{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2043299333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207594.2011.580348","title":"Different brain mechanisms between stereotype activation and application: Evidence from an ERP study","display_name":"Different brain mechanisms between stereotype activation and application: Evidence from an ERP study","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2043299333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207594.2011.580348","mag":"2043299333","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22047000"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00207594.2011.580348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207594.2011.580348","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207594.2011.580348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S53056752","display_name":"International Journal of Psychology","issn_l":"0020-7594","issn":["0020-7594","1464-066X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056431671","display_name":"Lei Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8166-8154","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8166-8154"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050817108","display_name":"Cheryl L. Dickter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8876-5582","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8876-5582"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16285277","display_name":"William & Mary","ror":"https://ror.org/03hsf0573","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheryl L. Dickter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027609131","display_name":"Junlong Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3755-4616","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3755-4616","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7929-0626"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junlong Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100451727","display_name":"Xiao Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4328-0634","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4328-0634","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2972-6370"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052756116","display_name":"Qun Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-9215","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-9215"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qun Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ming Lei","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112500638","display_name":"Jiang Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1688-2496","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1688-2496"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiang Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100672351","display_name":"Qinglin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7182-2795","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7182-2795"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qinglin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100672351"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"],"apc_list":{"value":3570,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3570},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0676,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87407203,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"1","first_page":"58","last_page":"66"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereotype-activation","display_name":"stereotype activation","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereotype-application","display_name":"stereotype application","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereotyping","display_name":"stereotyping","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/p2","display_name":"P2","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/n2","display_name":"N2","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/p3","display_name":"P3","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/late-positive-potential","display_name":"late positive potential","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attentional-bias","display_name":"attentional bias","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-representation","display_name":"semantic representation","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-valence","display_name":"emotional valence","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-cognition","display_name":"social cognition","score":0.414000004529953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8669344782829285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168127410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754331","display_name":"Stereotype (UML)","level":2,"score":0.7019280195236206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.49181368947029114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3692977726459503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3447338044643402}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000339","descriptor_name":"Affect","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001288","descriptor_name":"Attention","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001364","descriptor_name":"Awareness","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002540","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003463","descriptor_name":"Cues","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005071","descriptor_name":"Evoked Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005625","descriptor_name":"Frontal Lobe","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009042","descriptor_name":"Motivation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011340","descriptor_name":"Problem Solving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011930","descriptor_name":"Reaction Time","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012933","descriptor_name":"Social Identification","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013240","descriptor_name":"Stereotyping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018913","descriptor_name":"Event-Related Potentials, P300","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00207594.2011.580348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207594.2011.580348","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207594.2011.580348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S53056752","display_name":"International Journal of Psychology","issn_l":"0020-7594","issn":["0020-7594","1464-066X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22047000","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22047000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1556265050","https://openalex.org/W1594278800","https://openalex.org/W2029882935","https://openalex.org/W2052446803","https://openalex.org/W2061586925","https://openalex.org/W2066530833","https://openalex.org/W2097113428","https://openalex.org/W2099742075","https://openalex.org/W2100540780","https://openalex.org/W2100931984","https://openalex.org/W2104591832","https://openalex.org/W2111813201","https://openalex.org/W2118185485","https://openalex.org/W2118796430","https://openalex.org/W2120745375","https://openalex.org/W2132665367","https://openalex.org/W2140740601","https://openalex.org/W2141303198","https://openalex.org/W2154771323","https://openalex.org/W2160081929","https://openalex.org/W2169860125","https://openalex.org/W2229941803","https://openalex.org/W2505455801","https://openalex.org/W2610778024"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2763189809","https://openalex.org/W7024877422","https://openalex.org/W2378578928","https://openalex.org/W2963096213","https://openalex.org/W2100540780","https://openalex.org/W3112614218","https://openalex.org/W1987921783","https://openalex.org/W4310950803","https://openalex.org/W2266982371","https://openalex.org/W7095079851"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Stereotyping":[0],"involves":[1],"two":[2,30],"processes":[3,31,80,123],"in":[4,54,65,103,110,125,141,213,245],"which":[5,66],"first,":[6],"social":[7,179,210],"stereotypes":[8,15],"are":[9,16,32,243],"activated":[10],"(stereotype":[11,21],"activation),":[12],"and":[13,37,84,91,98,109,132,152,197,216,249],"then,":[14],"applied":[17],"to":[18,72,128,207,231],"given":[19,47],"targets":[20],"application).":[22],"Previous":[23],"behavioral":[24,88],"studies":[25,45],"have":[26,39,46],"suggested":[27,239],"that":[28,95,120,158,178,201,240],"these":[29,52],"independent":[33],"of":[34,51,81,147,188,224],"each":[35],"other":[36],"may":[38,218],"different":[40,137,241],"mechanisms.":[41],"As":[42],"few":[43],"psychophysiological":[44],"an":[48,104,165,222],"integrated":[49],"account":[50],"stages":[53],"stereotyping":[55],"so":[56],"far,":[57],"this":[58],"study":[59],"utilized":[60],"a":[61,111,150,170,195,229],"trait":[62],"categorization":[63,122],"task":[64],"event-related":[67],"potentials":[68],"(ERPs)":[69],"were":[70,100,135],"used":[71],"explore":[73],"the":[74,79,121,142,145,186,189,208,233,246],"brain":[75],"mechanisms":[76,242],"associated":[77,220],"with":[78,221],"stereotype":[82,96,126,148,159,190,202,247],"activation":[83,97,127,160,248],"its":[85],"application.":[86,143],"The":[87,116],"(reaction":[89],"time)":[90],"electrophysiological":[92,117,192],"data":[93,193],"showed":[94,194],"application":[99,203,250],"elicited":[101],"respectively":[102],"affective":[105],"valence":[106],"identification":[107,212],"subtask":[108],"semantic":[112,214],"content":[113],"judgment":[114],"subtask.":[115],"results":[118],"indicated":[119],"involved":[124,140,244],"quickly":[129],"identify":[130],"stereotypic":[131,226],"nonstereotypic":[133],"information":[134],"quite":[136],"from":[138],"those":[139],"During":[144,185],"process":[146,187],"activation,":[149],"P2":[151,196],"N2":[153],"effect":[154],"was":[155,175],"observed,":[156],"indicating":[157,200],"might":[161,182,204],"be":[162,183,205,219],"facilitated":[163],"by":[164],"early":[166],"attentional":[167],"bias.":[168],"Also,":[169],"late":[171],"positive":[172],"potential":[173],"(LPP)":[174],"elicited,":[176],"suggesting":[177],"expectancy":[180],"violation":[181],"involved.":[184],"application,":[191],"P3":[198],"effect,":[199],"related":[206],"rapid":[209],"knowledge":[211],"representation":[215],"thus":[217],"updating":[223],"existing":[225],"contents":[227],"or":[228],"motivation":[230],"resolve":[232],"inconsistent":[234],"information.":[235],"This":[236],"research":[237],"strongly":[238],"processes.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}