{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2042876134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2003.00191.x","title":"A suggested revision of the Ward Atmosphere Scale","display_name":"A suggested revision of the Ward Atmosphere Scale","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2042876134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2003.00191.x","mag":"2042876134","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14531758"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.2003.00191.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2003.00191.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2003.00191.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199498439","display_name":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica","issn_l":"0001-690X","issn":["0001-690X","1600-0447"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039321265","display_name":"Jan Ivar R\u00f8ssberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4115-9133","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4115-9133"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281400175","display_name":"Oslo University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9c2840","country_code":"NO","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. I. R\u00f8ssberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Ullev\u00e5l University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. j.i.rxssberg@psykiatri.uio.no","Department of Psychiatry, Ullev\u00e5l University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Ullev\u00e5l University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. j.i.rxssberg@psykiatri.uio.no","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Ullev\u00e5l University Hospital, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013574347","display_name":"Svein Friis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9738-7023","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9738-7023"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281400175","display_name":"Oslo University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9c2840","country_code":"NO","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Friis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Ulleva\u030al University Hospital, Oslo, Norway","Department of Psychiatry, Ullev\u00e5l University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Ulleva\u030al University Hospital, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Ullev\u00e5l University Hospital, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039321265"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175"],"apc_list":{"value":4880,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4880},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0357,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":81,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86691248,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"108","issue":"5","first_page":"374","last_page":"380"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13944","display_name":"Psychiatric care and mental health services","score":0.8740000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13944","display_name":"Psychiatric care and mental health services","score":0.8740000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11722","display_name":"Patient Satisfaction in Healthcare","score":0.04149999842047691,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.012600000016391277,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-revision","display_name":"scale revision","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychometric-properties","display_name":"psychometric properties","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatric-ward","display_name":"psychiatric ward","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychotic-patients","display_name":"psychotic patients","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ward-atmosphere","display_name":"ward atmosphere","score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-satisfaction","display_name":"patient satisfaction","score":0.847000002861023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7025902271270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106906290","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140909","display_name":"Cronbach's alpha","level":3,"score":0.7006214261054993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.6408042311668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779302386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79871","display_name":"Anger","level":2,"score":0.6361416578292847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.5703820586204529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5275290012359619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779448149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191797","display_name":"Aggression","level":2,"score":0.46914806962013245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.41013622283935547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.40866273641586304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000374","descriptor_name":"Aggression","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000786","descriptor_name":"Anger","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001291","descriptor_name":"Attitude of Health Personnel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006785","descriptor_name":"Hospitals, University","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007297","descriptor_name":"Inpatients","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007400","descriptor_name":"Interprofessional Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009664","descriptor_name":"Norway","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011369","descriptor_name":"Professional-Patient Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011567","descriptor_name":"Psychiatric Department, Hospital","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011594","descriptor_name":"Psychometrics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011618","descriptor_name":"Psychotic Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011618","descriptor_name":"Psychotic Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011785","descriptor_name":"Quality Assurance, Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012919","descriptor_name":"Social Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012931","descriptor_name":"Social Environment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012944","descriptor_name":"Social Support","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017060","descriptor_name":"Patient Satisfaction","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.2003.00191.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2003.00191.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2003.00191.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199498439","display_name":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica","issn_l":"0001-690X","issn":["0001-690X","1600-0447"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:14531758","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14531758","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5683000087738037,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W180849224","https://openalex.org/W1778046622","https://openalex.org/W1967583049","https://openalex.org/W1968011451","https://openalex.org/W1977349671","https://openalex.org/W1981445914","https://openalex.org/W1982252354","https://openalex.org/W1987823097","https://openalex.org/W1992112725","https://openalex.org/W1994839422","https://openalex.org/W2019398887","https://openalex.org/W2026261764","https://openalex.org/W2030933940","https://openalex.org/W2030944863","https://openalex.org/W2035088950","https://openalex.org/W2037253151","https://openalex.org/W2037295832","https://openalex.org/W2050854554","https://openalex.org/W2089275351","https://openalex.org/W2094537133","https://openalex.org/W2206924606","https://openalex.org/W2318827736","https://openalex.org/W2492614289"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987823097","https://openalex.org/W2088162622","https://openalex.org/W1971000437","https://openalex.org/W2089275351","https://openalex.org/W3040300078","https://openalex.org/W2151670862","https://openalex.org/W2073196902","https://openalex.org/W15243696","https://openalex.org/W1985731458","https://openalex.org/W2004368112"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"In":[1],"a":[2,8,87,104],"previous":[3],"study,":[4],"we":[5],"have":[6],"suggested":[7,125],"revision":[9,124,138],"of":[10,20,29,34,42,89,107,114,131,145],"the":[11,14,26,30,35,57,60,69,78,92,108,111,118,132,142,146],"Anger/Aggression":[12],"and":[13,45,59,77,82,102,117],"Spontaneity":[15],"subscales.":[16,133],"The":[17,96,123],"main":[18],"aim":[19],"this":[21,127,137],"study":[22,128],"was":[23],"to":[24],"re-evaluate":[25],"psychometric":[27,93],"properties":[28,94],"other":[31],"eight":[32],"subscales":[33,81,98],"Ward":[36],"Atmosphere":[37],"Scale.":[38],"METHOD:":[39],"A":[40],"total":[41,88],"550":[43],"patients":[44,55],"822":[46],"staff":[47],"members":[48],"on":[49],"54":[50],"psychiatric":[51],"wards":[52],"for":[53],"psychotic":[54],"completed":[56],"WAS":[58,119],"Good":[61],"Milieu":[62],"Index":[63],"(GMI).":[64],"We":[65,134],"calculated":[66],"Cronbach's":[67],"alpha,":[68],"Corrected":[70],"Item":[71],"Total":[72],"subscale":[73,75,120],"Correlation,":[74],"intercorrelations":[76],"correlation":[79],"between":[80,110],"GMI.":[83],"RESULTS:":[84],"By":[85],"removing":[86],"16":[90],"items,":[91],"improved.":[95],"revised":[97],"had":[99],"acceptable":[100],"psychometrics":[101],"gave":[103],"clearer":[105],"picture":[106],"relationship":[109],"perceived":[112],"level":[113],"patient":[115],"satisfaction":[116],"scores.":[121],"CONCLUSION:":[122],"in":[126,141],"'modernized'":[129],"several":[130],"suggest":[135],"that":[136],"is":[139],"implemented":[140],"future":[143],"use":[144],"WAS.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}