{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2045696380","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00042307-200009000-00009","title":"The effects of androgen deprivation on the prostate gland: cell death mediated by vascular regression","display_name":"The effects of androgen deprivation on the prostate gland: cell death mediated by vascular regression","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2045696380","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00042307-200009000-00009","mag":"2045696380","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11005445"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00042307-200009000-00009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00042307-200009000-00009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00042307-200009000-00009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110589544","display_name":"Current Opinion in Urology","issn_l":"0963-0643","issn":["0963-0643","1473-6586"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Opinion in Urology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088350338","display_name":"Ralph Buttyan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184203498","display_name":"Greater Manchester Police","ror":"https://ror.org/03crdwy95","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184203498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799503643","display_name":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01esghr10","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799503643"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ralph Buttyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Department of Urology, The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. rb46@columbia.edu","AR: androgen receptor","Dr Ralph Buttyan, The Department of Urology,The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, Atchley Pavilion 11th Floor, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA. Tel: +1 212 305 1574","The Department of Urology, The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, USA","cGMP: cyclic GMP","e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","fax: +1 212 3051564"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Urology, The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. rb46@columbia.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799503643","https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AR: androgen receptor","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr Ralph Buttyan, The Department of Urology,The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, Atchley Pavilion 11th Floor, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA. Tel: +1 212 305 1574","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799503643","https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Urology, The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"cGMP: cyclic GMP","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184203498"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"fax: +1 212 3051564","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039585199","display_name":"Mohamed A. Abdel Ghafar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7907-3613","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7907-3613"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184203498","display_name":"Greater Manchester Police","ror":"https://ror.org/03crdwy95","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184203498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed A. Ghafar","raw_affiliation_strings":["AR: androgen receptor","The Department of Urology, The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, USA","cGMP: cyclic GMP"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AR: androgen receptor","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Urology, The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"cGMP: cyclic GMP","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184203498"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008039593","display_name":"Ahmad Shabsigh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1376-4977","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1376-4977"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184203498","display_name":"Greater Manchester Police","ror":"https://ror.org/03crdwy95","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184203498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Shabsigh","raw_affiliation_strings":["AR: androgen receptor","The Department of Urology, The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, USA","cGMP: cyclic GMP"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AR: androgen receptor","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Urology, The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"cGMP: cyclic GMP","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184203498"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.3642,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":92,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9554881,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"5","first_page":"415","last_page":"420"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10543","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10543","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10279","display_name":"Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10124","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/androgen-deprivation-therapy","display_name":"androgen deprivation therapy","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-regression","display_name":"prostate regression","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apoptosis","display_name":"apoptosis","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vascular-regression","display_name":"vascular regression","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ischemia","display_name":"ischemia","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypoxia","display_name":"hypoxia","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/androgen-receptor","display_name":"androgen receptor","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programmed-cell-death","display_name":"programmed cell death","score":0.5410000085830688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776235491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9625","display_name":"Prostate","level":3,"score":0.8050669431686401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7729673981666565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777911890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62614","display_name":"Androgen","level":3,"score":0.6895814538002014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196822366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270524","display_name":"Parenchyma","level":2,"score":0.5571902990341187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780192828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181257","display_name":"Prostate cancer","level":3,"score":0.5414254069328308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61367390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416601","display_name":"Androgen receptor","level":4,"score":0.5100274682044983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5091113448143005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31573885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q304484","display_name":"Programmed cell death","level":3,"score":0.5048952698707581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.5029885172843933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190283241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14599311","display_name":"Apoptosis","level":2,"score":0.4146888852119446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.21844980120658875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.16081830859184265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71315377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364","display_name":"Hormone","level":2,"score":0.10251307487487793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.05426758527755737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000726","descriptor_name":"Androgen Antagonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000728","descriptor_name":"Androgens","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002369","descriptor_name":"Castration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011467","descriptor_name":"Prostate","qualifier_ui":"Q000098","qualifier_name":"blood supply","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011467","descriptor_name":"Prostate","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011471","descriptor_name":"Prostatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012039","descriptor_name":"Regional Blood Flow","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017209","descriptor_name":"Apoptosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00042307-200009000-00009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00042307-200009000-00009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00042307-200009000-00009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110589544","display_name":"Current Opinion in Urology","issn_l":"0963-0643","issn":["0963-0643","1473-6586"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Opinion in Urology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11005445","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11005445","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current opinion in urology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W33945121","https://openalex.org/W140697957","https://openalex.org/W1484618897","https://openalex.org/W1561662137","https://openalex.org/W1964198248","https://openalex.org/W1964660524","https://openalex.org/W1968608224","https://openalex.org/W1970513304","https://openalex.org/W1974667009","https://openalex.org/W1984935646","https://openalex.org/W1989557512","https://openalex.org/W1989866174","https://openalex.org/W1990832961","https://openalex.org/W1995917709","https://openalex.org/W2000483250","https://openalex.org/W2003985770","https://openalex.org/W2013464193","https://openalex.org/W2032490803","https://openalex.org/W2056951478","https://openalex.org/W2081197593","https://openalex.org/W2088504180","https://openalex.org/W2090218413","https://openalex.org/W2095378062","https://openalex.org/W2157201513","https://openalex.org/W2179702494","https://openalex.org/W2403831902","https://openalex.org/W2474712359","https://openalex.org/W4247981741","https://openalex.org/W4255428940"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2056951478","https://openalex.org/W2166554521","https://openalex.org/W4311724082","https://openalex.org/W2732649960","https://openalex.org/W2000725965","https://openalex.org/W1984440848","https://openalex.org/W2019514805","https://openalex.org/W3149775697","https://openalex.org/W1590842919","https://openalex.org/W156326090"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Androgenic":[0],"steroids":[1],"are":[2,123],"required":[3],"to":[4,46,66,77,104,116,154],"maintain":[5],"the":[6,10,33,40,51,53,72,85,101,117,130,146,149,155,158],"prostate":[7,27,37,56,75,86,150,159],"gland":[8],"in":[9,50],"adult":[11],"state.":[12],"Consistent":[13],"with":[14,59],"this":[15],"requirement,":[16],"androgen":[17,60,73,139],"deprivation":[18,61],"therapies":[19],"typically":[20],"induce":[21],"a":[22,68,110,135],"drastic":[23,111],"regression":[24,87,147,156],"of":[25,36,55,71,84,100,113,138,148,157],"mature":[26],"tissue":[28,118,167],"that":[29,90,119,129,145],"is":[30,134],"accompanied":[31],"by":[32,96,109,166],"extensive":[34],"loss":[35,54],"cells":[38,57,76],"through":[39,162],"programmed":[41],"cell":[42,163],"death":[43,164],"process":[44,88],"referred":[45],"as":[47],"apoptosis.":[48],"Whereas,":[49],"past,":[52],"associated":[58],"has":[62],"generally":[63],"been":[64],"perceived":[65],"be":[67,94],"direct":[69],"response":[70,99],"receptor-expressing":[74],"an":[78,97,105],"androgen-depleted":[79],"environment,":[80],"more":[81],"recent":[82],"studies":[83],"suggest":[89],"it":[91],"might":[92],"instead":[93],"initiated":[95],"indirect":[98],"prostatic":[102,131],"parenchyma":[103,151],"ischemic/hypoxic":[106],"environment":[107],"caused":[108],"reduction":[112],"blood":[114],"flow":[115],"occurs":[120,152],"when":[121],"androgens":[122],"withdrawn.":[124],"This":[125],"article":[126],"reviews":[127],"evidence":[128,143],"vascular":[132,160],"system":[133,161],"primary":[136],"target":[137],"action":[140],"and":[141],"other":[142],"suggesting":[144],"secondarily":[153],"mediated":[165],"ischemia/hypoxia.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}