Carbon":[57],"black":[58],"studies":[59,78],"demonstrated":[60],"an":[61],"area":[62],"impaired":[64],"perfusion":[65],"corresponding":[66],"to":[67,154,173],"territory":[69],"occluded":[72],"in":[74,87,98,116,149,161],"each":[75],"animal.":[76],"Neuropathological":[77],"invariably":[79],"showed":[80],"that":[81,169],"there":[82],"was":[83,96,102],"ischaemic":[84,159],"brain":[85,164],"damage":[86,131],"cortex":[89,95,113,122],"basal":[91],"ganglia.":[92],"frontal":[94],"involved":[97,115,127],"every":[99],"animal,":[100],"as":[101],"lateral":[104],"part":[105],"neostriatum;":[108],"sensorimotor":[110],"auditory":[112],"most":[117],"animals,":[118],"whereas":[119],"occipital":[121],"medial":[124],"striatum":[125],"only":[128],"infrequently.":[129],"produced":[132],"by":[133],"ischaemia":[134,180],"could":[135],"be":[136],"readily":[137],"distinguished":[138],"from":[139],"local":[142],"lesion":[143,160],"seen":[144],"at":[145],"surgical":[147],"site":[148],"ability":[153],"produce":[155],"consistent":[157],"focal":[158],"rodent":[163],"provides":[165],"technical":[167],"approach":[168],"sufficiently":[171],"reproducible":[172],"enable":[174],"investigation":[175],"pathophysiology":[178],"using":[181],"recently":[182],"developed":[183],"autoradiographic":[184],"neurochemical":[186],"methods.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":38}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}