{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2043682579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371x04270984","title":"Predictors of African American Representation in Municipal Government","display_name":"Predictors of African American Representation in Municipal Government","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2043682579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371x04270984","mag":"2043682579"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0734371x04270984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371x04270984","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371x04270984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51277951","display_name":"Review of Public Personnel Administration","issn_l":"0734-371X","issn":["0734-371X","1552-759X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Public Personnel Administration","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010836129","display_name":"Shelton J. Goode","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206578319","display_name":"Southern Company (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02r0g0093","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206578319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shelton J. Goode","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern Company","Southern Company#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Company","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206578319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Company#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206578319"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109549528","display_name":"J. Norman Baldwin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17301866","display_name":"University of Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/03xrrjk67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Norman Baldwin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Alabama"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alabama","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.35076232,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"1","first_page":"29","last_page":"55"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10213","display_name":"Public Policy and Administration Research","score":0.37229999899864197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10213","display_name":"Public Policy and Administration Research","score":0.37229999899864197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.21279999613761902,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":0.13269999623298645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation-of-african-americans","display_name":"African American representation","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/municipal-government","display_name":"municipal government","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-service","display_name":"civil service","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personnel-managers","display_name":"personnel managers","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-american-population","display_name":"African American population","score":0.4580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mayors","display_name":"mayors","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/municipal-councillors","display_name":"municipal councillors","score":0.8199999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.8537169694900513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7020503282546997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987028688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49085","display_name":"African american","level":2,"score":0.6376675963401794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5044883489608765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992250137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11771944","display_name":"Civil service","level":3,"score":0.4568195939064026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2557224","display_name":"Explanatory power","level":2,"score":0.4517199993133545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.44258803129196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4159623384475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778719706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6501447","display_name":"Local government","level":2,"score":0.41021373867988586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780110086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161837","display_name":"Public service","level":2,"score":0.287666380405426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.23007604479789734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.22917380928993225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.1612796187400818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.12769776582717896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0734371x04270984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371x04270984","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371x04270984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51277951","display_name":"Review of Public Personnel Administration","issn_l":"0734-371X","issn":["0734-371X","1552-759X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Public Personnel Administration","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4399999976158142},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4074000120162964}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28670416","https://openalex.org/W604296988","https://openalex.org/W650812645","https://openalex.org/W654223315","https://openalex.org/W658717176","https://openalex.org/W1482240646","https://openalex.org/W1523037261","https://openalex.org/W1547430151","https://openalex.org/W1553873621","https://openalex.org/W1574597499","https://openalex.org/W1600299861","https://openalex.org/W1996411629","https://openalex.org/W1999461840","https://openalex.org/W2021223468","https://openalex.org/W2070102688","https://openalex.org/W2071970234","https://openalex.org/W2072884324","https://openalex.org/W2075763189","https://openalex.org/W2076664144","https://openalex.org/W2084263334","https://openalex.org/W2086282047","https://openalex.org/W2122501224","https://openalex.org/W2135625440","https://openalex.org/W2136971664","https://openalex.org/W2159966198","https://openalex.org/W2290706445","https://openalex.org/W2315728804","https://openalex.org/W2318553354","https://openalex.org/W2321842504","https://openalex.org/W2322847852","https://openalex.org/W2323421821","https://openalex.org/W2326536305","https://openalex.org/W2326795726","https://openalex.org/W2328190215","https://openalex.org/W2330320499","https://openalex.org/W3200251594","https://openalex.org/W4206723691","https://openalex.org/W4247140771","https://openalex.org/W4250669243","https://openalex.org/W4252882931"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2100281987","https://openalex.org/W1509769121","https://openalex.org/W7096734373","https://openalex.org/W3173270118","https://openalex.org/W1991752644","https://openalex.org/W2050194423","https://openalex.org/W7018472625","https://openalex.org/W2051803319","https://openalex.org/W2182317485","https://openalex.org/W2131349768"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,11,39,45,54,70,74,97],"results":[4],"of":[5,14,18,29,41,58,73,87,100],"a":[6],"path":[7],"analysis":[8],"that":[9,38],"investigates":[10],"explanatory":[12],"power":[13],"five":[15],"new":[16],"predictors":[17,28,57],"African":[19,42,49,59,66,88],"American":[20,50,60,67,89],"representation":[21,30,61,90],"in":[22,31,44,62,69,91,96],"city":[23,46,92],"government":[24,93],"against":[25],"eight":[26],"traditional":[27],"municipal":[32,63],"government.":[33],"The":[34],"findings":[35],"generally":[36,84],"indicate":[37],"percentage":[40],"Americans":[43],"population":[47],"and":[48,80],"personnel":[51,75],"directors":[52],"are":[53],"most":[55],"consistent":[56],"civil":[64],"service.":[65],"actors":[68],"internal":[71],"environment":[72],"game\u2014personnel":[76],"directors,":[77],"administrators,":[78],"mayors,":[79],"council":[81],"members\u2014are":[82],"also":[83],"more":[85],"predictive":[86],"than":[94],"variables":[95],"external":[98],"environments":[99],"municipalities.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
