{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2042950801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2010.111","title":"How Programmers Debug, Revisited: An Information Foraging Theory Perspective","display_name":"How Programmers Debug, Revisited: An Information Foraging Theory Perspective","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-12-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2042950801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2010.111","mag":"2042950801"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2010.111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2010.111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2010.111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-a","cwts-core","dongbi-a","fnege-3","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000524063","display_name":"Joseph Lawrance","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198034347","display_name":"Wentworth Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03tqeft14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198034347"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Lawrance","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA","Oregon State University, USA","Wentworth Institute of Technology, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wentworth Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198034347"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026486394","display_name":"Christopher Bogart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8581-115X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8581-115X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Bogart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oregon State University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011173372","display_name":"Margaret Burnett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6536-7629","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6536-7629"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margaret Burnett","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA","Oregon State University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054098149","display_name":"Rachel Bellamy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9403-2913","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9403-2913"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel Bellamy","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001707265","display_name":"Kyle Rector","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4607-0920","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4607-0920"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyle Rector","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oregon State University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Scott D. Fleming","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott D. Fleming","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oregon State University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.1572,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":150,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97687236,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"2","first_page":"197","last_page":"215"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.70169997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.70169997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.2312999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.03669999912381172,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-foraging-theory","display_name":"information foraging theory","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-scent","display_name":"information scent","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verbalization","display_name":"verbalization","score":0.4359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering-tools","display_name":"software engineering tools","score":0.7179999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168065819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845566","display_name":"Debugging","level":2,"score":0.9273780584335327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8335063457489014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136388014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084976","display_name":"Algorithmic program debugging","level":3,"score":0.7584349513053894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778514511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374194","display_name":"Programmer","level":2,"score":0.6411856412887573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160145156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778586","display_name":"Executable","level":2,"score":0.6079282164573669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5647186040878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148609458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7021281","display_name":"Nexus (standard)","level":2,"score":0.4734453856945038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4244881868362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.39642226696014404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.10213091969490051}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tse.2010.111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2010.111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tse.2010.111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8351582","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"0098-5589","issn":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-a","cwts-core","dongbi-a","fnege-3","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W74402279","https://openalex.org/W216499477","https://openalex.org/W1518210243","https://openalex.org/W1658908529","https://openalex.org/W1660390307","https://openalex.org/W1842503650","https://openalex.org/W1971040550","https://openalex.org/W1971344984","https://openalex.org/W1978714842","https://openalex.org/W1983578042","https://openalex.org/W1984450253","https://openalex.org/W1984681168","https://openalex.org/W1995487812","https://openalex.org/W2007143462","https://openalex.org/W2016540947","https://openalex.org/W2022557060","https://openalex.org/W2026645894","https://openalex.org/W2027006565","https://openalex.org/W2030348613","https://openalex.org/W2050187629","https://openalex.org/W2057746255","https://openalex.org/W2080957854","https://openalex.org/W2082557450","https://openalex.org/W2082679772","https://openalex.org/W2092919341","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2099571428","https://openalex.org/W2106015812","https://openalex.org/W2116357421","https://openalex.org/W2120339078","https://openalex.org/W2120704737","https://openalex.org/W2125480321","https://openalex.org/W2125889680","https://openalex.org/W2128042018","https://openalex.org/W2129874624","https://openalex.org/W2133961160","https://openalex.org/W2134080718","https://openalex.org/W2135075522","https://openalex.org/W2141558501","https://openalex.org/W2148329403","https://openalex.org/W2150240046","https://openalex.org/W2151996389","https://openalex.org/W2155223492","https://openalex.org/W2156598334","https://openalex.org/W2160570190","https://openalex.org/W2161676644","https://openalex.org/W2333057202","https://openalex.org/W2761423408","https://openalex.org/W2906151105","https://openalex.org/W3139818494","https://openalex.org/W4205947405","https://openalex.org/W4214560811","https://openalex.org/W4229772528","https://openalex.org/W4232512250","https://openalex.org/W4233240690","https://openalex.org/W4239049496","https://openalex.org/W4241558139","https://openalex.org/W4242593099","https://openalex.org/W4243216998"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517989652","https://openalex.org/W2940570006","https://openalex.org/W2160570190","https://openalex.org/W3139818494","https://openalex.org/W2088325320","https://openalex.org/W2112627888","https://openalex.org/W3162539708","https://openalex.org/W2044049174","https://openalex.org/W2007143462","https://openalex.org/W7128812742"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"theories":[1],"of":[2,17,29,38,56,70,97,124,131,158,187],"human":[3],"debugging":[4,52,71,77,135],"rely":[5],"on":[6],"complex":[7],"mental":[8,115],"constructs":[9,96],"that":[10,72,95,143,166,176],"offer":[11],"little":[12],"practical":[13,33],"advice":[14],"to":[15,35,81,86,104,114],"builders":[16],"software":[18,192],"engineering":[19,193],"tools.":[20,194],"Although":[21],"hypotheses":[22],"are":[23],"important":[24],"in":[25,43,53,89],"debugging,":[26,111],"a":[27,60,82,136],"theory":[28,69,93,126],"navigation":[30,75,109,169],"adds":[31],"more":[32,148,171],"value":[34],"our":[36,125,159,188],"understanding":[37],"how":[39,48],"programmers":[40,134],"debug.":[41],"Therefore,":[42],"this":[44],"paper,":[45],"we":[46,161,183],"reconsider":[47],"people":[49],"go":[50],"about":[51],"large":[54],"collections":[55],"source":[57,139],"code":[58],"using":[59],"modern":[61],"programming":[62],"environment.":[63],"We":[64,120,141],"present":[65],"an":[66,128,163],"information":[67,103,180],"foraging":[68],"treats":[73],"programmer":[74,108,168],"during":[76,110],"as":[78,118],"being":[79],"analogous":[80],"predator":[83],"following":[84],"scent":[85,98],"find":[87],"prey":[88],"the":[90,122,144,156,185],"wild.":[91],"The":[92],"proposes":[94],"and":[99,106],"topology":[100],"provide":[101],"enough":[102],"describe":[105],"predict":[107],"without":[112],"reference":[113],"states":[116],"such":[117],"hypotheses.":[119,153],"investigate":[121],"scope":[123],"through":[127],"empirical":[129],"study":[130],"10":[132],"professional":[133],"real-world":[137],"open":[138],"program.":[140],"found":[142],"programmers'":[145],"verbalizations":[146],"far":[147],"often":[149],"concerned":[150],"scent-following":[151],"than":[152,173],"To":[154],"evaluate":[155],"predictiveness":[157],"theory,":[160],"created":[162],"executable":[164],"model":[165],"predicted":[167],"behavior":[170],"accurately":[172],"comparable":[174],"models":[175],"did":[177],"not":[178],"consider":[179],"scent.":[181],"Finally,":[182],"discuss":[184],"implications":[186],"results":[189],"for":[190],"enhancing":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
