{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2044867928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.50.57","title":"Effect of chewing a mixture of areca nut and tobacco on periodontal tissues and oral hygiene status","display_name":"Effect of chewing a mixture of areca nut and tobacco on periodontal tissues and oral hygiene status","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2044867928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.50.57","mag":"2044867928","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18403885"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2334/josnusd.50.57","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.50.57","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.50.57","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/josnusd/50/1/50_1_57/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107985729","display_name":"Journal of Oral Science","issn_l":"1343-4934","issn":["1343-4934","1880-4926"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313430","host_organization_name":"Nihon University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313430"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nihon University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Oral Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/josnusd/50/1/50_1_57/_pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112522393","display_name":"Girish Parmar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130008","display_name":"Government Dental College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/039r0r789","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130008"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Girish Parmar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Operative Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Operative Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130008"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044709898","display_name":"Pankaj Sangwan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1851-8978","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1851-8978"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130008","display_name":"Government Dental College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/039r0r789","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130008"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pankaj Sangwan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Operative Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital Campus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Operative Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130008"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071094672","display_name":"Purvi Vashi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130008","display_name":"Government Dental College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/039r0r789","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130008"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Purvi Vashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Operative Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital Campus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Operative Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130008"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108557214","display_name":"Pradip Kulkarni","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37048141","display_name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0492wrx28","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105310","display_name":"National Institute of Occupational Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01praqa56","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210105310"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pradip Kulkarni","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Occupational Health (ICMR)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Occupational Health (ICMR)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210105310"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sunil Kumar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37048141","display_name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0492wrx28","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105310","display_name":"National Institute of Occupational Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01praqa56","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210105310"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunil Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Occupational Health (ICMR)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Occupational Health (ICMR)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210105310"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6976,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":83,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91875747,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"1","first_page":"57","last_page":"62"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10257","display_name":"Oral microbiology and periodontitis research","score":0.9110999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10257","display_name":"Oral microbiology and periodontitis research","score":0.9110999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11452","display_name":"Oral Health Pathology and Treatment","score":0.07980000227689743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10368","display_name":"Dental Health and Care Utilization","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/areca-nut","display_name":"areca nut","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nicotiana-tabacum","display_name":"tobacco","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/periodontium","display_name":"periodontium","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-hygiene","display_name":"oral hygiene","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gingival-bleeding","display_name":"gingival bleeding","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-ulcers","display_name":"oral ulcers","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/periodontal-pockets","display_name":"periodontal pockets","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gingival-recession","display_name":"gingival recession","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-lesions","display_name":"oral lesions","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-hygiene-index","display_name":"oral hygiene index","score":0.6460000276565552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779741799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157289","display_name":"Areca","level":3,"score":0.9588729739189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206391251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1186738","display_name":"Nut","level":2,"score":0.8473412990570068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142083821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1345873","display_name":"Chewing tobacco","level":3,"score":0.6561252474784851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6429002285003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.6043996214866638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C515851188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13445028","display_name":"Oral hygiene","level":2,"score":0.5340043306350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547646559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162297","display_name":"Hygiene","level":2,"score":0.4816402494907379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138040679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3512694","display_name":"Smokeless tobacco","level":4,"score":0.4661860167980194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.4301370680332184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4199545681476593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019190695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7212330","display_name":"Tobacco use","level":3,"score":0.29827016592025757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.17601197957992554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.059126436710357666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001114","descriptor_name":"Areca","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002054","descriptor_name":"Burning Mouth Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003680","descriptor_name":"Deglutition Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005882","descriptor_name":"Gingival Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005884","descriptor_name":"Gingival Hemorrhage","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005889","descriptor_name":"Gingival Recession","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006209","descriptor_name":"Halitosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009059","descriptor_name":"Mouth Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009910","descriptor_name":"Oral Hygiene","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009911","descriptor_name":"Oral Hygiene Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010510","descriptor_name":"Periodontal Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010514","descriptor_name":"Periodontal Pocket","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012737","descriptor_name":"Sex Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014030","descriptor_name":"Tobacco, Smokeless","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019226","descriptor_name":"Oral Ulcer","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2334/josnusd.50.57","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.50.57","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.50.57","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/josnusd/50/1/50_1_57/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107985729","display_name":"Journal of Oral Science","issn_l":"1343-4934","issn":["1343-4934","1880-4926"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313430","host_organization_name":"Nihon University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313430"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nihon University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Oral Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18403885","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18403885","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of oral science","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2334/josnusd.50.57","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.50.57","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.50.57","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/josnusd/50/1/50_1_57/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107985729","display_name":"Journal of Oral Science","issn_l":"1343-4934","issn":["1343-4934","1880-4926"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313430","host_organization_name":"Nihon University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313430"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nihon University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Oral Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2044867928.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2044867928.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973641256","https://openalex.org/W1984516919","https://openalex.org/W1992974353","https://openalex.org/W2016019362","https://openalex.org/W2034129988","https://openalex.org/W2048202404","https://openalex.org/W2071148555","https://openalex.org/W2071333747","https://openalex.org/W2083157947","https://openalex.org/W2101943567","https://openalex.org/W2104239271","https://openalex.org/W2121107917","https://openalex.org/W4291982476","https://openalex.org/W4387515065"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055926817","https://openalex.org/W2266017582","https://openalex.org/W7115904710","https://openalex.org/W7061138384","https://openalex.org/W2060099775","https://openalex.org/W2126598566","https://openalex.org/W2082474628","https://openalex.org/W2411162774","https://openalex.org/W1988638068","https://openalex.org/W2417093666"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,93,169,227],"present":[1,228],"study":[2],"was":[3,134,166],"conducted":[4],"to":[5,144],"clarify":[6],"the":[7,69,77,85,106,112,122,128,153,160,174,177],"effects":[8,241],"of":[9,27,39,84,90,101,164,171,179,249],"chewing":[10,232],"a":[11,36,73,97,118],"quid":[12,233],"containing":[13],"areca":[14,235],"nut":[15,236],"and":[16,21,32,43,88,114,125,140,184,197,224,237,247],"tobacco":[17,238],"on":[18,53,63,173,242],"periodontal":[19,54,91,180,243],"tissue":[20],"oral":[22,56,70,129,145,154,161,222,245,250],"hygiene":[23,57,146,155,162,246],"status.":[24,226],"A":[25],"total":[26],"365":[28],"subjects":[29],"(168":[30],"chewers":[31,214],"197":[33],"non-chewers":[34,141,205],"with":[35,142],"mean":[37],"age":[38],"32.5":[40],"+/-":[41,45],"0.7":[42],"30.4":[44],"0.8":[46],"years,":[47],"respectively)":[48],"were":[49,80,187,215],"enrolled.":[50],"Clinical":[51],"data":[52,229],"tissues,":[55,79,124,244],"status,":[58],"as":[59,61,82],"well":[60],"information":[62],"bleeding":[64,104],"from":[65,105],"gums,":[66,107],"ulcers":[67,126],"in":[68,76,110,121,127,190,193,212],"cavity,":[71],"or":[72],"burning":[74,119],"sensation":[75,120],"soft":[78,123],"collected":[81],"indicators":[83],"possible":[86],"presence":[87],"extent":[89],"lesions.":[92,251],"results":[94],"indicated":[95,158,210],"that":[96,159,231],"significantly":[98,167,188,217],"higher":[99,189,218],"number":[100],"quid-chewers":[102,139,165,191,203],"suffered":[103],"halitosis,":[108],"difficulty":[109],"opening":[111],"mouth":[113],"swallowing":[115],"solid":[116],"food,":[117],"cavity":[130],"than":[131,192],"non-chewers.":[132,194],"There":[133],"no":[135],"significant":[136],"difference":[137],"between":[138],"respect":[143],"measures":[147],"adopted.":[148],"However,":[149],"clinical":[150],"examination":[151],"using":[152,206],"index":[156],"score":[157],"status":[163],"deteriorated.":[168],"effect":[170],"quid-chewing":[172],"periodontium,":[175],"i.e.":[176],"occurrence":[178],"pockets,":[181],"gingival":[182],"lesions":[183],"gum":[185],"recession,":[186],"Age,":[195],"sex":[196],"smoking":[198],"adjusted":[199],"odds":[200],"ratios":[201],"for":[202,220],"against":[204],"logistic":[207],"regression":[208],"analysis":[209],"that,":[211],"general,":[213],"at":[216],"risk":[219],"various":[221],"complaints":[223],"periodontium":[225],"indicate":[230],"comprising":[234],"has":[239],"adverse":[240],"incidence":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}