{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2045362140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01787.x","title":"Perceptions and Attitudes of Black Students toward School, Achievement, and Other Educational Variables","display_name":"Perceptions and Attitudes of Black Students toward School, Achievement, and Other Educational Variables","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2045362140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01787.x","mag":"2045362140","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8706514"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01787.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01787.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01787.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109723506","display_name":"Child Development","issn_l":"0009-3920","issn":["0009-3920","1467-8624"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Child Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109486217","display_name":"Donna Y. Ford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5853-7463","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5853-7463"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donna Y. Ford","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Virginia'"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia'","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103027545","display_name":"J. John Harris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8021-2251","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8021-2251"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. John Harris","raw_affiliation_strings":["#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Univ. of Kentucky#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# Univ. of Kentucky#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4320,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4320},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3401,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":117,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93316274,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"3","first_page":"1141","last_page":"1152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10547","display_name":"Education, Achievement, and Giftedness","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10547","display_name":"Education, Achievement, and Giftedness","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11384","display_name":"Critical Race Theory in Education","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/young-adolescents","display_name":"early adolescents","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attitudes-toward-school","display_name":"attitudes toward school","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-relationships","display_name":"peer relationships","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-adjustment","display_name":"psychological adjustment","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gifted-education","display_name":"gifted education","score":0.4350000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8060349225997925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6578941941261292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781206393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748419","display_name":"Academic achievement","level":2,"score":0.6129209995269775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.4816650152206421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.4299304485321045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4209586977958679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.42084482312202454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000124","descriptor_name":"Achievement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001290","descriptor_name":"Attitude","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001741","descriptor_name":"Black or African American","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002672","descriptor_name":"Child, Gifted","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004493","descriptor_name":"Education","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007389","descriptor_name":"Internal-External Control","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009042","descriptor_name":"Motivation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010287","descriptor_name":"Parent-Child Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010379","descriptor_name":"Peer Group","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010552","descriptor_name":"Personality Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012931","descriptor_name":"Social Environment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01787.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01787.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01787.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109723506","display_name":"Child Development","issn_l":"0009-3920","issn":["0009-3920","1467-8624"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Child Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8706514","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8706514","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Child development","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9235000014305115,"display_name":"Quality education"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7578999996185303,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17679984","https://openalex.org/W288630094","https://openalex.org/W612243507","https://openalex.org/W1574501441","https://openalex.org/W1584696291","https://openalex.org/W1648822858","https://openalex.org/W1822179703","https://openalex.org/W1953506142","https://openalex.org/W1977554162","https://openalex.org/W1980150834","https://openalex.org/W1990932784","https://openalex.org/W2000029032","https://openalex.org/W2007585292","https://openalex.org/W2009343962","https://openalex.org/W2018271642","https://openalex.org/W2028995220","https://openalex.org/W2033994279","https://openalex.org/W2039301076","https://openalex.org/W2040086760","https://openalex.org/W2044361523","https://openalex.org/W2056493316","https://openalex.org/W2057467503","https://openalex.org/W2065120703","https://openalex.org/W2067003736","https://openalex.org/W2067665008","https://openalex.org/W2089305534","https://openalex.org/W2092421509","https://openalex.org/W2098385308","https://openalex.org/W2103810323","https://openalex.org/W2122630700","https://openalex.org/W2134040129","https://openalex.org/W2144004124","https://openalex.org/W2145946706","https://openalex.org/W2151886838","https://openalex.org/W2158118488","https://openalex.org/W2468383091","https://openalex.org/W2729513300","https://openalex.org/W2731407028","https://openalex.org/W2735514126","https://openalex.org/W4200152179","https://openalex.org/W4236316364","https://openalex.org/W4256445473","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4298488125"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W19442333","https://openalex.org/W2087983954","https://openalex.org/W2036964231","https://openalex.org/W7100830551","https://openalex.org/W2147622150","https://openalex.org/W2159736716","https://openalex.org/W1648822858","https://openalex.org/W3201803017","https://openalex.org/W1995427192","https://openalex.org/W7099896231"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"provide":[1],"data":[2],"on":[3],"the":[4,20,73,91,98,112,116],"perceptions":[5,59,85],"and":[6,16,41,58,65,84,102,115,123],"attitudes":[7,57,76,79],"of":[8,22,72,86],"gifted":[9,23,43,51,63,94],"Black":[10,24,32,52,95],"early":[11],"adolescents":[12],"toward":[13,77,80],"school,":[14,78],"achievement,":[15],"other":[17],"educational":[18],"variables,":[19],"responses":[21],"students":[25,33,53,64,68,96,110],"(n":[26,38,45],"=":[27,39,46],"48)":[28],"were":[29,97,111],"compared":[30],"to":[31,70],"in":[34],"a":[35],"regular":[36,66,108],"education":[37,67,109],"50)":[40],"potentially":[42,62],"program":[44],"50).":[47],"Results":[48],"indicate":[49],"that":[50],"held":[54],"significantly":[55],"different":[56],"than":[60],"both":[61],"relative":[69],"principles":[71],"achievement":[74,88,100,106],"ideology,":[75],"academically":[81],"successful":[82],"students,":[83],"parental":[87,105],"orientation.":[89],"Of":[90],"three":[92],"groups,":[93],"most":[99,117],"oriented,":[101],"perceived":[103],"strong":[104],"orientations;":[107],"least":[113],"optimistic":[114],"affected":[118],"by":[119],"negative":[120],"peer":[121],"relations":[122],"psychological":[124],"issues.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}