{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2041642235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-2538","title":"Testosterone Treatment of Older Men\u2014Why Are Controversies Created?","display_name":"Testosterone Treatment of Older Men\u2014Why Are Controversies Created?","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2041642235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-2538","mag":"2041642235","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21209046","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3038475"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1210/jc.2010-2538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-2538","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-2538","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article-pdf/96/1/62/10745182/jcem0062.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205775358","display_name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","issn_l":"0021-972X","issn":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article-pdf/96/1/62/10745182/jcem0062.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090807122","display_name":"Ronald S. Swerdloff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6084-6604","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6084-6604"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177607063","display_name":"The Lundquist Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/025j2nd68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177607063"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801403999","display_name":"UCLA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799798094","https://openalex.org/I2801403999"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ronald Swerdloff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center, and David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90509"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center, and David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90509","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765","https://openalex.org/I177607063","https://openalex.org/I2801403999"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100616719","display_name":"Christina Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8231-792X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8231-792X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177607063","display_name":"The Lundquist Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/025j2nd68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177607063"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801403999","display_name":"UCLA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799798094","https://openalex.org/I2801403999"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christina Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center, and David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90509"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center, and David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90509","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765","https://openalex.org/I177607063","https://openalex.org/I2801403999"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090807122"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765","https://openalex.org/I177607063","https://openalex.org/I2801403999"],"apc_list":{"value":3750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8647,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84597942,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"96","issue":"1","first_page":"62","last_page":"65"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11146","display_name":"Hormonal and reproductive studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11146","display_name":"Hormonal and reproductive studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10694","display_name":"Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12421","display_name":"Adrenal Hormones and Disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testosterone-replacement-therapy","display_name":"testosterone replacement therapy","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-men","display_name":"older men","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/andropause","display_name":"andropause","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evidence-base","display_name":"evidence base","score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-benefit-ratio","display_name":"risk-benefit ratio","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testosterone-deficiency","display_name":"androgen deficiency","score":0.5339999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-risk","display_name":"cardiovascular risk","score":0.37599998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolic-syndrome","display_name":"metabolic syndrome","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obesity","display_name":"obesity","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-mineral-density","display_name":"bone mineral density","score":0.628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lean-body-mass","display_name":"lean body mass","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erectile-dysfunction","display_name":"erectile dysfunction","score":0.382999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-cancer-risk","display_name":"prostate cancer risk","score":0.4309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-cancer-screening","display_name":"prostate cancer screening","score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-specific-antigen","display_name":"prostate-specific antigen","score":0.40700000524520874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779279991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6058681","display_name":"Testosterone (patch)","level":2,"score":0.7627227306365967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.699791431427002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6669464707374573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.49750688672065735}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007006","descriptor_name":"Hypogonadism","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013739","descriptor_name":"Testosterone","qualifier_ui":"Q000172","qualifier_name":"deficiency","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013739","descriptor_name":"Testosterone","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020249","descriptor_name":"Hormone Replacement Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1210/jc.2010-2538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-2538","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-2538","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article-pdf/96/1/62/10745182/jcem0062.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205775358","display_name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","issn_l":"0021-972X","issn":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2254982","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3038475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3038475","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3038475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:21209046","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21209046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism","raw_type":"Comment"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1210/jc.2010-2538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-2538","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-2538","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article-pdf/96/1/62/10745182/jcem0062.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205775358","display_name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","issn_l":"0021-972X","issn":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9922999739646912,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307758","display_name":"Eli Lilly and Company","ror":"https://ror.org/01qat3289"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2041642235.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2041642235.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008388579","https://openalex.org/W2039077449","https://openalex.org/W2056150258","https://openalex.org/W2059185554","https://openalex.org/W2072447154","https://openalex.org/W2075118988","https://openalex.org/W2096237552","https://openalex.org/W2096487978","https://openalex.org/W2099814945","https://openalex.org/W2108445060","https://openalex.org/W2109494488","https://openalex.org/W2112869229","https://openalex.org/W2117682679","https://openalex.org/W2129345748","https://openalex.org/W2132527468","https://openalex.org/W2135798327","https://openalex.org/W2138141643","https://openalex.org/W2139893960","https://openalex.org/W2142563833","https://openalex.org/W2143959240","https://openalex.org/W2155165820","https://openalex.org/W2155228880","https://openalex.org/W2155877918","https://openalex.org/W2161057551","https://openalex.org/W2165913105","https://openalex.org/W2332193368","https://openalex.org/W2335194670","https://openalex.org/W2398308923","https://openalex.org/W4206570965","https://openalex.org/W4252584502"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2112869229","https://openalex.org/W2110022630","https://openalex.org/W2013808208","https://openalex.org/W2333957393","https://openalex.org/W7096390896","https://openalex.org/W2053266757","https://openalex.org/W2167838006","https://openalex.org/W2097830439","https://openalex.org/W2023999764","https://openalex.org/W2315840628"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cunningham":[0,554,1299,1565,1646],"and":[1,41,57,142,199,218,231,239,285,295,321,333,362,364,367,381,533,555,610,630,734,808,905,926,1006,1021,1065,1071,1091,1104,1160,1188,1207,1219,1224,1235,1258,1300,1382,1386,1413,1431,1520,1566,1647,1666,1685,1734,1755,1816,1853,1860,1864,1920,1949,1965,1979,1983,1998,2000,2007],"Toma":[2,556,1301,1567,1648],"have":[3,503,523,598,781,830,886,963,1328,1756,1944],"published":[4,48,59],"an":[5,27,44,270,839,1445,1825],"article":[6,31],"entitled":[7],"\u201cWhy":[8],"Is":[9],"Androgen":[10],"Replacement":[11],"in":[12,16,38,74,100,129,140,174,266,272,277,293,354,356,378,395,403,408,456,541,564,578,673,697,728,731,793,817,824,838,850,901,907,917,949,991,994,1038,1123,1184,1260,1429,1480,1523,1610,1628,1643,1650,1687,1728,1780,1898,1934],"Males":[13],"Controversial?\u201d":[14],"(1)":[15,1302],"this":[17,662,740,761,1162,1818],"issue":[18,679,1539],"of":[19,35,77,82,86,107,116,176,187,191,201,228,233,242,256,260,306,374,406,421,427,452,476,529,546,549,561,591,602,607,623,656,669,694,699,723,836,894,930,957,997,1019,1053,1060,1089,1098,1106,1120,1132,1167,1205,1228,1256,1298,1314,1336,1346,1350,1376,1395,1489,1512,1540,1561,1585,1630,1672,1725,1752,1778,1837,1850,1900,1976],"JCEM.":[20],"This":[21,90,110,179,399,472,520,571,725,774,799,870,1042],"represents":[22,1114,1621],"a":[23,96,212,253,264,275,291,304,424,491,498,509,513,516,599,713,887,918,950,1044,1164,1405,1439,1441,1465,1473,1477,1527,1555,1622,1688,1705,1737,1760,1766,1787,1958,2002],"new":[24,111,1067],"look":[25],"at":[26,788,953,1545,1828,1847,1867],"old":[28],"controversy.":[29],"The":[30,148,372,702,752,856,975,1004,1226,1326,1355,1534,1543,1670,1691],"reviews":[32],"the":[33,75,80,104,114,123,134,154,185,192,216,299,343,357,409,418,450,457,474,484,527,550,559,579,588,644,651,654,667,692,709,720,732,777,794,825,834,895,911,927,942,954,958,1007,1017,1039,1084,1087,1099,1102,1154,1182,1203,1278,1285,1296,1334,1343,1371,1396,1415,1510,1538,1550,1583,1634,1637,1664,1681,1713,1750,1796,1832,1835,1848,1856,1868,1894,1973],"status":[34],"testosterone":[36,127,172,249,261,315,351,415,435,454,468,481,563,603,616,638,657,695,749,772,791,797,837,862,916,931,939,960,973,981,987,1002,1012,1027,1035,1056,1074,1112,1121,1147,1229,1275,1312,1320,1368,1403,1449,1461,1490,1513,1521,1553,1579,1609,1615,1655,1806,1844,1879,1896,1933],"treatment":[37,128,173,514,1105,1122,1133,1148,1230,1273,1313,1522,1580,1607,1641,1717,1777,1792,1807,1890,1897,1919,1931],"older":[39,130,410,458,565,582,756,1107,1125,1141,1159,1217,1315,1360,1481,1524,1644,1938],"men":[40,144,175,323,355,407,431,489,542,566,577,670,698,730,757,766,852,948,968,1108,1126,1142,1218,1316,1361,1483,1612,1812,1838,1899,1939],"serves":[42],"as":[43,152,211,288,290,899,1237,1239,1342,1957],"extension":[45],"to":[46,93,119,225,324,337,385,391,538,581,707,718,746,784,832,989,1015,1083,1178,1180,1210,1216,1221,1245,1280,1309,1365,1420,1433,1575,1603,1662,1667,1693,1739,1786,1795,1912,1928],"previously":[47,743],"guidelines":[49,156,1008],"on":[50,65,171,252,466,1153,1231,1633,1947],"hypogonadism":[51,596,672,1815,1841],"by":[52,60,184,526,553,804,813,876,1051,1843],"Bhasin":[53,877],"et":[54,62,821,878],"al.":[55,63,822,879],"(2)":[56],"recommendations":[58],"Wang":[61],"(3)":[64],"late-onset":[66],"hypogonadism.":[67],"There":[68,626,1742],"are":[69,436,627,683,843,933,1158,1212,1252,1362,1418,1426,1573,1657,1674,1683,1743,1910,1926],"many":[70,223,370,530,576,628],"causes":[71],"for":[72,222,423,487,515,653,666,691,712,764,865,890,914,946,1031,1069,1134,1408,1468,1497,1559,1811,1891,1921,1960,2005],"controversy":[73,1100],"practice":[76,705],"medicine,":[78],"not":[79,479,568,586,684,934,983,1264,1464,1548,1809,1884],"least":[81],"which":[83,1914,1922],"is":[84,91,145,461,490,508,557,567,572,648,660,663,680,706,726,754,871,921,1043,1163,1197,1263,1268,1293,1303,1404,1463,1554,1599,1697,1708,1772,1800,1808,1819,1824,1872,1875,2001],"insufficiency":[85,115],"high-grade,":[87],"evidence-based":[88,117],"data.":[89],"likely":[92],"occur":[94],"when":[95,643,1287,1509,1704,1798,1870],"medication":[97,214],"was":[98,181,317],"established":[99],"clinical":[101,867,928],"use":[102,1052],"before":[103,1290],"modern":[105],"era":[106],"pharmaceutical":[108,213],"regulation.":[109],"review":[112,976,1005,1297,1652],"describes":[113],"data":[118,193,783,806,814,1308,1398,1417,1544,1572,1746,1909],"be":[120,443,689,810,1013,1029,1049,1127,1150,1192,1246,1438,1495,1595,1724,1736,1905],"certain":[121,685],"that":[122,136,158,248,314,350,464,558,633,640,681,729,737,755,779,842,859,882,978,1010,1022,1047,1140,1156,1161,1173,1190,1271,1304,1330,1393,1400,1414,1456,1460,1492,1552,1570,1597,1605,1653,1680,1716,1729,1747,1775,1805,1829,1878],"benefit-to-risk":[124],"ratio":[125],"justifies":[126],"men,":[131],"whereas":[132,1502],"taking":[133],"position":[135,180],"androgen":[137,243,854],"replacement":[138,771,1845,1881],"therapy":[139,1846,1882],"younger":[141,428,674,765,851,1135,1611],"middle-aged":[143,735],"well":[146,289,569,1238],"established.":[147],"authors":[149,1327,1356,1372,1535,1714],"do":[150,153,585,1170,1453,1547],"acknowledge,":[151],"above":[155],"(2),":[157],"relatively":[159,196,437,1486],"few":[160],"large-scale,":[161,1529],"double-blind,":[162],"placebo-controlled,":[163],"multiple":[164,536],"end":[165,956],"point":[166,1391,1454],"studies":[167,198,311,380,816,1425,1925],"had":[168,250,742],"been":[169,209,220,524,744,802],"performed":[170],"any":[177,700],"age.":[178,701],"also":[182,312,664,768,1357,1536,1594,1803,1969],"taken":[183],"Institute":[186,1345],"Medicine":[188],"(4).":[189,1266],"Most":[190],"come":[194],"from":[195,383,446,748,770,815,1146,1295,1367,1448,1476,1759,1888,1918,1972,1986,1996],"small-size":[197],"meta-analyses":[200,1458],"small-":[202],"or":[203,439,478,497,512,594,620,999,1024,1058,1169,1283,1444,1588,1618,1624,1636,1937,1943],"medium-size":[204],"databases":[205],"(5\u20138).":[206],"Testosterone":[207,1352],"has":[208,219,376,801,1955,1968,1991],"available":[210,1424,1457,1574],"since":[215],"1930s":[217],"used":[221,690,1014,1906],"decades":[224],"treat":[226],"symptoms":[227,441,846,868,884,891,1620],"impaired":[229,281],"libido":[230,966],"failure":[232],"secondary":[234,595],"sexual":[235,883],"development.":[236],"With":[237],"time":[238,1797,1849,1869],"expanded":[240],"understanding":[241],"biology,":[244],"it":[245,347,1730],"became":[246,303,348],"apparent":[247,349],"effects":[251,1632],"wide":[254,922],"range":[255,486,711,763,913,962,972],"target":[257],"organs.":[258],"Deficiency":[259],"could":[262,1191,1735],"produce":[263,635],"decrease":[265,276,292,1183],"lean":[267,902],"body":[268,296,903],"mass,":[269,274],"increase":[271,906,1508,1582],"fat":[273,908],"bone":[278,1241],"mineral":[279,1242],"density,":[280],"mood":[282],"(preclinical":[283],"depression),":[284],"decreased":[286],"erythropoiesis,":[287],"facial":[294],"hair.":[297],"Thus,":[298,945,1516],"male":[300,716],"sex":[301],"hormone":[302,305],"metabolic":[307,326],"significance.":[308],"Subsequent":[309],"epidemiological":[310,1397],"suggested":[313,1491],"deficiency":[316,455,604,696,1616],"associated":[318,494,844,1193,1199,1253],"with":[319,413,432,495,605,617,658,671,845,853,873,937,969,985,1075,1081,1109,1194,1200,1254,1274,1317,1485,1608,1613,1617,1700,1718,1793,1813,1839,1932],"obesity":[320],"predisposes":[322],"develop":[325],"syndrome,":[327],"type":[328,601],"2":[329],"diabetes":[330],"mellitus":[331],"(9\u201311),":[332],"increased":[334,1208,1222,1240,1446],"mortality":[335],"due":[336,988],"cardiovascular":[338,1388,1409,1469,1500,1517,1638,1948],"disease":[339,1090,1410,1518],"(12,":[340,1411],"13).":[341],"In":[342,1893],"past":[344],"two":[345,1374],"decades,":[346],"levels":[352,416,469,639,835,996,1036],"peaked":[353],"decade":[358],"between":[359],"ages":[360],"20":[361],"30":[363],"decline":[365,375,401,655],"progressively":[366],"slowly":[368],"over":[369],"decades.":[371],"rate":[373,1262],"varied":[377],"different":[379,860,1128],"populations":[382],"1":[384],"2%":[386],"per":[387],"year":[388],"(14,":[389],"15)":[390],"less":[392,1269,1861],"than":[393,463,892,967,1129,1640,1660,1765,1790],"1%":[394],"others":[396],"(15,":[397],"16).":[398],"progressive":[400],"results":[402,1335],"increasing":[404,1232],"numbers":[405],"age":[411,459,583,659,675,1115,1902],"groups":[412,460,736,1903],"serum":[414,434,467,480,615,637,790,796,861,915,938,959,1402],"below":[417,483,739,760],"lower":[419,462,721,888,970],"limits":[420,722],"normal":[422,943,951,971,1165],"reference":[425,485,710,762,912,961,1077],"population":[426,717,841,920,952],"men.":[429,1325,1645],"Many":[430],"low":[433,562,636,1111,1201,1319,1401],"asymptomatic":[438],"their":[440,1651,1753,1851],"cannot":[442],"easily":[444],"distinguished":[445],"other":[447,896,1833],"causes;":[448],"thus,":[449],"prevalence":[451],"symptomatic":[453,1110,1124,1318],"based":[465],"(16,":[470],"17).":[471],"raises":[473],"question":[475],"whether":[477,505,1249,1311,1359,1435,1577,1930],"concentration":[482,622],"young":[488,733],"physiological":[492],"phenomenon":[493,1166],"aging":[496,540],"pathological":[499],"state.":[500],"Regulatory":[501],"agencies":[502],"questioned":[504],"therapeutic":[506,1176],"intervention":[507,1177,1462],"lifestyle":[510],"drug":[511],"real":[517],"medical":[518,1214],"disorder.":[519],"concern":[521,1498],"may":[522,641,809,885,982,1048,1494,1723],"encouraged":[525],"development":[528,1059,1560],"niche":[531],"clinics":[532],"practices":[534],"using":[535],"medications":[537],"reverse":[539,1277],"without":[543,1619],"clear-cut":[544],"evidence":[545,1774],"benefit.":[547],"One":[548],"arguments":[551],"presented":[552],"pathogenesis":[560,652],"defined.":[570],"certainly":[573,1675,1820],"true":[574,665,1676,1821],"because":[575,1423],"middle":[580],"group":[584],"fit":[587],"simple":[589],"definition":[590,693],"either":[592,1586],"primary":[593],"but":[597,1062,1248,1472,1564],"mixed":[600],"impairment":[606],"both":[608],"testicular":[609],"hypothalamic":[611],"pituitary":[612],"signals":[613],"(low":[614],"elevated,":[618],"normal,":[619],"subnormal":[621],"gonadotropins)":[624],"(18).":[625],"acute":[629],"chronic":[631],"diseases":[632],"will":[634,767,1276,1322,1437,1581,1782,1916,1940],"normalize":[642],"underlying":[645],"comorbid":[646],"condition":[647],"improved.":[649],"Although":[650],"unknown,":[661],"majority":[668,1836],"groups.":[676],"Another":[677],"important":[678,1213],"we":[682,780,1093,1138,1171,1305,1331],"what":[686],"threshold":[687,889,1018],"should":[688,1149,1593,1904],"most":[703,1394],"frequent":[704],"accept":[708],"young,":[714,1935],"healthy":[715],"define":[719,833,1016],"normality.":[724],"rational":[727],"fall":[738,759,1037,1261],"level":[741],"shown":[745],"benefit":[747,769,787,1145,1323,1727,1738,1758,1783,1842,1887,1917],"interventional":[750,1272,1339,1416,1450,1880],"treatment.":[751,773,1291,1451],"assumption":[753],"who":[758,1143],"argument":[775],"ignores":[776],"fact":[778],"limited":[782,1745,1773],"assess":[785],"relative":[786],"specific":[789,1064],"concentrations":[792,940,1057],"borderline":[795,1040],"windows.":[798],"dilemma":[800],"mitigated":[803],"recent":[805,1474],"(17)":[807,823],"greatly":[811],"resolved":[812],"progress":[818],"(http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00799617).":[819,1354],"Wu":[820],"European":[826],"Male":[827],"Aging":[828],"Study":[829],"attempted":[831],"ambulatory":[840],"including":[847],"those":[848],"seen":[849],"deficiency.":[855],"study":[857,1478,1504,1532],"showed":[858,1506],"thresholds":[863],"exist":[864,1289],"individual":[866],"(17).":[869],"consistent":[872],"previous":[874],"reports":[875],"(19)":[880],"suggesting":[881],"some":[893],"manifestations":[897,929],"such":[898,1324,1341],"reduction":[900,1259],"mass":[904,1189,1234],"mass.":[909],"Furthermore,":[910,1770],"general":[919],"(e.g.":[923],"280\u20131000":[924],"ng/dl),":[925],"action":[932],"directly":[935],"correlated":[936],"within":[941],"range.":[944,1041],"instance,":[947],"higher":[955],"no":[964,1507,1600,1945],"greater":[965,1623,1788],"concentrations.":[974,1003],"explains":[977],"biologically":[979,1000,1025,1072],"active":[980,1001,1026,1073],"correlate":[984],"total":[986,1011,1034],"differences":[990],"SHBG":[992],"resulting":[993],"divergent":[995],"free":[998,1023,1055,1070],"recommend":[1009],"normality":[1020],"measurements":[1028],"reserved":[1030],"patients":[1032,1915],"whose":[1033],"pragmatic":[1045],"decision":[1046],"revised":[1050],"calculated":[1054],"simplified":[1061],"highly":[1063],"sensitive":[1066],"assays":[1068],"reliable":[1076],"ranges":[1078],"provided.":[1079],"Lastly,":[1080],"regard":[1082],"controversies":[1085],"about":[1086,1101,1499],"importance":[1088],"diagnosis,":[1092],"must":[1094,1332],"ask":[1095,1358],"how":[1096],"much":[1097,1857],"diagnosis":[1103,1852],"state":[1113,1804],"bias.":[1116],"Should":[1117],"our":[1118,1130,1876],"considerations":[1119,1131],"men?":[1136],"Do":[1137],"think":[1139,1172],"might":[1144],"excluded":[1151],"just":[1152],"basis":[1155],"they":[1157,1174,1288],"aging,":[1168],"deserve":[1175],"attempt":[1179],"prevent":[1181],"vitality,":[1185],"muscle":[1186,1233],"strength,":[1187],"frailty?":[1195],"Osteoporosis":[1196],"clearly":[1198],"testosterone;":[1202],"combination":[1204],"frailty":[1206],"susceptibility":[1209,1279],"fracture":[1211],"risks":[1215,1366],"lead":[1220],"morbidity":[1223],"mortality.":[1225],"benefits":[1227,1251],"strength":[1236],"density":[1243],"seem":[1244],"clear,":[1247],"these":[1250,1281],"prevention":[1255],"fractures":[1257],"known":[1265],"It":[1267,1592,1874],"clear":[1270,1294],"disorders":[1282],"improve":[1284],"conditions":[1286],"What":[1292],"need":[1306,1827],"more":[1307,1363,1658,1858],"determine":[1310,1421,1434,1576,1913,1929],"states":[1321],"argued":[1329],"await":[1333],"ongoing":[1337],"large-scale":[1338],"trials":[1340],"National":[1344,1348,1974],"Aging,":[1347],"Institutes":[1349,1975],"Health-supported":[1351],"Trials":[1353],"susceptible":[1364],"intervention?":[1369],"Here":[1370],"emphasize":[1373],"areas":[1375],"concern:":[1377],"1)":[1378],"prostate":[1379,1541,1562,1590,1635,1950],"(prostate":[1380],"cancer":[1381],"benign":[1383,1587],"prostatic":[1384],"hyperplasia),":[1385],"2)":[1387],"health.":[1389],"They":[1390,1452,1802],"out":[1392,1455],"suggest":[1399,1459],"risk":[1406,1422,1447,1466,1519,1556,1584,1627],"factor":[1407,1467,1557],"13),":[1412],"inadequate":[1419,1571],"too":[1427],"short":[1428],"duration":[1430],"underpowered":[1432],"there":[1436,1493,1598,1771],"benefit,":[1440],"neutral":[1442],"effect,":[1443],"complications":[1470],"(20),":[1471],"report":[1475],"(21)":[1479],"frail":[1482],"treated":[1484],"high":[1487],"doses":[1488,1511],"reasons":[1496],"risk,":[1501],"another":[1503],"(22)":[1505],"were":[1514],"lower.":[1515],"subjects":[1525],"require":[1526,1855],"longer,":[1528],"adequately":[1530],"powered":[1531],"(23).":[1533],"reviewed":[1537],"cancer.":[1542],"present":[1546],"support":[1549,1995],"concept":[1551],"(24)":[1558],"cancer,":[1563],"correctly":[1568],"argue":[1569],"long-term":[1578,1606,1626],"malignant":[1589],"disease.":[1591],"noted":[1596],"particular":[1601],"reason":[1602],"believe":[1604],"chemical":[1614],"lesser":[1625],"terms":[1629],"adverse":[1631],"system":[1639],"beginning":[1642],"stated":[1649],"transdermal":[1654,1701],"preparations":[1656],"difficult":[1659],"injectables":[1661],"titrate":[1663,1694],"dose":[1665],"ensure":[1668],"compliance.":[1669],"issues":[1671],"adherence":[1673],"if":[1677,1822],"one":[1678],"assumes":[1679],"injections":[1682,1866],"administered":[1684],"documented":[1686],"doctor\u2019s":[1689],"office.":[1690],"ability":[1692],"dose,":[1695],"however,":[1696],"quite":[1698],"possible":[1699],"preparations,":[1702],"particularly":[1703],"metered-dose":[1706],"dispenser":[1707],"used.":[1709],"Regarding":[1710],"adolescent":[1711],"treatment,":[1712],"indicate":[1715],"human":[1719],"chorionic":[1720,2010],"gonadotropin":[1721],"(hCG)":[1722],"psychological":[1726,1757],"increases":[1731],"testis":[1732,1763],"size":[1733,1751,1762,1768],"future":[1740,1784,1886],"fertility.":[1741,1892],"very":[1744],"teenagers":[1748],"check":[1749],"testes":[1754],"larger":[1761],"rather":[1764],"smaller":[1767],"testis.":[1769],"early":[1776],"hCG":[1779,1863],"adolescence":[1781],"fertility":[1785,1799,1823,1871],"degree":[1789],"reserving":[1791],"gonadotropins":[1794],"desired.":[1801],"appropriate":[1810],"hypogonadotropic":[1814,1840],"infertility;":[1817],"immediate":[1826],"time.":[1830],"On":[1831],"hand,":[1834],"only":[1854],"expensive":[1859],"friendly":[1862],"FSH":[1865],"required.":[1873],"experience":[1877],"does":[1883],"preclude":[1885],"hCG/FSH":[1889],"end,":[1895],"all":[1901],"judiciously.":[1907],"More":[1908],"needed":[1911],"symptoms.":[1923],"Long-term":[1924],"necessary":[1927],"middle-aged,":[1936],"enhance,":[1941],"decrease,":[1942],"effect":[1946],"disorders.":[1951],"Disclosure":[1952],"Summary:":[1953],"R.S.":[1954],"served":[1956],"consultant":[1959,2004],"Abbott,":[1961],"Clarus,":[1962,1978],"Eli":[1963],"Lilly,":[1964],"EndoPharm.":[1966],"He":[1967],"received":[1970,1992],"grants":[1971],"Health,":[1977],"Solvay":[1980,1987],"Pharmaceuticals,":[1981,1988],"Inc.,":[1982],"speaker":[1984],"fees":[1985],"Inc.":[1989],"C.W.":[1990],"research":[1993],"grant":[1994],"Acrux":[1997],"Clarus":[1999],"temporary":[2003],"GSK":[2006],"Lilly.":[2008],"Human":[2009],"gonadotropin.":[2011]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}