{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2043777967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3754654","title":"Computer Graphic Display Method for Visualizing Three-Dimensional Biological Structures","display_name":"Computer Graphic Display Method for Visualizing Three-Dimensional Biological Structures","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-05-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2043777967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3754654","mag":"2043777967","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3754654"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.3754654","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3754654","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3754654","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064516810","display_name":"Javier Jim\u00e9nez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0755-843X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0755-843X","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6187-6223"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145636","display_name":"IBM (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wam6707","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210145636"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javier Jim\u00e9nez","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Madrid Scientific Center, 28046 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Madrid Scientific Center, 28046 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145636"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111597155","display_name":"Antonio Santisteban","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145636","display_name":"IBM (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wam6707","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210145636"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Santisteban","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Madrid Scientific Center, 28046 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Madrid Scientific Center, 28046 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145636"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046960969","display_name":"J.M. Carazo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0788-8447","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0788-8447"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134820265","display_name":"Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfc7t72","country_code":"ES","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146061","display_name":"Centro de Biolog\u00eda Molecular Severo Ochoa","ror":"https://ror.org/03v9e8t09","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210146061"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Carazo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Biolog\u00eda Molecular, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientficas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma, 28049 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Biolog\u00eda Molecular, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientficas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma, 28049 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210146061"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060925042","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 L. Carrascosa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4749-3522","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4749-3522"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134820265","display_name":"Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfc7t72","country_code":"ES","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146061","display_name":"Centro de Biolog\u00eda Molecular Severo Ochoa","ror":"https://ror.org/03v9e8t09","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210146061"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 L. Carrascosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Biolog\u00eda Molecular, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientficas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma, 28049 Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Biolog\u00eda Molecular, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientficas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma, 28049 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210146061"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.1082,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97048236,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"232","issue":"4754","first_page":"1113","last_page":"1115"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.8784000277519226,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.8784000277519226,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10857","display_name":"Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications","score":0.08579999953508377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1315","display_name":"Structural Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11162","display_name":"Enzyme Structure and Function","score":0.019300000742077827,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1315","display_name":"Structural Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-visualization","display_name":"3D visualization","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective-projection","display_name":"perspective projection","score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacteriophage-phi29","display_name":"bacteriophage phi29","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron-tomography","display_name":"electron tomography","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectance-models","display_name":"reflectance model","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transparency","display_name":"transparency","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-rendering","display_name":"color rendering","score":0.7260000109672546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6314811110496521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.5964852571487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.5237833857536316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.5118545889854431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5057790279388428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4660409986972809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018767501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130416","display_name":"Electron micrographs","level":3,"score":0.4425962567329407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.4240197241306305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.40221714973449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.3262278437614441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14343085885047913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14303460717201233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.12816578149795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93877712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132560","display_name":"Electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.11640530824661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001435","descriptor_name":"Bacteriophages","qualifier_ui":"Q000648","qualifier_name":"ultrastructure","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005583","descriptor_name":"Fourier Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008854","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Electron","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.3754654","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3754654","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3754654","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:3754654","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3754654","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1424318270","https://openalex.org/W1957495451","https://openalex.org/W1965257870","https://openalex.org/W1970398322","https://openalex.org/W2001024934","https://openalex.org/W2013150685","https://openalex.org/W2014774769","https://openalex.org/W2026786095","https://openalex.org/W2028852040","https://openalex.org/W2036345186","https://openalex.org/W2046106753","https://openalex.org/W2057600230","https://openalex.org/W2063271381","https://openalex.org/W2070154783","https://openalex.org/W2072784647","https://openalex.org/W2122585444","https://openalex.org/W2145135145","https://openalex.org/W2171266564","https://openalex.org/W2915078991","https://openalex.org/W4323875240"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053038074","https://openalex.org/W2419657470","https://openalex.org/W2001024934","https://openalex.org/W1998256201","https://openalex.org/W1969847232","https://openalex.org/W2992942279","https://openalex.org/W2165149956","https://openalex.org/W3035946326","https://openalex.org/W2082352542","https://openalex.org/W7222856700"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"computer":[1],"graphic":[2],"display":[3],"method":[4,16],"that":[5],"produces":[6],"two-dimensional":[7],"perspective":[8],"views":[9],"of":[10,25,28,31,49,58,68],"three-dimensional":[11,70],"objects":[12],"is":[13,17],"presented.":[14],"The":[15,46],"applied":[18],"to":[19],"the":[20,29,42,69],"reconstruction":[21],"at":[22],"a":[23,61,65],"resolution":[24],"2.2":[26],"nanometers":[27],"neck":[30],"bacteriophage":[32],"phi":[33],"29,":[34],"obtained":[35],"from":[36],"transmission":[37],"electron":[38],"micrographs":[39],"processed":[40],"by":[41],"direct":[43],"Fourier":[44],"method.":[45],"combined":[47],"use":[48],"directed":[50],"illumination,":[51],"reflectance":[52],"models,":[53],"color,":[54],"and":[55,78],"different":[56],"levels":[57],"transparency":[59],"provides":[60],"powerful":[62],"tool":[63],"for":[64],"better":[66],"interpretation":[67],"structure,":[71],"allowing":[72],"improved":[73],"correlation":[74],"with":[75],"genetic,":[76],"structural,":[77],"biochemical":[79],"data.":[80]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
