{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2045752007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/600754","title":"Acoustical Studies of Mandarin Vowels and Tones","display_name":"Acoustical Studies of Mandarin Vowels and Tones","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2045752007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/600754","mag":"2045752007"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/600754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/600754","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/600754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146822473","display_name":"Journal of the American Oriental Society","issn_l":"0003-0279","issn":["0003-0279","2169-2289"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315906","host_organization_name":"American Oriental Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315906"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Oriental Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Oriental Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029675450","display_name":"Harold Clumeck","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harold Clumeck","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035435951","display_name":"John Marshall Howie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Marshall Howie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.624,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":289,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75151668,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"97","issue":"3","first_page":"345","last_page":"345"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12768","display_name":"Linguistics and language evolution","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13623","display_name":"Linguistic Studies and Language Acquisition","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandarin-chinese","display_name":"Mandarin Chinese","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vowels","display_name":"vowels","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tone","display_name":"tone","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formant-frequencies","display_name":"formant frequencies","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fundamental-frequency","display_name":"fundamental frequency","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-phonetics","display_name":"acoustic phonetics","score":0.824999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138954614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9192","display_name":"Mandarin Chinese","level":2,"score":0.9345570802688599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.4167887568473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4008341133594513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.39175426959991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3250423073768616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1898261308670044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.13215363025665283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06683790683746338}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/600754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/600754","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/600754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146822473","display_name":"Journal of the American Oriental Society","issn_l":"0003-0279","issn":["0003-0279","2169-2289"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315906","host_organization_name":"American Oriental Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315906"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Oriental Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Oriental Society","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6399999856948853}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W583770020","https://openalex.org/W3134833992","https://openalex.org/W2059779510","https://openalex.org/W7045301526","https://openalex.org/W584639355","https://openalex.org/W6893573122","https://openalex.org/W2011366635","https://openalex.org/W4415667214","https://openalex.org/W7099641058","https://openalex.org/W2030363412"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"1.":[0],"Introduction":[1],"2.":[2],"Formant":[3],"frequencies":[4],"of":[5,11],"the":[6,12],"vowels":[7],"3.":[8],"Fundamental":[9],"frequency":[10],"tones":[13],"4.":[14],"Summary":[15],"and":[16],"proposals":[17],"for":[18],"further":[19],"work":[20],"Selected":[21],"bibliography":[22],"Appendix":[23,25,27],"A":[24],"B":[26],"C.":[28]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}