{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2042894685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.87.24.9679","title":"Cross-linked A alpha.gamma chain hybrids serve as unique markers for fibrinogen polymerized by tissue transglutaminase.","display_name":"Cross-linked A alpha.gamma chain hybrids serve as unique markers for fibrinogen polymerized by tissue transglutaminase.","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2042894685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.87.24.9679","mag":"2042894685","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1979874","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/55236"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.87.24.9679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.87.24.9679","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.87.24.9679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/55236","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S N Murthy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S N Murthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023311552","display_name":"Laszlo Lorand","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L Lorand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3329,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94042989,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"87","issue":"24","first_page":"9679","last_page":"9682"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11721","display_name":"Blood properties and coagulation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11721","display_name":"Blood properties and coagulation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10881","display_name":"Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12548","display_name":"Hemostasis and retained surgical items","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fibrinogen","display_name":"fibrinogen","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-transglutaminase","display_name":"tissue transglutaminase","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factor-xiiia","display_name":"factor XIIIa","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-linking","display_name":"crosslinking","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fibrinogen-polymerization","display_name":"fibrinogen polymerization","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fibrinogen-chains","display_name":"fibrinogen chains","score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thrombosis","display_name":"thrombosis","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thrombus-formation","display_name":"thrombus formation","score":0.6570000052452087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178498320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14903608","display_name":"Tissue transglutaminase","level":3,"score":0.9592850804328918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911038020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423712","display_name":"Factor XIIIa","level":3,"score":0.9047977924346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779036427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381899","display_name":"Fibrinogen","level":2,"score":0.6692451238632202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.5661077499389648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152204938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4735158","display_name":"Alpha chain","level":3,"score":0.5620525479316711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779349466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181619","display_name":"Glutamine","level":3,"score":0.5005159378051758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.4971361458301544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777292125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409166","display_name":"Thrombin","level":3,"score":0.4268453121185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167625842","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899763","display_name":"Peptide sequence","level":3,"score":0.42660266160964966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64943373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2651003","display_name":"Alpha (finance)","level":4,"score":0.4202621877193451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.40761661529541016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C515207424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8066","display_name":"Amino acid","level":2,"score":0.3813651204109192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.37590736150741577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3713623881340027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.15771141648292542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89560881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101026","display_name":"Platelet","level":2,"score":0.1165294349193573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10253682732582092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775944032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22907659","display_name":"Patient satisfaction","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49453240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1592163","display_name":"Construct validity","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004587","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Agar Gel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004912","descriptor_name":"Erythrocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005176","descriptor_name":"Factor XIII","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005340","descriptor_name":"Fibrinogen","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005340","descriptor_name":"Fibrinogen","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006168","descriptor_name":"Guinea Pigs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008099","descriptor_name":"Liver","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008970","descriptor_name":"Molecular Weight","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011503","descriptor_name":"Transglutaminases","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015180","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D046911","descriptor_name":"Macromolecular Substances","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055503","descriptor_name":"Protein Multimerization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.87.24.9679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.87.24.9679","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.87.24.9679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:55236","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/55236","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:1979874","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1979874","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:55236","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/55236","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1748939705","display_name":"HUMAN ERYTHROCYTE STUDIES","funder_award_id":"2r01dk025412-09","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G372560590","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL 03512","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G443885590","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HL16346","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G461823877","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DK-25412","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7390996258","display_name":"BLOOD, MUSCLE AND PROSTATE CHEMISTRY","funder_award_id":"4k06hl003512-31","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/012pb6c26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1433679920","https://openalex.org/W1527634600","https://openalex.org/W1538720735","https://openalex.org/W1553444768","https://openalex.org/W1554807651","https://openalex.org/W1606423922","https://openalex.org/W1625660792","https://openalex.org/W1964661630","https://openalex.org/W1965251257","https://openalex.org/W1971305890","https://openalex.org/W1997688215","https://openalex.org/W1999504108","https://openalex.org/W2007019333","https://openalex.org/W2017405539","https://openalex.org/W2018289835","https://openalex.org/W2027051600","https://openalex.org/W2034108358","https://openalex.org/W2046153111","https://openalex.org/W2060115924","https://openalex.org/W2082873615","https://openalex.org/W2101108802","https://openalex.org/W2150314888"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536945368","https://openalex.org/W1642501677","https://openalex.org/W2138966030","https://openalex.org/W126825949","https://openalex.org/W1971409224","https://openalex.org/W2023486655","https://openalex.org/W2900616631","https://openalex.org/W2408766184","https://openalex.org/W2083965082","https://openalex.org/W4301705356"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Notwithstanding":[0],"the":[1,14,32,37,45,49,56,65,72,119,140,155,170],"high":[2],"degree":[3],"of":[4,40,47,58,64,82,121,146,158,176],"amino":[5],"acid":[6],"sequence":[7],"homologies":[8],"between":[9],"human":[10,29,53],"factor":[11,61,173],"XIIIa":[12],"on":[13,31],"one":[15],"hand":[16],"and":[17,97,105,143,172],"intracellular":[18,78],"transglutaminases":[19],"(protein-glutamine:amine":[20],"gamma-glutamyltransferase,":[21],"EC":[22],"2.3.2.13)":[23],"from":[24],"guinea":[25],"pig":[26],"liver":[27],"or":[28],"erythrocytes":[30],"other,":[33],"we":[34],"find":[35],"that":[36],"two":[38],"sets":[39],"enzymes":[41],"differ":[42],"remarkably":[43],"in":[44,152,167],"mode":[46],"cross-linking":[48,157],"same":[50],"protein":[51,129],"substrate--i.e.,":[52],"fibrinogen.":[54,147],"In":[55],"program":[57],"polymerization":[59],"with":[60,76],"XIIIa,":[62],"production":[63,120],"known":[66],"gamma-gamma'":[67,108],"homologous":[68],"chain":[69,88],"pairs":[70],"is":[71,103,114],"dominant":[73],"feature,":[74],"whereas":[75],"either":[77],"transglutaminase,":[79],"a":[80],"series":[81],"hitherto":[83],"unidentified":[84],"A":[85,91,122,141],"alpha.gamma":[86],"hybrid":[87],"combinations,":[89],"designated":[90],"alpha":[92,123,142],"p":[93,124],"gamma":[94,125,144],"q":[95,98,126],"(p":[96],"=":[99],"1,":[100],"2,":[101],"3...),":[102],"generated":[104],"practically":[106],"no":[107],"dimers":[109],"are":[110],"formed.":[111],"Two-dimensional":[112],"electrophoresis":[113],"particularly":[115],"useful":[116],"for":[117],"demonstrating":[118],"structures":[127],"by":[128,134,160],"staining":[130],"as":[131,133],"well":[132],"immunoblotting":[135],"against":[136],"specific":[137],"antibodies":[138],"to":[139,164,169],"chains":[145],"These":[148],"findings":[149],"should":[150],"aid":[151],"deciding":[153],"whether":[154],"direct":[156],"fibrinogen":[159],"transglutaminase":[161],"might":[162],"contribute":[163],"thrombotic":[165],"processes":[166],"addition":[168],"thrombin-":[171],"XIIIa-dependent":[174],"pathway":[175],"clot":[177],"formation.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
