{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2041491985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v4i3.3298","title":"Magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging of medulla oblongata and substantia nigra in idiopathic Parkinson's disease","display_name":"Magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging of medulla oblongata and substantia nigra in idiopathic Parkinson's disease","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2041491985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v4i3.3298","mag":"2041491985"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.71152/ajms.v4i3.3298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v4i3.3298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v4i3.3298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180817373","display_name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","issn_l":"2091-0576","issn":["2091-0576","2467-9100"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jpps-2","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319241","host_organization_name":"Progressive Sustainable Developers Nepal","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319241"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Progressive Sustainable Developers Nepal"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v4i3.3298","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065163098","display_name":"Netra Rana","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121771","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/02tbvhh96","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121771"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Netra Rana","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121771"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101074331","display_name":"Shaohui Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8087-0277","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8087-0277","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1978-973X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121771","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/02tbvhh96","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121771"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaohui Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121771"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080109400","display_name":"Chenguang Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-9316","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-9316"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121771","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/02tbvhh96","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121771"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenguang Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121771"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400752","display_name":"Min Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7113-2700","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7113-2700","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5551-0134","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7671-1462"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121771","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/02tbvhh96","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121771"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121771"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059147163","display_name":"Ming Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1076-1973","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1076-1973"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121771","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/02tbvhh96","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121771"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121771"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121771"],"apc_list":{"value":200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":200},"apc_paid":{"value":200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":200},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"76","last_page":"85"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.8208000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.8208000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.17260000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13481","display_name":"Neurological diseases and metabolism","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medulla-oblongata","display_name":"medulla oblongata","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substantia-nigra","display_name":"substantia nigra","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/1h-nmr-spectroscopy","display_name":"1H NMR","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-metabolites","display_name":"brain metabolites","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/n-acetylaspartate","display_name":"N-acetylaspartate","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/choline","display_name":"choline","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creatine","display_name":"creatine","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-severity","display_name":"disease severity","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hoehn-and-yahr-stage","display_name":"Hoehn and Yahr stage","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unified-parkinson-s-disease-rating-scale","display_name":"Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale","score":0.7960000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780938664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753278","display_name":"Substantia nigra","level":4,"score":0.8950451612472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8007177114486694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.6910743713378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778110749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189033","display_name":"Medulla oblongata","level":3,"score":0.6789045333862305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16568411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83042","display_name":"Neurology","level":2,"score":0.6521704196929932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.5123203992843628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.40235817432403564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.3747536242008209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.374267041683197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3581533432006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.18351632356643677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.15616509318351746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.09178692102432251}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.71152/ajms.v4i3.3298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v4i3.3298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v4i3.3298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180817373","display_name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","issn_l":"2091-0576","issn":["2091-0576","2467-9100"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jpps-2","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319241","host_organization_name":"Progressive Sustainable Developers Nepal","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319241"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Progressive Sustainable Developers Nepal"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.3126/ajms.v4i3.8066","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v4i3.8066","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v4i3.8066","pdf_url":"https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/AJMS/article/download/8066/6707","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180817373","display_name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","issn_l":"2091-0576","issn":["2091-0576","2467-9100"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jpps-2","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319241","host_organization_name":"Progressive Sustainable Developers Nepal","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319241"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Progressive Sustainable Developers Nepal"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:674993498d7e494186aba286a29c2a19","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/674993498d7e494186aba286a29c2a19","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 4, Iss 3, Pp 76-85 (2013)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.71152/ajms.v4i3.3298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v4i3.3298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v4i3.3298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180817373","display_name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","issn_l":"2091-0576","issn":["2091-0576","2467-9100"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jpps-2","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319241","host_organization_name":"Progressive Sustainable Developers Nepal","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319241"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Progressive Sustainable Developers Nepal"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2041491985.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2041491985.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W196343840","https://openalex.org/W1928010693","https://openalex.org/W1966326621","https://openalex.org/W1975971843","https://openalex.org/W1978791955","https://openalex.org/W2000531396","https://openalex.org/W2010945445","https://openalex.org/W2026724245","https://openalex.org/W2028417457","https://openalex.org/W2032265039","https://openalex.org/W2036509464","https://openalex.org/W2047333676","https://openalex.org/W2049883570","https://openalex.org/W2073449985","https://openalex.org/W2074476335","https://openalex.org/W2083684573","https://openalex.org/W2086504454","https://openalex.org/W2088375959","https://openalex.org/W2112298570","https://openalex.org/W2120043043","https://openalex.org/W2161204116","https://openalex.org/W2161443372","https://openalex.org/W2170121965","https://openalex.org/W2265340246","https://openalex.org/W4245257014","https://openalex.org/W4246108751","https://openalex.org/W4400181766"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368489113","https://openalex.org/W1974266688","https://openalex.org/W2051285552","https://openalex.org/W4415412047","https://openalex.org/W3150165672","https://openalex.org/W2747322379","https://openalex.org/W2380666885","https://openalex.org/W2358309463","https://openalex.org/W2371885946","https://openalex.org/W3030702340"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objective:":[0],"To":[1],"use":[2],"1.5T":[3],"1H-MRS":[4,87],"as":[5,73,233],"a":[6,95,104,176,234],"research":[7],"tool":[8,236],"in":[9,21,32,152,166,184],"vivo":[10],"and":[11,28,35,41,47,83,115,121,126,138,149,164,168,182,191,220],"demonstrate":[12],"the":[13,43,52,60,79,203,218,223],"feasibility":[14],"of":[15,51,64,117,123,170,211,222,243],"obtaining":[16],"long-echo":[17],"1H":[18],"MR":[19,90],"spectra":[20,118],"small":[22],"volumes":[23],"like":[24],"substantia":[25],"nigra":[26],"(SN)":[27],"medulla":[29],"oblongata":[30],"(MO)":[31],"healthy":[33,69],"volunteers":[34],"patients":[36,50,80],"with":[37],"Parkinson's":[38],"disease":[39,55],"(PD)":[40],"observe":[42],"clinical":[44,150],"correlations.":[45],"Subjects":[46],"Methods:":[48],"Twenty":[49],"idiopathic":[53],"Parkinson\u2019s":[54],"(IPD)":[56],"were":[57,71,92],"recruited":[58],"from":[59,119,189,202,209],"Out":[61],"Patient":[62],"Department":[63],"Neurology.":[65],"Additionally,":[66],"14":[67],"age-matched":[68],"subjects":[70],"taken":[72],"controls":[74],"group.":[75],"After":[76],"baseline":[77],"evaluation,":[78],"satisfying":[81],"inclusion":[82],"exclusion":[84],"criteria":[85],"underwent":[86],"study.":[88],"All":[89],"examinations":[91],"performed":[93],"on":[94],"1.5":[96],"T":[97],"system":[98],"(Philips":[99],"Gyroscan":[100],"Intera,":[101],"Netherlands)":[102],"using":[103],"standard":[105],"quadrature":[106],"head":[107],"coil.":[108],"Results:":[109],"We":[110],"succeeded":[111],"to":[112,135,199,216,230],"achieve":[113],"74.19%":[114],"77.42%":[116],"MO":[120,129,167,190],"SN":[122,169,192,210],"both":[124],"PD":[125,171,201,212],"control":[127],"groups.":[128],"showed":[130,157],"slightly":[131],"weak":[132],"negative":[133],"result":[134,155],"total":[136],"UPDRS":[137],"UPDRS-":[139],"II,":[140],"but":[141,206],"no":[142,158],"significant":[143,159,177,197],"correlation":[144,178],"was":[145,175],"found":[146],"between":[147,161,179],"metabolites":[148,165,207],"indexes":[151],"MO.":[153],"The":[154],"also":[156],"correlations":[160],"H&Y":[162],"scale":[163],"patients.":[172],"But":[173],"there":[174],"H&Y,":[180],"NAA/Cr":[181],"Cho/Cr":[183],"SN.":[185],"Conclusions:":[186],"MRS":[187,232],"ratios":[188,208],"does":[193],"not":[194,228],"play":[195],"any":[196],"role":[198],"differentiate":[200],"normal":[204],"subjects,":[205],"patient":[213],"can":[214],"help":[215],"understand":[217],"progression":[219],"severity":[221],"disease.":[224],"Therefore,":[225],"it":[226],"is":[227],"practical":[229],"employ":[231],"diagnostic":[235],"for":[237],"PD.":[238],"DOI:":[239],"http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v4i3.8066":[240],"Asian":[241],"Journal":[242],"Medical":[244],"Sciences":[245],"4(2013)":[246],"76-85":[247]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}