{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2044547549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2015.03.010","title":"Peptides and the blood\u2013brain barrier","display_name":"Peptides and the blood\u2013brain barrier","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-04-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2044547549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2015.03.010","mag":"2044547549","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25805003","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5354301"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2015.03.010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2015.03.010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2015.03.010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120382301","display_name":"Peptides","issn_l":"0196-9781","issn":["0196-9781","1873-5169"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Peptides","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5354301","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054959155","display_name":"William A. Banks","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0496-3619","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0496-3619"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094549","display_name":"VA Puget Sound Health Care System","ror":"https://ror.org/00ky3az31","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210094549","https://openalex.org/I4210138024"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"William A. Banks","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States. Electronic address: wabanks1@uw.edu","Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States. Electronic address: wabanks1@uw.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210094549"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210094549"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054959155"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210094549"],"apc_list":{"value":3710,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3710},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.7642,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":268,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96722187,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":null,"first_page":"16","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11872","display_name":"Barrier Structure and Function Studies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11872","display_name":"Barrier Structure and Function Studies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10570","display_name":"Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11406","display_name":"Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-brain-barrier","display_name":"blood-brain barrier","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peptide-transport","display_name":"peptide transport","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peptide-transporters","display_name":"peptide transporters","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saturable-transport","display_name":"saturable transport","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-proteins","display_name":"regulatory proteins","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-nervous-system-diseases","display_name":"central nervous system disorders","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-delivery-to-the-brain","display_name":"brain drug delivery","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peptide-analogs","display_name":"peptide analogues","score":0.6499999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778402981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221694","display_name":"Blood\u2013brain barrier","level":3,"score":0.8510416150093079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.5915257930755615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149011108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q652985","display_name":"Transporter","level":3,"score":0.5654796361923218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779281246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172847","display_name":"Peptide","level":2,"score":0.5591050386428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.5358283519744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16613235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285982","display_name":"Endogeny","level":2,"score":0.4405047595500946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.42140787839889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991673738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062122","display_name":"Brain disease","level":3,"score":0.41772258281707764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.36878857016563416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.2990070581436157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.27588433027267456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.23553571105003357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.14965173602104187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.10072174668312073}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001812","descriptor_name":"Blood-Brain Barrier","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D021381","descriptor_name":"Protein Transport","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2015.03.010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2015.03.010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2015.03.010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120382301","display_name":"Peptides","issn_l":"0196-9781","issn":["0196-9781","1873-5169"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Peptides","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25805003","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25805003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Peptides","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5354301","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5354301","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Peptides","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5354301","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5354301","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Peptides","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9074000120162964,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4139469695","display_name":"Intranasal Insulin in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease","funder_award_id":"R01AG046619","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306127","display_name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","display_name":"National Institute on Aging","ror":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":152,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W16603568","https://openalex.org/W1644370209","https://openalex.org/W1799890456","https://openalex.org/W1886831098","https://openalex.org/W1892932767","https://openalex.org/W1907212729","https://openalex.org/W1963581374","https://openalex.org/W1964863479","https://openalex.org/W1967610405","https://openalex.org/W1967734300","https://openalex.org/W1968205082","https://openalex.org/W1971232468","https://openalex.org/W1972671726","https://openalex.org/W1972893586","https://openalex.org/W1972909247","https://openalex.org/W1973483415","https://openalex.org/W1974760551","https://openalex.org/W1975574677","https://openalex.org/W1975774424","https://openalex.org/W1976617212","https://openalex.org/W1976623136","https://openalex.org/W1979183100","https://openalex.org/W1980567548","https://openalex.org/W1982651091","https://openalex.org/W1983460839","https://openalex.org/W1984345962","https://openalex.org/W1984717231","https://openalex.org/W1985637387","https://openalex.org/W1985687557","https://openalex.org/W1987074084","https://openalex.org/W1988187074","https://openalex.org/W1988457067","https://openalex.org/W1995321663","https://openalex.org/W1995718830","https://openalex.org/W1996836354","https://openalex.org/W1997081092","https://openalex.org/W1998411920","https://openalex.org/W2001000381","https://openalex.org/W2001232845","https://openalex.org/W2002334752","https://openalex.org/W2002358623","https://openalex.org/W2002445062","https://openalex.org/W2006934195","https://openalex.org/W2007301330","https://openalex.org/W2008054615","https://openalex.org/W2008632682","https://openalex.org/W2009016427","https://openalex.org/W2009658745","https://openalex.org/W2012907151","https://openalex.org/W2013280216","https://openalex.org/W2013739117","https://openalex.org/W2013982514","https://openalex.org/W2015625740","https://openalex.org/W2016096475","https://openalex.org/W2018950212","https://openalex.org/W2019389880","https://openalex.org/W2020055321","https://openalex.org/W2021110789","https://openalex.org/W2021206227","https://openalex.org/W2021333327","https://openalex.org/W2022647726","https://openalex.org/W2023271756","https://openalex.org/W2023299675","https://openalex.org/W2026545417","https://openalex.org/W2026740956","https://openalex.org/W2028249206","https://openalex.org/W2029055928","https://openalex.org/W2029835244","https://openalex.org/W2030051959","https://openalex.org/W2030288420","https://openalex.org/W2030403627","https://openalex.org/W2030481858","https://openalex.org/W2030610580","https://openalex.org/W2033151571","https://openalex.org/W2033278281","https://openalex.org/W2033912043","https://openalex.org/W2038639746","https://openalex.org/W2041344141","https://openalex.org/W2044219945","https://openalex.org/W2044464280","https://openalex.org/W2045244197","https://openalex.org/W2046982904","https://openalex.org/W2047625012","https://openalex.org/W2049491008","https://openalex.org/W2049836980","https://openalex.org/W2050145049","https://openalex.org/W2050891177","https://openalex.org/W2050974011","https://openalex.org/W2051188685","https://openalex.org/W2052184389","https://openalex.org/W2055167734","https://openalex.org/W2056034831","https://openalex.org/W2057394233","https://openalex.org/W2058148996","https://openalex.org/W2060706899","https://openalex.org/W2067223842","https://openalex.org/W2068532959","https://openalex.org/W2071634384","https://openalex.org/W2072924104","https://openalex.org/W2074111564","https://openalex.org/W2074229539","https://openalex.org/W2074401012","https://openalex.org/W2074930937","https://openalex.org/W2077997956","https://openalex.org/W2079704502","https://openalex.org/W2079823703","https://openalex.org/W2080293468","https://openalex.org/W2082445194","https://openalex.org/W2086027169","https://openalex.org/W2087484282","https://openalex.org/W2087960591","https://openalex.org/W2089277111","https://openalex.org/W2091425439","https://openalex.org/W2091823069","https://openalex.org/W2094481537","https://openalex.org/W2095381691","https://openalex.org/W2104561914","https://openalex.org/W2105516426","https://openalex.org/W2116409227","https://openalex.org/W2119211650","https://openalex.org/W2119985934","https://openalex.org/W2125468307","https://openalex.org/W2126996448","https://openalex.org/W2128250419","https://openalex.org/W2128890618","https://openalex.org/W2135960263","https://openalex.org/W2139314114","https://openalex.org/W2142814029","https://openalex.org/W2149150637","https://openalex.org/W2157379321","https://openalex.org/W2163311194","https://openalex.org/W2169588843","https://openalex.org/W2173532358","https://openalex.org/W2264721780","https://openalex.org/W2265372800","https://openalex.org/W2288113889","https://openalex.org/W2294335852","https://openalex.org/W2296953960","https://openalex.org/W2320571074","https://openalex.org/W2322766553","https://openalex.org/W2361458306","https://openalex.org/W2407703363","https://openalex.org/W2408892449","https://openalex.org/W2410943140","https://openalex.org/W2411553025","https://openalex.org/W2411656040","https://openalex.org/W2430482639","https://openalex.org/W2443365888","https://openalex.org/W2466718507","https://openalex.org/W3199789332","https://openalex.org/W4406054925","https://openalex.org/W6639586655"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2077992430","https://openalex.org/W4386002981","https://openalex.org/W2158312729","https://openalex.org/W2031322347","https://openalex.org/W2077907110","https://openalex.org/W1970808851","https://openalex.org/W216495100","https://openalex.org/W63525867","https://openalex.org/W1139545554","https://openalex.org/W1992806558"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}