{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2044655841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/172010-ms","title":"Demonstrating the Potential of Low-Salinity Waterflood to Improve Oil Recovery in Carbonate Reservoirs by Qualitative Coreflood","display_name":"Demonstrating the Potential of Low-Salinity Waterflood to Improve Oil Recovery in Carbonate Reservoirs by Qualitative Coreflood","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2044655841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/172010-ms","mag":"2044655841"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2118/172010-ms","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/172010-ms","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2118/172010-ms","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407086369","display_name":"Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference (ADIPEC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086962564","display_name":"Ramez A. Nasralla","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7923278","display_name":"Shell (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/00b5m4j81","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7923278"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramez A. Nasralla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shell Global Solutions, International"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shell Global Solutions, International","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7923278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108722354","display_name":"Ekaterina Sergienko","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7923278","display_name":"Shell (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/00b5m4j81","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7923278"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ekaterina Sergienko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shell Global Solutions, International"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shell Global Solutions, International","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7923278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004833323","display_name":"Hilbert A. van der Linde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9268-3405","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9268-3405"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7923278","display_name":"Shell (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/00b5m4j81","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7923278"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hilbert A. van der Linde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shell Global Solutions, International"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shell Global Solutions, International","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7923278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084415642","display_name":"Niels J. Brussee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4086-4826","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4086-4826"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7923278","display_name":"Shell (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/00b5m4j81","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7923278"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niels J. Brussee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shell Global Solutions, International"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shell Global Solutions, International","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7923278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046096109","display_name":"Hassan Mahani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3157-7991","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3157-7991"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7923278","display_name":"Shell (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/00b5m4j81","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7923278"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hassan Mahani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shell Global Solutions, International"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shell Global Solutions, International","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7923278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072572714","display_name":"Bart M. J. M. Suijkerbuijk","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7923278","display_name":"Shell (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/00b5m4j81","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7923278"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bart M. Suijkerbuijk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shell Global Solutions, International"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shell Global Solutions, International","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7923278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019963859","display_name":"Ibrahim S. Al-Qarshubi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7923278","display_name":"Shell (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/00b5m4j81","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7923278"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim S. Al-Qarshubi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shell Global Solutions, International"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shell Global Solutions, International","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7923278"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085768411","display_name":"Shehadeh K. Masalmeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6995-8538","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6995-8538"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shehadeh K. Masalmeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shell Abu Dhabi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shell Abu Dhabi","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.2562,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98618728,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10491","display_name":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10491","display_name":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11801","display_name":"Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10399","display_name":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-salinity-water-flooding","display_name":"low salinity waterflooding","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/improved-oil-recovery","display_name":"improved oil recovery","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbonate-reservoirs","display_name":"carbonate reservoirs","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wettability-alteration","display_name":"wettability alteration","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coreflood-experiments","display_name":"coreflood experiments","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seawater-injection","display_name":"seawater injection","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formation-brine","display_name":"formation brine","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcite-dissolution","display_name":"calcite dissolution","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brine-composition","display_name":"brine composition","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-oil-recovery","display_name":"enhanced oil recovery","score":0.4359999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197248824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184395","display_name":"Seawater","level":2,"score":0.7579858303070068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776957854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214403","display_name":"Brine","level":2,"score":0.7303503751754761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.7068101763725281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.6417865753173828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780659211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181699","display_name":"Carbonate","level":2,"score":0.6393913626670837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129513315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615","display_name":"Salinity","level":2,"score":0.6371068358421326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780927383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7081418","display_name":"Oil in place","level":3,"score":0.5809342265129089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780191791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171917","display_name":"Calcite","level":2,"score":0.42338746786117554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779681308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049254","display_name":"Enhanced oil recovery","level":2,"score":0.4124670624732971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548895740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22656","display_name":"Petroleum","level":2,"score":0.3817718029022217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.317943274974823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.10505971312522888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.08982434868812561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2118/172010-ms","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/172010-ms","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2118/172010-ms","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407086369","display_name":"Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference (ADIPEC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W183365269","https://openalex.org/W1552771392","https://openalex.org/W1835654170","https://openalex.org/W1964009411","https://openalex.org/W1966508692","https://openalex.org/W1984970722","https://openalex.org/W1989500606","https://openalex.org/W1997139935","https://openalex.org/W2000951997","https://openalex.org/W2005723502","https://openalex.org/W2008426304","https://openalex.org/W2015812522","https://openalex.org/W2022571734","https://openalex.org/W2041092424","https://openalex.org/W2045325334","https://openalex.org/W2048000042","https://openalex.org/W2051178125","https://openalex.org/W2052536809","https://openalex.org/W2058170548","https://openalex.org/W2059749644","https://openalex.org/W2072235728","https://openalex.org/W2077043890","https://openalex.org/W2077517698","https://openalex.org/W2081006004","https://openalex.org/W2081967635","https://openalex.org/W2083341447","https://openalex.org/W2085731681","https://openalex.org/W2331000062","https://openalex.org/W4213286915","https://openalex.org/W4237841116"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2322309377","https://openalex.org/W1964009411","https://openalex.org/W4206617257","https://openalex.org/W6941130181","https://openalex.org/W4241922619","https://openalex.org/W3007351505","https://openalex.org/W3213980066","https://openalex.org/W3089103950","https://openalex.org/W2024831176","https://openalex.org/W2080890614"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Low":[1],"salinity":[2,178],"waterflood":[3,194,291],"(LSF)":[4],"is":[5,20,36,203,275,317,324],"a":[6,42,115,153,293],"promising":[7],"improved":[8,207,255],"oil":[9,64,91,144,190,208,223,251],"recovery":[10,65,92,145,191,209,252],"(IOR)":[11],"technology.":[12],"Although,":[13],"it":[14,316],"has":[15,292],"been":[16],"demonstrated":[17],"that":[18,174,227,250,260,272,289],"LSF":[19,32,68,88,313,334],"an":[21,79,232,297],"efficient":[22],"IOR":[23,281,298],"method":[24],"for":[25,206],"many":[26],"sandstone":[27],"reservoirs,":[28,239],"the":[29,52,55,63,85,95,136,163,176,181,198,228,243,266,277,305,310,329,338],"potential":[30,86,164,295],"of":[31,45,57,87,118,128,165,189,215,258,280,312],"in":[33,51,69,135,192,195,221,237,300],"carbonate":[34,70,112,238,301],"reservoirs":[35,71,113],"still":[37],"not":[38,241,276],"well-established":[39],"as":[40,213,296],"only":[41,242],"limited":[43],"number":[44],"successful":[46],"coreflood":[47,74,99],"experiments":[48],"are":[49],"available":[50],"literature.":[53],"Therefore,":[54],"aim":[56],"this":[58,286],"study":[59,155],"was":[60,156,247],"to":[61,82,89,139,147,161,326],"examine":[62],"improvement":[66,188],"by":[67,72,168,256,282],"performing":[73],"experiments.":[75,100],"This":[76,225,270],"paper":[77,287],"proposes":[78],"experimental":[80,171,307],"approach":[81,308],"qualitatively":[83],"evaluate":[84,140],"improve":[90],"and":[93,121,125,131,240,336],"alter":[94,180],"rock":[96,119,182],"wettability":[97,183],"during":[98,235],"The":[101,170],"corefloods":[102],"were":[103,133],"conducted":[104],"on":[105,143,265],"core":[106],"plugs":[107,196],"from":[108,197],"two":[109,199],"Middle":[110],"Eastern":[111],"with":[114],"wide":[116],"variation":[117],"properties":[120],"reservoir":[122],"conditions.":[123],"Seawater":[124],"several":[126],"dilutions":[127],"formation":[129,148,211,218],"brine":[130,149,212,219,229,244],"seawater":[132,202,216],"flooded":[134],"tertiary":[137,193],"mode":[138],"their":[141],"impacts":[142],"compared":[146],"injection.":[150],"In":[151,303],"addition,":[152,304],"geochemical":[154,267],"performed":[157],"using":[158],"PHREEQC":[159],"software":[160],"assess":[162],"calcite":[166,263,273],"dissolution":[167,274],"LSF.":[169,283],"results":[172],"confirmed":[173],"lowering":[175],"water":[177],"can":[179,253],"towards":[184],"more":[185,204,322],"water-wet,":[186],"causing":[187],"reservoirs.":[200,302],"Furthermore,":[201],"favorable":[205],"than":[210],"injection":[214,257],"after":[217],"resulted":[220],"extra":[222],"production.":[224],"demonstrates":[226,288],"composition":[230],"plays":[231],"important":[233],"role":[234],"waterflooding":[236],"salinity.":[245],"It":[246],"also":[248],"observed":[249],"be":[254],"brines":[259],"cannot":[261],"dissolve":[262],"based":[264],"modeling":[268],"study.":[269],"implies":[271],"dominant":[278,339],"mechanism":[279],"To":[284],"conclude,":[285],"low-salinity":[290],"good":[294],"technology":[299],"proposed":[306],"ensures":[309],"verification":[311],"effect,":[314],"either":[315],"positive":[318],"or":[319],"negative.":[320],"However,":[321],"work":[323],"required":[325],"further":[327],"explore":[328],"most":[330],"influential":[331],"parameters":[332],"affecting":[333],"response":[335],"explain":[337],"mechanisms.":[340]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}