{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2043713057","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.41.002095","title":"Sensing wave-front amplitude and phase with phase diversity","display_name":"Sensing wave-front amplitude and phase with phase diversity","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-04-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2043713057","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.41.002095","mag":"2043713057","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12003199"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/ao.41.002095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.41.002095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.41.002095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211917","display_name":"Applied Optics","issn_l":"0003-6935","issn":["0003-6935","1539-4522","1540-8981","1559-128X","2155-3165"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Optics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041040063","display_name":"Stuart Mark Jefferies","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9580-5615","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9580-5615"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stuart M. Jefferies","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maui Scientific Research Center, the University of New Mexico, Kihei, Hawaii 96753, USA. stuartj@ahpcc.unm.edu","University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maui Scientific Research Center, the University of New Mexico, Kihei, Hawaii 96753, USA. stuartj@ahpcc.unm.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084890499","display_name":"Michael Lloyd\u2010Hart","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Lloyd-Hart","raw_affiliation_strings":["S. M. Jefferies (stuartj@ahpcc.unm.edu) is with the Maui Scientific Research Center, the University of New Mexico, 590 Lipoa Parkway, Kihei, Hawaii 96753.M. Lloyd-Hart (mhart@as.arizona.edu), E. K. Hege (hege@as.arizona.edu), and J. Georges (jgeorges@u.arizona.edu) are with the Center for Astronomical Adaptive Optics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721","University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"S. M. Jefferies (stuartj@ahpcc.unm.edu) is with the Maui Scientific Research Center, the University of New Mexico, 590 Lipoa Parkway, Kihei, Hawaii 96753.M. Lloyd-Hart (mhart@as.arizona.edu), E. K. Hege (hege@as.arizona.edu), and J. Georges (jgeorges@u.arizona.edu) are with the Center for Astronomical Adaptive Optics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243","https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053930983","display_name":"E. Keith Hege","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Keith Hege","raw_affiliation_strings":["S. M. Jefferies (stuartj@ahpcc.unm.edu) is with the Maui Scientific Research Center, the University of New Mexico, 590 Lipoa Parkway, Kihei, Hawaii 96753.M. Lloyd-Hart (mhart@as.arizona.edu), E. K. Hege (hege@as.arizona.edu), and J. Georges (jgeorges@u.arizona.edu) are with the Center for Astronomical Adaptive Optics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721","University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"S. M. Jefferies (stuartj@ahpcc.unm.edu) is with the Maui Scientific Research Center, the University of New Mexico, 590 Lipoa Parkway, Kihei, Hawaii 96753.M. Lloyd-Hart (mhart@as.arizona.edu), E. K. Hege (hege@as.arizona.edu), and J. Georges (jgeorges@u.arizona.edu) are with the Center for Astronomical Adaptive Optics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243","https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079710014","display_name":"James A. Georges","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Georges","raw_affiliation_strings":["S. M. Jefferies (stuartj@ahpcc.unm.edu) is with the Maui Scientific Research Center, the University of New Mexico, 590 Lipoa Parkway, Kihei, Hawaii 96753.M. Lloyd-Hart (mhart@as.arizona.edu), E. K. Hege (hege@as.arizona.edu), and J. Georges (jgeorges@u.arizona.edu) are with the Center for Astronomical Adaptive Optics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721","University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"S. M. Jefferies (stuartj@ahpcc.unm.edu) is with the Maui Scientific Research Center, the University of New Mexico, 590 Lipoa Parkway, Kihei, Hawaii 96753.M. Lloyd-Hart (mhart@as.arizona.edu), E. K. Hege (hege@as.arizona.edu), and J. Georges (jgeorges@u.arizona.edu) are with the Center for Astronomical Adaptive Optics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243","https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0514,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86147797,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"11","first_page":"2095","last_page":"2095"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11484","display_name":"Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11484","display_name":"Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11897","display_name":"Digital Holography and Microscopy","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11183","display_name":"Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-diversity","display_name":"phase diversity","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-objects","display_name":"extended objects","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-reconstruction","display_name":"image reconstruction","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/processing-speed","display_name":"processing speed","score":0.4749999940395355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.7431776523590088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165699331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461533","display_name":"Wavefront","level":2,"score":0.7394132018089294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.7135452628135681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.7028886675834656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5950019955635071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.5792948603630066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81793267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7180962","display_name":"Phase retrieval","level":3,"score":0.5771211385726929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.5765982866287231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207114421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133900","display_name":"Diffraction","level":2,"score":0.5188435316085815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.4785792827606201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46210891008377075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3885398507118225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32533568143844604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.20397034287452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15735876560211182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1364/ao.41.002095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.41.002095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.41.002095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211917","display_name":"Applied Optics","issn_l":"0003-6935","issn":["0003-6935","1539-4522","1540-8981","1559-128X","2155-3165"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Optics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12003199","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12003199","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied optics","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W117493483","https://openalex.org/W1541201456","https://openalex.org/W1974584566","https://openalex.org/W1986311150","https://openalex.org/W1986336356","https://openalex.org/W1992857901","https://openalex.org/W1993000766","https://openalex.org/W1993872060","https://openalex.org/W2015509455","https://openalex.org/W2017627161","https://openalex.org/W2028313986","https://openalex.org/W2042920101","https://openalex.org/W2046510699","https://openalex.org/W2048044970","https://openalex.org/W2052753297","https://openalex.org/W2077377823","https://openalex.org/W2099778568","https://openalex.org/W2165644203","https://openalex.org/W2990561288","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2110064751","https://openalex.org/W2010209954","https://openalex.org/W2000322094","https://openalex.org/W2887323926","https://openalex.org/W2087380776","https://openalex.org/W2376704690","https://openalex.org/W1969064096","https://openalex.org/W2720417089","https://openalex.org/W2016589108","https://openalex.org/W2094273557"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,81],"show":[1,55,82],"in":[2,83],"benchtop":[3],"experiments":[4],"that":[5,41,85],"wave-front":[6,28],"phase":[7,10,67],"estimation":[8],"by":[9,16,34],"diversity":[11],"can":[12,31],"be":[13,24,32],"significantly":[14],"improved":[15],"simultaneous":[17],"amplitude":[18,69],"estimation.":[19],"Processing":[20],"speed,":[21],"which":[22],"will":[23],"important":[25],"for":[26,57],"real-time":[27],"control":[29],"applications,":[30],"enhanced":[33],"use":[35],"of":[36,65,93,96],"small-format":[37],"detectors":[38],"with":[39],"pixels":[40],"do":[42],"not":[43],"fully":[44],"sample":[45],"the":[46,63,66,77,86,91],"diffraction":[47],"limit.":[48],"Using":[49],"an":[50],"object-independent":[51],"phase-diversity":[52],"algorithm,":[53],"we":[54],"that,":[56],"both":[58],"pointlike":[59],"and":[60,68],"extended":[61],"objects,":[62],"fidelity":[64,92],"estimates":[70],"degrades":[71],"gracefully,":[72],"rather":[73],"than":[74],"catastrophically,":[75],"as":[76],"sampling":[78],"becomes":[79],"coarser.":[80],"simulation":[84],"same":[87],"algorithm":[88],"also":[89],"improves":[90],"image":[94],"reconstruction":[95],"complex":[97],"targets.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
