{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2043094427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cch.2004.0070","title":"Humanism and America: An Intellectual History of English Colonisation (review)","display_name":"Humanism and America: An Intellectual History of English Colonisation (review)","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2043094427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cch.2004.0070","mag":"2043094427"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/cch.2004.0070","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cch.2004.0070","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cch.2004.0070","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74935645","display_name":"Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History","issn_l":"1532-5768","issn":["1532-5768"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315678","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315678","https://openalex.org/P4310316510"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Johns Hopkins University Press","Johns Hopkins University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112088488","display_name":"Carolyn Eastman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Carolyn Eastman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112088488"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.31944869,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12076","display_name":"Renaissance and Early Modern Studies","score":0.37869998812675476,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12076","display_name":"Renaissance and Early Modern Studies","score":0.37869998812675476,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14469","display_name":"Renaissance Literature and Culture","score":0.367900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12517","display_name":"Seventeenth-Century Political and Philosophical Thought","score":0.03629999980330467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humanism","display_name":"humanism","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-colonization-of-the-americas","display_name":"English colonization of America","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mercantilism","display_name":"mercantilism","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virginia-company","display_name":"Virginia Company","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anachronism","display_name":"anachronism","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/16th-century","display_name":"16th century","score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/17th-century","display_name":"17th century","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elizabethan-and-stuart-england","display_name":"Elizabethan and Stuart England","score":0.3529999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97369593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162527","display_name":"Mercantilism","level":2,"score":0.803799033164978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29598333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50675","display_name":"Historiography","level":2,"score":0.730357825756073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153606108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46158","display_name":"Humanism","level":2,"score":0.7077158689498901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514928085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206","display_name":"Capitalism","level":3,"score":0.6517861485481262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36597679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189203","display_name":"Anachronism","level":3,"score":0.6253759860992432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.5625883936882019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.47790560126304626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3999796509742737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74916050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090","display_name":"Classics","level":1,"score":0.3559607267379761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.29862499237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.258328378200531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.19301530718803406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.12474951148033142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.1016663908958435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1353/cch.2004.0070","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cch.2004.0070","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cch.2004.0070","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74935645","display_name":"Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History","issn_l":"1532-5768","issn":["1532-5768"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315678","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315678","https://openalex.org/P4310316510"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Johns Hopkins University Press","Johns Hopkins University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:muse.jhu.edu:/article/175951","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/175951","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196299","display_name":"Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4237414739","https://openalex.org/W1989024687","https://openalex.org/W2797685363","https://openalex.org/W1506203235","https://openalex.org/W2391953560","https://openalex.org/W3003042349","https://openalex.org/W2800779609","https://openalex.org/W3186048732","https://openalex.org/W2354170024","https://openalex.org/W2132141225"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reviewed":[0],"by:":[1],"Humanism":[2,14,194],"and":[3,15,128,195,202,272,297,299,319,338,396,435,453,470,498,513,529,617],"America:":[4,16],"An":[5,17],"Intellectual":[6,18],"History":[7,19],"of":[8,20,34,39,44,46,49,83,90,151,154,162,166,174,177,206,215,242,246,263,334,358,367,377,398,433,440,451,455,466,481,562,576,582,586,662,690],"English":[9,21,76,136,208,249,306,392,416,533],"Colonisation,":[10,22],"1500\u20131625":[11],"Carolyn":[12],"Eastman":[13],"1500\u20131625.":[23],"By":[24],"Andrew":[25,192],"Fitzmaurice.":[26],"Cambridge,":[27],"Eng.:":[28],"Cambridge":[29],"University":[30],"Press,":[31],"2003.":[32],"One":[33],"the":[35,40,47,50,54,75,79,88,106,121,135,147,152,185,213,234,238,243,247,267,293,300,309,335,375,378,386,391,394,402,413,423,430,438,479,546,560,568,579,604,615,628,639,644,666,687,695],"most":[36,239,333,360],"powerful":[37],"legacies":[38],"last":[41],"thirty":[42],"years":[43],"study":[45],"colonization":[48,57,209,287],"Americas":[51],"has":[52,65,188],"been":[53],"view":[55,64,205],"that":[56,74,132,259,304,329,383,504,551,593,611,669],"efforts":[58],"were":[59,77,349,649,657],"undertaken":[60],"for":[61,72,117,228,492,495,694],"profit.":[62,663],"This":[63],"allowed":[66,305],"us":[67,198],"to":[68,102,111,172,184,254,313,320,372,374,406,419,476,478,490,517,527,543,596,606,626,638,653,679,681,685],"teach":[69],"our":[70,149,182],"students,":[71],"example,":[73,118],"not":[78,233,330,509],"high-minded":[80],"religious":[81],"idealists":[82],"nationalistic":[84],"historiography,":[85],"but":[86,179,230],"rather":[87],"precursors":[89],"capitalistic":[91],"greed":[92,265,494],"who":[93,656],"are,":[94],"if":[95,532],"less":[96],"admirable,":[97],"at":[98,665],"least":[99],"more":[100,464],"recognizable":[101],"modern":[103],"students.":[104],"Despite":[105],"care":[107,171],"we":[108],"generally":[109],"take":[110,170],"complicate":[112],"those":[113,344,459],"notions":[114],"-":[115,116,144,145,270,271],"by":[119,129,210,308,352,515,660],"noting":[120],"multiple":[122],"problems":[123],"with":[124,199,323],"terming":[125],"this":[126,216,231,631],"capitalism,":[127,178],"reminding":[130],"students":[131],"it":[133,565,677],"took":[134],"decades":[137,165],"before":[138],"they":[139,588,674],"actually":[140],"realized":[141],"any":[142],"profit":[143,186],"on":[146,559,614,643],"whole,":[148],"understanding":[150],"motivations":[153],"early":[155,207,286,310,547],"colonizers":[156,337],"shifted":[157,566],"irrevocably":[158],"as":[159,276,485,564,624,636],"a":[160,200,226,273,355,364,521,536],"result":[161],"these":[163],"recent":[164],"research.":[167],"We":[168],"may":[169],"speak":[173],"mercantilism":[175,224,298],"instead":[176],"in":[180,284,401,437,538,545,590,603,683],"general,":[181],"adherence":[183],"narrative":[187],"remained":[189,260],"steadfast.":[190],"But":[191,500,642],"Fitzmaurice\u2019s":[193,556],"America":[196],"provides":[197],"new":[201],"thoroughly":[203],"historicist":[204],"pointing":[211],"out":[212],"anachronisms":[214],"grand":[217],"narrative.":[218],"To":[219],"be":[220,510,597],"sure,":[221],"he":[222,291],"acknowledges,":[223],"was":[225,232,385,488,608,622,634],"motive":[227],"colonization,":[229],"sole":[235],"or":[236],"even":[237,343],"distinctive":[240],"feature":[241],"cultural":[244],"world":[245],"late":[248],"Renaissance.":[250],"That":[251],"honor":[252,436,526,544,613],"goes":[253],"humanism,":[255],"an":[256,281,441,609],"intellectual":[257],"movement":[258,274],"overwhelmingly":[261],"skeptical":[262],"monetary":[264],"during":[266,412,567],"sixteenth":[268,414,569],"century":[269],"which,":[275,484],"Fitzmaurice":[277,381,421],"carefully":[278],"demonstrates,":[279],"played":[280,535],"important":[282,336],"role":[283,537,561],"shaping":[285],"efforts.":[288],"Most":[289],"significantly,":[290],"reveals":[292],"interconnections":[294],"between":[295],"humanism":[296,353,384],"changes":[301],"over":[302,554],"time":[303,668],"humanists,":[307],"seventeenth":[311],"century,":[312,415],"overcome":[314],"their":[315,505,518],"anxieties":[316],"about":[317],"empire":[318],"pursue":[321],"wealth":[322,467,497],"clear":[324],"consciences.":[325],"He":[326],"also":[327,502,675],"shows":[328],"only":[331,475],"did":[332,550],"promoters":[339],"have":[340],"humanistic":[341,670],"educations;":[342],"without":[345],"such":[346],"elite":[347],"educations":[348],"fundamentally":[350],"influenced":[351,659],"via":[354],"wide":[356,365],"range":[357,366],"popularizers,":[359],"notably":[361],"ministers.":[362],"Using":[363],"documents,":[368],"from":[369],"promotional":[370],"tracts":[371],"sermons":[373],"writings":[376],"Virginia":[379],"Company,":[380],"demonstrates":[382],"primary":[387],"lens":[388],"through":[389],"which":[390,427],"understood":[393],"promises":[395],"terms":[397,422],"establishing":[399],"colonies":[400],"Americas.":[403],"Humanists":[404,473],"hastened":[405],"dictate":[407],"colonization\u2019s":[408],"proper":[409],"path.":[410],"Especially":[411],"thinkers":[417],"adhered":[418],"what":[420],"Ciceronian":[424,580],"humanist":[425],"ethos,":[426],"held":[428],"up":[429],"overriding":[431],"importance":[432],"virtue":[434,469],"pursuit":[439],"active":[442],"civic":[443],"life.":[444],"These":[445],"ethics":[446],"made":[447],"them":[448],"deeply":[449],"cautious":[450],"conquest":[452],"possession":[454],"others\u2019":[456],"lands,":[457],"since":[458],"activities":[460],"could":[461],"make":[462],"citizens":[463],"desirous":[465],"than":[468],"right":[471],"actions.":[472],"needed":[474],"point":[477],"example":[480],"imperial":[482],"Rome":[483],"Cicero":[486],"warned,":[487],"subjected":[489],"justice":[491],"its":[493],"foreign":[496],"land.":[499],"humanists":[501,534,572],"promised":[503],"own":[506],"fate":[507],"need":[508],"so":[511],"dark":[512],"that,":[514],"adhering":[516],"virtuous":[519],"intentions,":[520],"\u201cnew":[522],"commonwealth\u201d":[523],"would":[524,594],"bring":[525],"God":[528],"nation.":[530],"So":[531],"keeping":[539],"colonizing":[540],"projects":[541],"oriented":[542],"years,":[548],"how":[549],"orientation":[552],"change":[553],"time?":[555],"argument":[557],"pivots":[558],"rhetoric":[563],"century.":[570],"As":[571],"embraced":[573],"classical":[574],"styles":[575],"rhetoric,":[577],"specifically":[578],"use":[581],"deliberative,":[583],"politically-oriented":[584],"modes":[585],"persuasion,":[587],"engaged":[589],"two":[591],"endeavors":[592],"prove":[595],"contradictory.":[598],"On":[599],"one":[600],"hand,":[601,646],"mastery":[602],"ability":[605],"persuade":[607,654],"accomplishment":[610],"conferred":[612],"orator":[616],"society":[618],"alike":[619],"because":[620],"oratory":[621,633],"viewed":[623,635],"central":[625,637],"sustaining":[627],"commonwealth.":[629],"In":[630],"regard,":[632],"civilizing":[640],"process.":[641],"other":[645],"pro-colonization":[647],"rhetors":[648],"sometimes":[650],"called":[651],"upon":[652],"individuals":[655],"best":[658],"discussions":[661],"Thus,":[664],"same":[667],"orators":[671],"eschewed":[672],"greed,":[673],"found":[676],"necessary":[678],"appeal":[680],"profiteers":[682],"order":[684],"achieve":[686],"greater":[688],"goal":[689],"garnering":[691],"economic":[692],"support":[693],"honorable":[696],"commonwealth...":[697]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}