{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2042746935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.8.000682","title":"UV light induced surface expansion phenomenon of hybrid glass thin films","display_name":"UV light induced surface expansion phenomenon of hybrid glass thin films","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2042746935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.8.000682","mag":"2042746935","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19421258"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/oe.8.000682","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.8.000682","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.8.000682","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178776955","display_name":"Optics Express","issn_l":"1094-4087","issn":["1094-4087"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics Express","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.8.000682","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103692459","display_name":"Juha T. Rantala","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juha Rantala","raw_affiliation_strings":["GuideOptics Oy, P.O. Box 114, FIN-90570 Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GuideOptics Oy, P.O. Box 114, FIN-90570 Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062176069","display_name":"Ari H. O. Karkkainen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5292-5254","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5292-5254"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87653560","display_name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/04b181w54","country_code":"FI","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089493","https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ari Karkkainen","raw_affiliation_strings":["VTT Electronics, P.O. Box 1100 FIN-90571 Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VTT Electronics, P.O. Box 1100 FIN-90571 Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001911661","display_name":"Jussi A. Hiltunen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7944-9788","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7944-9788"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87653560","display_name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/04b181w54","country_code":"FI","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089493","https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Hiltunen","raw_affiliation_strings":["VTT Electronics, P.O. Box 1100 FIN-90571 Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VTT Electronics, P.O. Box 1100 FIN-90571 Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010363675","display_name":"Mikko Ker\u00e4nen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87653560","display_name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/04b181w54","country_code":"FI","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089493","https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Keranen","raw_affiliation_strings":["VTT Electronics, P.O. Box 1100 FIN-90571 Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VTT Electronics, P.O. Box 1100 FIN-90571 Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022531510","display_name":"Terho K. Kololuoma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9656-5086","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9656-5086"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87653560","display_name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/04b181w54","country_code":"FI","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089493","https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Kololuoma","raw_affiliation_strings":["VTT Electronics, P.O. Box 1100 FIN-90571 Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VTT Electronics, P.O. Box 1100 FIN-90571 Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011861267","display_name":"Michael R. Descour","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Descour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Optical Sciences Center, the University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optical Sciences Center, the University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2270},"apc_paid":{"value":2270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2270},"fwci":3.2453,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9087586,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"13","first_page":"682","last_page":"682"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10732","display_name":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","score":0.6176999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10732","display_name":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","score":0.6176999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11723","display_name":"Optical Coatings and Gratings","score":0.21250000596046448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10544","display_name":"Glass properties and applications","score":0.030799999833106995,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2503","display_name":"Ceramics and Composites"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-phase-deposition","display_name":"liquid phase deposition","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sol-gel-glass","display_name":"sol-gel glass","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffraction-grating-fabrication","display_name":"diffraction grating fabrication","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoresponsive-materials","display_name":"photoresponsive materials","score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-roughness","display_name":"surface roughness","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extinction-coefficient","display_name":"extinction coefficient","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refractive-index","display_name":"refractive index","score":0.8730000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8398371934890747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.7750155329704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42067758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174102","display_name":"Refractive index","level":2,"score":0.7283116579055786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19067145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137203","display_name":"Thin film","level":2,"score":0.52329021692276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207114421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133900","display_name":"Diffraction","level":2,"score":0.5071542263031006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204366326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3027650","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.488543838262558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18355248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850922","display_name":"Diffraction efficiency","level":3,"score":0.4858503043651581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777813233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1527816","display_name":"Grating","level":2,"score":0.4843696057796478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107365816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114817","display_name":"Surface roughness","level":2,"score":0.4682377874851227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.46016666293144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126753812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q653294","display_name":"Diffraction grating","level":3,"score":0.4221556484699249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.3660537898540497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.27830755710601807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.07843908667564392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1364/oe.8.000682","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.8.000682","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.8.000682","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178776955","display_name":"Optics Express","issn_l":"1094-4087","issn":["1094-4087"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics Express","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19421258","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19421258","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics express","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/oe.8.000682","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.8.000682","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.8.000682","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178776955","display_name":"Optics Express","issn_l":"1094-4087","issn":["1094-4087"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optics Express","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","display_name":"Academy of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05k73zm37"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976068930","https://openalex.org/W1982044192","https://openalex.org/W1996271088","https://openalex.org/W2001996840","https://openalex.org/W2024416220","https://openalex.org/W2034776444","https://openalex.org/W2049319445"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039311795","https://openalex.org/W1987878775","https://openalex.org/W2051667319","https://openalex.org/W1982044192","https://openalex.org/W2018426627","https://openalex.org/W2049288007","https://openalex.org/W2080955934","https://openalex.org/W2024416220","https://openalex.org/W1970460778","https://openalex.org/W2031504907"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Liquid-phase":[0],"deposition":[1],"of":[2,13,38,42,52,66,98,100,108,118,130],"sol-gel":[3],"method":[4],"derived":[5],"hybrid":[6,18,54,92],"glass":[7,19,55,93],"materials":[8],"is":[9,34],"utilized":[10],"for":[11],"fabrication":[12],"UV-light-sensitive":[14],"thin":[15],"films.":[16],"The":[17,30,46,76,91],"material":[20,81,94],"undergoes":[21],"a":[22,39,85],"surface-relief":[23],"deformation":[24,32,78],"when":[25,79],"exposed":[26,44],"to":[27,59],"UV":[28,47],"light.":[29],"observed":[31],"phenomenon":[33],"in":[35],"the":[36,43,53,80],"form":[37],"physical":[40],"expansion":[41,51],"areas.":[45],"light":[48],"induced":[49],"surface":[50,106],"film":[56],"was":[57,82,88],"used":[58],"fabricate":[60],"near-sinusoidal":[61],"diffraction":[62,86],"gratings":[63],"with":[64],"periods":[65],"24":[67],"microm,":[68,70,72,104],"18":[69],"12":[71],"and":[73,115,123,133],"9":[74],"microm.":[75,90],"maximum":[77],"patterned":[83],"as":[84],"grating":[87],"0.685":[89],"features":[95],"an":[96],"index":[97],"refraction":[99],"1.52":[101],"at":[102,128],"632.8":[103],"rms":[105],"roughness":[107],"2.2":[109],"+/-":[110],"0.8":[111],"microm":[112],"after":[113],"processing,":[114],"extinction":[116],"coefficients":[117],"1.2":[119],"x":[120,125],"10-3":[121,126],"microm-1":[122],"0.47":[124],"mm-1":[127],"wavelengths":[129],"633":[131],"nm":[132],"1550":[134],"nm,":[135],"respectively.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}