{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2040798648","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1970.tb01041.x","title":"REPRESENTATIONAL AND SYNTACTIC COMPETENCE OF PROBLEM READERS","display_name":"REPRESENTATIONAL AND SYNTACTIC COMPETENCE OF PROBLEM READERS","publication_year":1970,"publication_date":"1970-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2040798648","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1970.tb01041.x","mag":"2040798648"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1970.tb01041.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1970.tb01041.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1970.tb01041.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109723506","display_name":"Child Development","issn_l":"0009-3920","issn":["0009-3920","1467-8624"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Child Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038728656","display_name":"Bruce Denner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"BRUCE DENNER","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038728656"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4320,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4320},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7983,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91639723,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"3","first_page":"881","last_page":"881"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14104","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-difficulties","display_name":"reading difficulties","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representational-competence","display_name":"representational competence","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntactic-competence","display_name":"syntactic competence","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-recognition","display_name":"word recognition","score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spoken-language","display_name":"spoken language","score":0.5130000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/written-language","display_name":"written language","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/head-start-children","display_name":"Head Start children","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-damaged-children","display_name":"brain-damaged children","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-acquisition","display_name":"reading acquisition","score":0.3070000112056732}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7686628103256226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100521375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015382","display_name":"Competence (human resources)","level":2,"score":0.7219197750091553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5507369041442871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17601614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1346205","display_name":"Linguistic competence","level":2,"score":0.47181522846221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.37193673849105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.34765172004699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.20573297142982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1970.tb01041.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1970.tb01041.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1970.tb01041.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109723506","display_name":"Child Development","issn_l":"0009-3920","issn":["0009-3920","1467-8624"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Child Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2307/1127234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1127234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1127234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109723506","display_name":"Child Development","issn_l":"0009-3920","issn":["0009-3920","1467-8624"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Child Development","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.5385000109672546,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2020582578","https://openalex.org/W2327963704"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034009190","https://openalex.org/W7096301109","https://openalex.org/W1994902375","https://openalex.org/W2113247144","https://openalex.org/W2123474974","https://openalex.org/W2044378417","https://openalex.org/W2013813119","https://openalex.org/W2036883060","https://openalex.org/W592183087","https://openalex.org/W2046936661"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"DENNER,":[0],"BRUCE.":[1],"Representational":[2],"and":[3,21,34,52,58,100],"Syntactic":[4],"Competence":[5],"of":[6,95],"Problem":[7,56],"Readers.":[8],"CHILD":[9],"DEVELOPMENT,":[10],"1970,":[11],"41,":[12],"881-887.":[13],"The":[14,89],"hypothesis":[15],"that":[16],"problem":[17,43,50],"readers":[18,57,67],"lack":[19],"representational":[20],"syntactic":[22],"competence":[23],"was":[24],"studied":[25],"by":[26],"administering":[27],"a":[28],"test":[29],"(previously":[30],"given":[31],"to":[32,39],"normal":[33],"brain-damaged":[35],"children":[36,61],"ages":[37],"4-12)":[38],"these":[40],"groups:":[41],"first-grade":[42],"readers,":[44,47,51],"firstgrade":[45],"average":[46,66],"thirdto":[48],"fifth-grade":[49],"Head":[53,59],"Start":[54,60],"preschoolers.":[55],"were":[62,77,91],"as":[63,65],"competent":[64,80],"in":[68,81,93],"associating":[69],"nonrepresentational":[70],"linear":[71,87],"forms":[72],"with":[73],"words.":[74],"But":[75],"they":[76],"significantly":[78],"less":[79],"synthesizing":[82],"whole":[83],"sentences":[84],"from":[85],"individual":[86],"forms.":[88],"findings":[90],"interpreted":[92],"light":[94],"the":[96],"distinction":[97],"between":[98],"oral":[99],"written":[101],"language.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}