{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2041655152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.11.5319","title":"A mutation that allows endosperm development without fertilization.","display_name":"A mutation that allows endosperm development without fertilization.","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2041655152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.11.5319","mag":"2041655152","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11607683","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/39243"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.93.11.5319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.11.5319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.11.5319","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC39243/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087902864","display_name":"Nir Ohad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7094-2939","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7094-2939"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N Ohad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102","Institute, Ithaca, NY,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute, Ithaca, NY,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018446397","display_name":"Linda J. Margossian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L Margossian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102","Institute, Ithaca, NY,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute, Ithaca, NY,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Y C Hsu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y C Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102","Institute, Ithaca, NY,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute, Ithaca, NY,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"C Williams","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102","Institute, Ithaca, NY,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute, Ithaca, NY,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054538504","display_name":"Peter P. Repetti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Repetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102","Institute, Ithaca, NY,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute, Ithaca, NY,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026655845","display_name":"Robert L. Fischer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2693-8780","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2693-8780"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R L Fischer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102","Institute, Ithaca, NY,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute, Ithaca, NY,","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3261,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":421,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95544847,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"93","issue":"11","first_page":"5319","last_page":"5324"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11927","display_name":"Plant Reproductive Biology","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11927","display_name":"Plant Reproductive Biology","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10184","display_name":"Plant Molecular Biology Research","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10364","display_name":"Reproductive Biology and Fertility","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endosperm-development","display_name":"endosperm development","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-gametophyte","display_name":"embryo sac","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-cell","display_name":"central cell","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabidopsis-thaliana","display_name":"Arabidopsis thaliana","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-coat-development","display_name":"seed coat development","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-development","display_name":"fruit development","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embryo-abortion","display_name":"embryo abortion","score":0.6510000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113442657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25624","display_name":"Endosperm","level":2,"score":0.9456111192703247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148885314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189951","display_name":"Gametophyte","level":3,"score":0.9425669312477112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8608791828155518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777095108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321695","display_name":"Egg cell","level":3,"score":0.8374513983726501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92324200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380138","display_name":"Ovule","level":3,"score":0.7234596014022827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14348934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277657","display_name":"Double fertilization","level":5,"score":0.6490878462791443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88972607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2666904","display_name":"Human fertilization","level":2,"score":0.5883152484893799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196843134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33196","display_name":"Embryo","level":2,"score":0.5799272060394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.5351112484931946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166131982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2330966","display_name":"Megaspore","level":4,"score":0.4950229525566101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781087480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17145","display_name":"Sperm","level":2,"score":0.48634058237075806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143191323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118406","display_name":"Ploidy","level":3,"score":0.46710100769996643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87073359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33196","display_name":"Embryogenesis","level":3,"score":0.4320030212402344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.4200907051563263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.3988876938819885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34069715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1429464","display_name":"Pollen tube","level":4,"score":0.2776181399822235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780618852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79932","display_name":"Pollen","level":2,"score":0.2249964475631714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168197293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134624","display_name":"Pollination","level":3,"score":0.12034964561462402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.06077048182487488}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.93.11.5319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.11.5319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.11.5319","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11607683","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11607683","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:39243","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC39243/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:39243","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC39243/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.40450000762939453,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539503448","https://openalex.org/W1564160199","https://openalex.org/W1974813506","https://openalex.org/W1978661900","https://openalex.org/W1983668154","https://openalex.org/W1985467296","https://openalex.org/W2003382696","https://openalex.org/W2020551706","https://openalex.org/W2031001450","https://openalex.org/W2037787269","https://openalex.org/W2038818818","https://openalex.org/W2053341379","https://openalex.org/W2069453610","https://openalex.org/W2088237665","https://openalex.org/W2089648708","https://openalex.org/W2099816484","https://openalex.org/W2115748778","https://openalex.org/W2130674694","https://openalex.org/W2136081947","https://openalex.org/W2153731402","https://openalex.org/W2154778106","https://openalex.org/W2319457725","https://openalex.org/W4235990817"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2084626940","https://openalex.org/W2147682418","https://openalex.org/W2488751792","https://openalex.org/W4206440349","https://openalex.org/W2044887826","https://openalex.org/W2166131099","https://openalex.org/W3124068243","https://openalex.org/W2167072589","https://openalex.org/W1990850963","https://openalex.org/W1885982664"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,100,121,175],"mechanisms":[1,83],"that":[2,55,84,133,136,157,167],"initiate":[3,85],"reproductive":[4,86,219],"development":[5,118,144],"after":[6],"fertilization":[7,23],"are":[8,145],"not":[9,125,180],"understood.":[10],"Reproduction":[11],"in":[12,25,98,197],"higher":[13],"plants":[14],"is":[15,19,162,179],"unique":[16,53],"because":[17],"it":[18],"initiated":[20],"by":[21,182,192],"two":[22],"events":[24],"the":[26,34,38,45,50,57,60,68,72,76,79,105,112,129,134,138,158,163,183,188,193,202,205],"haploid":[27],"female":[28,160,184,194,218],"gametophyte.":[29,185],"One":[30],"sperm":[31,42],"nucleus":[32,43,115],"fertilizes":[33,44],"egg":[35,130],"to":[36,48,127],"form":[37,49,71],"embryo.":[39,61],"A":[40],"second":[41],"central":[46,106,113],"cell":[47,114],"endosperm,":[51],"a":[52,88,213],"tissue":[54,66],"supports":[56],"growth":[58],"of":[59,111,140,165,187],"Fertilization":[62],"also":[63],"activates":[64,168],"maternal":[65],"differentiation,":[67,154],"ovule":[69],"integuments":[70],"seed":[73,148,172],"coat,":[74],"and":[75,116,142,150,171],"ovary":[77],"forms":[78],"fruit.":[80],"To":[81],"investigate":[82],"development,":[87],"female-gametophytic":[89],"mutation":[90,102,123],"termed":[91],"fie":[92,101,122,159,177,190],"(fertilization-independent":[93],"endosperm)":[94],"has":[95],"been":[96],"isolated":[97],"Arabidopsis.":[99],"specifically":[103],"affects":[104],"cell,":[107,131],"allowing":[108],"for":[109,217],"replication":[110],"endosperm":[117,143],"without":[119],"fertilization.":[120],"does":[124],"appear":[126],"affect":[128],"suggesting":[132],"processes":[135],"control":[137],"initiation":[139],"embryogenesis":[141],"different.":[146],"FIE/fie":[147],"coat":[149,173],"fruit":[151,170],"undergo":[152],"fertilization-independent":[153],"which":[155],"shows":[156],"gametophyte":[161,195],"source":[164],"signals":[166],"sporophytic":[169],"development.":[174,220],"mutant":[176,189],"allele":[178,191],"transmitted":[181],"Inheritance":[186],"results":[196],"embryo":[198],"abortion,":[199],"even":[200],"when":[201],"pollen":[203],"bears":[204],"wild-type":[206],"FIE":[207,210],"allele.":[208],"Thus,":[209],"carries":[211],"out":[212],"novel,":[214],"essential":[215],"function":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":16}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}