{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2043776386","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1205834109","title":"Transcription factor IRF4 determines germinal center formation through follicular T-helper cell differentiation","display_name":"Transcription factor IRF4 determines germinal center formation through follicular T-helper cell differentiation","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2043776386","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1205834109","mag":"2043776386","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22552227","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3365194"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.1205834109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1205834109","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1205834109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3365194","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030743291","display_name":"Nadine Bollig","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadine Bollig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108566234","display_name":"Anne Br\u00fcstle","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325899441","display_name":"University Health Network","ror":"https://ror.org/042xt5161","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405278476","display_name":"Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research","ror":"https://ror.org/003wr7003","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2802654988","https://openalex.org/I4405278476"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne Br\u00fcstle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C1;","University health network;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C1;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405278476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University health network;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034998896","display_name":"Kerstin Kellner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kerstin Kellner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036922833","display_name":"Waltraud Ackermann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161103922","display_name":"Philipps University of Marburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01rdrb571","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waltraud Ackermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Zytobiologie, Universit\u00e4t Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Zytobiologie, Universit\u00e4t Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007484295","display_name":"Elfadil Mustafa Abass","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0156-7346","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0156-7346"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elfadil Abass","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056642802","display_name":"Hartmann Raifer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7253-4752","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7253-4752"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hartmann Raifer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028236911","display_name":"B\u00e4rbel Camara","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B\u00e4rbel Camara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044732036","display_name":"Cornelia A. Brendel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1612-9557","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1612-9557"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161103922","display_name":"Philipps University of Marburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01rdrb571","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cornelia Brendel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Klinik f\u00fcr Innere Medizin, Universit\u00e4t Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Klinik f\u00fcr Innere Medizin, Universit\u00e4t Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032334678","display_name":"Gavin Giel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161103922","display_name":"Philipps University of Marburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01rdrb571","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gavin Giel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Klinik f\u00fcr Innere Medizin, Universit\u00e4t Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Klinik f\u00fcr Innere Medizin, Universit\u00e4t Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010626812","display_name":"Evita Bothur","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evita Bothur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003119147","display_name":"Magdalena Huber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2963-0693","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2963-0693","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4916-5677"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Magdalena Huber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016997323","display_name":"Christoph C. Paul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6458-0302","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6458-0302"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Paul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083384073","display_name":"Alexandra F. Elli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161103922","display_name":"Philipps University of Marburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01rdrb571","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandra Elli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Zytobiologie, Universit\u00e4t Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Zytobiologie, Universit\u00e4t Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077207507","display_name":"Richard A. Kroczek","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24359323","display_name":"Robert Koch Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01k5qnb77","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24359323"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard A. Kroczek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Molekulare Immunologie, Robert-Koch-Institut, 13353 Berlin, Germany;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Molekulare Immunologie, Robert-Koch-Institut, 13353 Berlin, Germany;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24359323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078936461","display_name":"Roza Nurieva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8483-1121","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8483-1121"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343551460","display_name":"The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04twxam07","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343551460"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roza Nurieva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054; and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054; and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343551460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100767305","display_name":"Chen Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0084-9130","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0084-9130"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343551460","display_name":"The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04twxam07","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343551460"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054; and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054; and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343551460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034476412","display_name":"Ralf Jacob","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9251-6578","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9251-6578"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161103922","display_name":"Philipps University of Marburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01rdrb571","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ralf Jacob","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Zytobiologie, Universit\u00e4t Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Zytobiologie, Universit\u00e4t Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000800493","display_name":"Tak W. Mak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6766-861X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6766-861X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0459-4112"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405278476","display_name":"Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research","ror":"https://ror.org/003wr7003","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441","https://openalex.org/I2802654988","https://openalex.org/I4405278476"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tak W. Mak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C1;","Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C1;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405278476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066106521","display_name":"Michael D. Lohoff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5204-4289","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5204-4289"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Lohoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, and","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.1476,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":198,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98404765,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"109","issue":"22","first_page":"8664","last_page":"8669"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10308","display_name":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10469","display_name":"Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irf4","display_name":"IRF4","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/germinal-center-formation","display_name":"germinal center formation","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-follicular-helper-cells","display_name":"T follicular helper cells","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/b-cell-lymphoma-6","display_name":"B-cell lymphoma 6","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibody-maturation","display_name":"antibody maturation","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-leishmaniasis","display_name":"chronic leishmaniasis","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leishmania-major","display_name":"Leishmania major","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peyer-s-patches","display_name":"Peyer's patches","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/germinal-center-b-cells","display_name":"germinal center B cells","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-dependent-antibody-response","display_name":"T cell-dependent antibody response","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adoptive-transfer","display_name":"adoptive transfer","score":0.6489999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96926380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1737968","display_name":"Germinal center","level":4,"score":0.8700844645500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778453870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188930","display_name":"B cell","level":3,"score":0.6281541585922241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12652872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18027997","display_name":"IRF4","level":4,"score":0.6078004837036133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6073366403579712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776090121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193529","display_name":"T cell","level":3,"score":0.49805641174316406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148738053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210861","display_name":"Cellular differentiation","level":3,"score":0.4624633193016052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776396001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q250694","display_name":"Plasma cell","level":3,"score":0.4564627707004547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39347974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21135811","display_name":"CD40","level":4,"score":0.4306091070175171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.40155166387557983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.39647313952445984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.37972086668014526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.3748369812965393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.3577566146850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154317977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376266","display_name":"Cytotoxic T cell","level":3,"score":0.2575910687446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.18872913718223572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.100798100233078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000098546","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-21","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000099218","descriptor_name":"Interferon Regulatory Factor-4","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001402","descriptor_name":"B-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001402","descriptor_name":"B-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002454","descriptor_name":"Cell Differentiation","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002470","descriptor_name":"Cell Survival","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005434","descriptor_name":"Flow Cytometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006377","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006377","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006377","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer","qualifier_ui":"Q000637","qualifier_name":"transplantation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007378","descriptor_name":"Interleukins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007378","descriptor_name":"Interleukins","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007378","descriptor_name":"Interleukins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008198","descriptor_name":"Lymph Nodes","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008198","descriptor_name":"Lymph Nodes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008198","descriptor_name":"Lymph Nodes","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008810","descriptor_name":"Mice, Inbred C57BL","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010581","descriptor_name":"Peyer's Patches","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010581","descriptor_name":"Peyer's Patches","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010950","descriptor_name":"Plasma Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010950","descriptor_name":"Plasma Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015496","descriptor_name":"CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015496","descriptor_name":"CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015496","descriptor_name":"CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000637","qualifier_name":"transplantation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016773","descriptor_name":"Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016773","descriptor_name":"Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016773","descriptor_name":"Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous","qualifier_ui":"Q000469","qualifier_name":"parasitology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018320","descriptor_name":"Leishmania major","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018345","descriptor_name":"Mice, Knockout","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018858","descriptor_name":"Germinal Center","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018858","descriptor_name":"Germinal Center","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018858","descriptor_name":"Germinal Center","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019264","descriptor_name":"Adoptive Transfer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020133","descriptor_name":"Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D050835","descriptor_name":"Interferon Regulatory Factors","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D050835","descriptor_name":"Interferon Regulatory Factors","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D050835","descriptor_name":"Interferon Regulatory Factors","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.1205834109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1205834109","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1205834109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2376918","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3365194","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3365194","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3365194","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:22552227","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22552227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au:1885/152393","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1885/152393","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402539","display_name":"ANU Open Research (Australian National University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","host_organization_name":"Australian National University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PNAS - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2376918","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3365194","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8199999928474426}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1561473867","https://openalex.org/W1608126464","https://openalex.org/W1609716101","https://openalex.org/W1632566425","https://openalex.org/W1901606394","https://openalex.org/W1929236283","https://openalex.org/W1961443485","https://openalex.org/W1966657425","https://openalex.org/W1970728276","https://openalex.org/W1973587254","https://openalex.org/W1975213528","https://openalex.org/W1977795184","https://openalex.org/W2000049562","https://openalex.org/W2006249161","https://openalex.org/W2022687427","https://openalex.org/W2034890422","https://openalex.org/W2038976543","https://openalex.org/W2045715956","https://openalex.org/W2051058933","https://openalex.org/W2058950182","https://openalex.org/W2064811354","https://openalex.org/W2065338955","https://openalex.org/W2070323372","https://openalex.org/W2071959000","https://openalex.org/W2072852987","https://openalex.org/W2080935386","https://openalex.org/W2081613377","https://openalex.org/W2082871926","https://openalex.org/W2088275003","https://openalex.org/W2098765637","https://openalex.org/W2113687173","https://openalex.org/W2126190967","https://openalex.org/W2131933701","https://openalex.org/W2135340773","https://openalex.org/W2136616777","https://openalex.org/W2146604395","https://openalex.org/W2147450297","https://openalex.org/W2151962109","https://openalex.org/W2156177776"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2128144325","https://openalex.org/W4313359780","https://openalex.org/W2064811354","https://openalex.org/W2134730420","https://openalex.org/W7062648332","https://openalex.org/W4313384902","https://openalex.org/W2022687427","https://openalex.org/W2116562973","https://openalex.org/W2419191053","https://openalex.org/W4313405782"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Follicular":[0],"T-helper":[1],"(T(FH))":[2],"cells":[3,11,60,80,120,128],"cooperate":[4],"with":[5,37,41,163],"GL7(+)CD95(+)":[6],"germinal":[7],"center":[8,182],"(GC)":[9],"B":[10,59,166],"to":[12,88,157],"induce":[13],"antibody":[14,184],"maturation.":[15],"Herein,":[16],"we":[17],"identify":[18],"the":[19,42,82,90,104,181],"transcription":[20,93],"factor":[21,94],"IRF4":[22,145,179],"as":[23],"a":[24,142],"T-cell":[25,143],"intrinsic":[26,144],"precondition":[27],"for":[28],"T(FH)":[29,91,127,148,160],"cell":[30,112,137,149,171],"differentiation":[31,150],"and":[32,57,84,97,135,173],"GC":[33,58,130,132],"formation.":[34],"After":[35],"immunization":[36],"protein":[38],"or":[39,121],"infection":[40],"protozoon":[43],"Leishmania":[44],"major,":[45],"draining":[46,105],"lymph":[47],"nodes":[48],"(LNs)":[49],"of":[50,73,110,116,141,183],"IFN-regulatory":[51],"factor-4":[52],"(Irf4(-/-))":[53],"mice":[54],"lacked":[55],"GCs":[56,66],"despite":[61],"developing":[62],"normal":[63],"initial":[64],"hyperplasia.":[65],"were":[67],"also":[68],"absent":[69],"in":[70,180],"Peyer's":[71,85],"patches":[72,86],"naive":[74],"Irf4(-/-)":[75,106,147],"mice.":[76],"Accordingly,":[77],"CD4(+)":[78,118],"T":[79,119],"within":[81],"LNs":[83,107],"failed":[87],"express":[89],"key":[92],"B-cell":[95,133],"lymphoma-6":[96],"other":[98],"T(FH)-related":[99],"molecules.":[100],"During":[101],"chronic":[102],"leishmaniasis,":[103],"disappeared":[108],"because":[109],"massive":[111],"death.":[113],"Adoptive":[114],"transfer":[115],"WT":[117,126,159],"few":[122],"L.":[123],"major":[124],"primed":[125],"reconstituted":[129],"formation,":[131],"differentiation,":[134],"LN":[136],"survival.":[138],"In":[139],"support":[140],"activity,":[146],"was":[151],"not":[152],"rescued":[153],"by":[154],"close":[155],"neighborhood":[156],"transferred":[158],"cells.":[161],"Together":[162],"its":[164],"known":[165],"lineage-specific":[167],"roles":[168],"during":[169],"plasma":[170],"maturation":[172],"class":[174],"switch,":[175],"our":[176],"study":[177],"places":[178],"production":[185],"toward":[186],"T-cell-dependent":[187],"antigens.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}