{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2044710199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/b:jott.0000034127.01889.86","title":"Entrepreneurship from the Ivory Tower: Do Incentive Systems Matter?","display_name":"Entrepreneurship from the Ivory Tower: Do Incentive Systems Matter?","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2044710199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/b:jott.0000034127.01889.86","mag":"2044710199"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/b:jott.0000034127.01889.86","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/b:jott.0000034127.01889.86","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/b:jott.0000034127.01889.86","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185905316","display_name":"The Journal of Technology Transfer","issn_l":"0892-9912","issn":["0892-9912","1573-7047"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-2","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Technology Transfer","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056689725","display_name":"Gideon D. Markman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8039-2846","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8039-2846"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165733156","display_name":"University of Georgia","ror":"https://ror.org/00te3t702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gideon D. Markman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-6256, U.S.A","Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens, U.S.A. E-mail"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-6256, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens, U.S.A. E-mail","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053950365","display_name":"Peter T. Gianiodis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5714-5775","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5714-5775"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165733156","display_name":"University of Georgia","ror":"https://ror.org/00te3t702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter T. Gianiodis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-6256, U.S.A","Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens, U.S.A. E-mail"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-6256, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Terry College of Business, University of Georgia, Athens, U.S.A. E-mail","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009681038","display_name":"Phillip Phan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1366-1604","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1366-1604"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165799507","display_name":"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01rtyzb94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165799507"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phillip H. Phan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lally School of Management & Technology Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St, Troy, NY, 12180-3590, U.S.A","Lally School of Management & Technology Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, U.S.A. E-mail"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lally School of Management & Technology Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St, Troy, NY, 12180-3590, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165799507"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lally School of Management & Technology Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, U.S.A. E-mail","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165799507"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016146388","display_name":"David B. Balkin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3003-2578","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3003-2578"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David B. Balkin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leads School of Business, University of Colorado at, Boulder Boulder, CO, 80309, U.S.A","Leads School of Business, University of Colorado at, Boulder Boulder, U.S.A. E-mail"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leads School of Business, University of Colorado at, Boulder Boulder, CO, 80309, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leads School of Business, University of Colorado at, Boulder Boulder, U.S.A. E-mail","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3790},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":23.1148,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":216,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99116743,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":92,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"3-4","first_page":"353","last_page":"364"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9740999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9740999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14185","display_name":"Research, Science, and Academia","score":0.01549999974668026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13492","display_name":"Science, Technology, and Education in Latin America","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-entrepreneurship","display_name":"university entrepreneurship","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive-mechanisms","display_name":"incentive mechanisms","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-incentives","display_name":"financial incentives","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-technology-transfer-offices","display_name":"university technology transfer offices","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inventor-compensation","display_name":"inventor compensation","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-scientists","display_name":"university scientists","score":0.4090000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-transfer","display_name":"technology transfer","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-spin-offs","display_name":"university spin-offs","score":0.38100001215934753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.8906745910644531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779023502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396569","display_name":"Ivory tower","level":2,"score":0.75217205286026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.6510875225067139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780510313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178706","display_name":"Institution","level":2,"score":0.5944335460662842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985879086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061910","display_name":"Technology transfer","level":2,"score":0.5670220851898193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.5647781491279602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.48231029510498047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4694356918334961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.4169028401374817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3418753445148468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2705630660057068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.2427111566066742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2145293951034546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.15767505764961243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1459616720676422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.12356150150299072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/b:jott.0000034127.01889.86","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/b:jott.0000034127.01889.86","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/b:jott.0000034127.01889.86","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185905316","display_name":"The Journal of Technology Transfer","issn_l":"0892-9912","issn":["0892-9912","1573-7047"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-2","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Technology Transfer","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7825999855995178,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486027917","https://openalex.org/W1502925692","https://openalex.org/W1507415920","https://openalex.org/W1527380817","https://openalex.org/W1563906773","https://openalex.org/W1603882355","https://openalex.org/W1647891297","https://openalex.org/W1993345157","https://openalex.org/W1993925873","https://openalex.org/W2017522108","https://openalex.org/W2026272846","https://openalex.org/W2035832247","https://openalex.org/W2041455880","https://openalex.org/W2073387430","https://openalex.org/W2079165458","https://openalex.org/W2088365328","https://openalex.org/W2093499537","https://openalex.org/W2095299437","https://openalex.org/W2119450572","https://openalex.org/W2131204222","https://openalex.org/W2134686386","https://openalex.org/W2134786537","https://openalex.org/W2146034577","https://openalex.org/W2164471442","https://openalex.org/W2174179791","https://openalex.org/W2325864965","https://openalex.org/W2892359046","https://openalex.org/W3121527737","https://openalex.org/W3125283871","https://openalex.org/W3145315265"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2099804000","https://openalex.org/W1999894924","https://openalex.org/W2594039497","https://openalex.org/W1985362949","https://openalex.org/W1993450457","https://openalex.org/W2328576468","https://openalex.org/W1033524705","https://openalex.org/W2064289102","https://openalex.org/W2359693774","https://openalex.org/W2166193506"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}