{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2043972032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/10.7.1355","title":"Classification Images for Search in Natural Images","display_name":"Classification Images for Search in Natural Images","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-08-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2043972032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/10.7.1355","mag":"2043972032"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1167/10.7.1355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/10.7.1355","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/10.7.1355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137468011","display_name":"Journal of Vision","issn_l":"1534-7362","issn":["1534-7362"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/10.7.1355","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S. Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychology Department, UC Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychology Department, UC Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039657761","display_name":"Craig K. Abbey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4608-9402","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4608-9402"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Abbey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychology Department, UC Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychology Department, UC Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084385239","display_name":"Miguel P. Eckstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5528-355X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5528-355X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Eckstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychology Department, UC Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychology Department, UC Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2173259,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"7","first_page":"1355","last_page":"1355"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classification-images","display_name":"classification images","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-search","display_name":"visual search","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-images","display_name":"natural images","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"genetic algorithm","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"support vector machine","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/target-detection","display_name":"target detection","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observer-performance","display_name":"observer performance","score":0.6290000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7450820803642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7203173637390137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6611377000808716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6368206143379211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82714645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q438331","display_name":"Template","level":2,"score":0.4644166827201843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.35853224992752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1167/10.7.1355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/10.7.1355","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/10.7.1355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137468011","display_name":"Journal of Vision","issn_l":"1534-7362","issn":["1534-7362"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1167/10.7.1355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/10.7.1355","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/10.7.1355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137468011","display_name":"Journal of Vision","issn_l":"1534-7362","issn":["1534-7362"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Vision","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2775347418","https://openalex.org/W1969923398","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W2170022336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose:":[0],"Previous":[1],"studies":[2],"have":[3],"proposed":[4],"estimation":[5],"procedures":[6,192],"for":[7,29,40,182,193],"classification":[8,25,69,115,150,177,203],"images":[9,26,70,116,151,204],"in":[10,34,46,133,186,201,213,239],"white":[11],"and":[12,90,125,129,152,189],"correlated":[13],"noise":[14,95],"(Abbey":[15,97],"&":[16,62,98],"Eckstein":[17],"2006).":[18],"Here,":[19],"we":[20],"investigate":[21],"methods":[22,73,102,131,179],"to":[23,117,166,180,208,221,231,236],"estimate":[24],"(linear":[27],"template)":[28],"search":[30,181],"of":[31,48,93,108,136,198,211],"targets":[32,212,238],"embedded":[33,185],"natural":[35,58,187,214,240],"images.":[36],"Methods:":[37],"Observers":[38],"searched":[39],"an":[41],"additive":[42],"Gaussian":[43],"luminance":[44],"target":[45,168,184],"one":[47],"four":[49],"locations":[50],"(4":[51],"alternative":[52],"forced":[53],"choice)":[54],"within":[55],"3000":[56],"calibrated":[57],"scenes":[59,188],"(van":[60],"Hateren":[61],"van":[63],"der":[64],"Schaaf,":[65],"1998).":[66],"We":[67,112,174],"compute":[68],"using":[71,123],"various":[72],"including":[74],"genetic":[75],"algorithms":[76],"(GA;":[77],"Castella":[78],"et":[79,87],"al.,":[80,88],"2007),":[81],"support":[82],"vector":[83],"machines":[84],"(SVM;":[85],"Jakel":[86],"2009)":[89],"weighted":[91],"averaging":[92],"prewhitened":[94],"fields":[96],"Eckstein,":[99],"2002).":[100],"All":[101],"relied":[103],"on":[104],"a":[105,183,206],"limited":[106],"set":[107],"Gabor":[109],"basis":[110],"functions.":[111],"compare":[113],"human":[114,149,202,218],"optimal":[118,138,153,223],"linear":[119,139,154,162,224],"templates":[120,163],"also":[121],"estimated":[122,148,161],"GA":[124,128],"SVM.":[126],"Results:":[127],"SVM":[130],"result":[132],"similar":[134,165],"estimates":[135],"the":[137,147,160,167,222],"templates.":[140,155],"Average":[141],"observer":[142],"performance":[143,219],"was":[144],"higher":[145],"than":[146],"For":[156],"all":[157],"three":[158],"observers,":[159],"were":[164],"but":[169],"contain":[170],"inhibitory":[171,199],"surroundings.":[172],"Conclusions:":[173],"extend":[175],"previous":[176],"image":[178],"explore":[190],"computational":[191],"reliable":[194],"estimation.":[195],"The":[196,216],"presence":[197],"surrounds":[200],"reflects":[205],"strategy":[207],"optimize":[209],"detection":[210],"scenes.":[215,241],"superior":[217],"relative":[220],"template":[225],"suggests":[226],"that":[227],"humans":[228],"are":[229],"able":[230],"use":[232],"additional":[233],"higher-order":[234],"information":[235],"detect":[237]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}