{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2040222913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00004424-199403000-00008","title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy of Small Ring-Enhancing Lesions Using a Rat Glioma Model","display_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy of Small Ring-Enhancing Lesions Using a Rat Glioma Model","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2040222913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00004424-199403000-00008","mag":"2040222913","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8175304"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00004424-199403000-00008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00004424-199403000-00008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00004424-199403000-00008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136338150","display_name":"Investigative Radiology","issn_l":"0020-9996","issn":["0020-9996","1536-0210"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative Radiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"MICHAEL GILL","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"MICHAEL GILL","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599-7515"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599-7515","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"SANDRA L. MILLER","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SANDRA L. MILLER","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina","University of North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"DAVID EVANS","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"DAVID EVANS","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Radiology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina","University of North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Radiology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113779018","display_name":"James H. Scatliff","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"JAMES H. SCATLIFF","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Radiology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina","University of North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Radiology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111957382","display_name":"M. Elizabeth Meyerand","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"MARY E. MEYERAND","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Radiology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina","University of North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Radiology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109961468","display_name":"Stephen K. Powers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"STEPHEN K. POWERS","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina","University of North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065024394","display_name":"Lester Kwock","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"LESTER KWOCK","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Radiology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Radiology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065024394","https://openalex.org/A5111957382","https://openalex.org/A5113779018"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3665,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62469574,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"3","first_page":"301","last_page":"306"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.5278000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.5278000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10129","display_name":"Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.44780001044273376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics (clinical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11809","display_name":"Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications","score":0.0035000001080334187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-enhancing-lesions","display_name":"ring-enhancing lesions","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-grade-glioma","display_name":"high-grade glioma","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/1h-nmr-spectroscopy","display_name":"1H NMR","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-hypoxia","display_name":"tumor hypoxia","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-necrosis","display_name":"central necrosis","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-growth","display_name":"tumor growth","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast-enhanced-mri","display_name":"contrast-enhanced MRI","score":0.7310000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778227246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365309","display_name":"Glioma","level":2,"score":0.683609664440155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777477808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407595","display_name":"Metabolite","level":2,"score":0.6533591151237488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.6482399702072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46141821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209402","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance","level":1,"score":0.5732136964797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.5551168322563171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988005100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1979695","display_name":"Proton magnetic resonance","level":2,"score":0.5353176593780518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204232928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899285","display_name":"Immunohistochemistry","level":2,"score":0.5238668322563171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779130545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233309","display_name":"Brain tumor","level":2,"score":0.4928889274597168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C503630168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178069","display_name":"Necrosis","level":2,"score":0.44599276781082153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781156865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827023","display_name":"Lesion","level":2,"score":0.440944105386734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.43159449100494385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.4117969870567322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3742952048778534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.33880698680877686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.2308022677898407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.21640068292617798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.17456650733947754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.07532748579978943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0693574845790863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005910","descriptor_name":"Glioma","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009368","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Transplantation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009682","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00004424-199403000-00008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00004424-199403000-00008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00004424-199403000-00008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136338150","display_name":"Investigative Radiology","issn_l":"0020-9996","issn":["0020-9996","1536-0210"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative Radiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8175304","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8175304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative radiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1062932861","display_name":"ANALYSIS OF THE METASTIC POTENTIAL OF TUMORS","funder_award_id":"R01CA039633","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8997536301","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NCI R01 CA 39633","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2084385090","https://openalex.org/W2373541879","https://openalex.org/W2769612475","https://openalex.org/W2345002199","https://openalex.org/W2379947828","https://openalex.org/W2042872106","https://openalex.org/W4294730426","https://openalex.org/W4385544982","https://openalex.org/W2408126242","https://openalex.org/W6927377583"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"RATIONALE":[0],"AND":[1],"OBJECTIVES:":[2],"We":[3],"sought":[4],"to":[5,181],"demonstrate":[6],"the":[7,48,131,134,160,190,195],"usefulness":[8],"of":[9,33,47,74,94,148,164,172,189,197],"proton":[10,70,126],"and":[11,50,88,200,210],"fluorine":[12,211],"magnetic":[13,43],"resonance":[14,44,170],"spectroscopy":[15],"(MRS)":[16],"techniques":[17],"in":[18,58,82,119,184,216,229],"characterizing":[19],"small":[20,220],"ring":[21,191],"enhancing":[22],"lesions":[23,99],"produced":[24,101],"by":[25,91,102,140],"experimental":[26],"malignant":[27],"gliomas.":[28],"METHODS:":[29],"The":[30,72,187],"growth":[31],"characteristics":[32,179],"a":[34,65,85,219],"rat":[35,104,174],"glioma":[36,176],"model":[37],"(RT2)":[38],"were":[39,62],"studied":[40],"using":[41,68,79],"contrast-enhanced":[42],"imaging":[45,171],"scans":[46],"tumors":[49],"histologic":[51,162],"correlates":[52],"obtained":[53],"at":[54,114,143],"various":[55],"times.":[56],"Changes":[57],"tumor":[59,75,95,226],"metabolite":[60,121],"levels":[61,122],"monitored":[63],"on":[64,125],"serial":[66],"basis":[67],"water-suppressed":[69],"spectroscopy.":[71],"existence":[73],"hypoxia":[76],"was":[77],"established":[78],"19F":[80,141],"MRS":[81,142,212],"combination":[83],"with":[84,194],"fluorinated":[86,135],"nitroimidazole":[87,136],"subsequently":[89],"confirmed":[90],"immunohistochemical":[92,146],"staining":[93,147],"sections.":[96],"RESULTS:":[97],"Ring-enhancing":[98],"are":[100,123],"RT2":[103,173],"brain":[105,120,175],"gliomas":[106],"approximately":[107],"7":[108],"days":[109],"after":[110],"intracerebral":[111],"implantation.":[112],"Beginning":[113],"day":[115,144,157],"5,":[116,158],"marked":[117],"deviations":[118],"observed":[124,183],"MR":[127],"spectra.":[128],"However,":[129],"while":[130],"signal":[132],"from":[133],"is":[137],"first":[138,161],"detected":[139],"7,":[145],"tissue":[149],"sections":[150],"reveals":[151],"bound":[152],"drug":[153],"as":[154,156,203],"early":[155,228],"when":[159],"signs":[163],"necrosis":[165,199],"become":[166],"apparent.":[167],"CONCLUSIONS:":[168],"Magnetic":[169],"exhibits":[177],"ring-enhancing":[178,221],"similar":[180],"those":[182],"clinical":[185],"studies.":[186],"appearance":[188],"enhancement":[192],"corresponds":[193],"development":[196],"central":[198],"could":[201],"serve":[202],"an":[204,224],"indicator":[205],"for":[206],"rapid":[207],"growth.":[208],"Proton":[209],"may":[213],"be":[214],"useful":[215],"confirming":[217],"that":[218],"lesion":[222],"represents":[223],"active":[225],"process":[227],"its":[230],"development.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
