{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2040155348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josaa.14.002392","title":"Contrast gain control and fine spatial discriminations","display_name":"Contrast gain control and fine spatial discriminations","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2040155348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josaa.14.002392","mag":"2040155348","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9291609"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/josaa.14.002392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josaa.14.002392","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josaa.14.002392","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130108588","display_name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","issn_l":"1084-7529","issn":["1084-7529","1520-8532"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053457760","display_name":"James P. Thomas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6881-8851","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6881-8851"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James P. Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles 90005-1563, USA","Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 951563, Los Angeles, California 90095-1563"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles 90005-1563, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 951563, Los Angeles, California 90095-1563","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061260110","display_name":"Lynn A. Olzak","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lynn A. Olzak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 951563, Los Angeles, California 90095-1563"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 951563, Los Angeles, California 90095-1563","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0388,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8578623,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"9","first_page":"2392","last_page":"2392"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10077","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast-gain-control","display_name":"contrast gain control","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-discrimination","display_name":"spatial discrimination","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-cortex","display_name":"visual cortex","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mask-wearing","display_name":"masking","score":0.44600000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cueing","display_name":"cueing","score":0.3490000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulus-size","display_name":"stimulus size","score":0.3959999978542328}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.6807534694671631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.6091949939727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779918689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771842","display_name":"Stimulus (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5591445565223694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6783436","display_name":"Masking (illustration)","level":2,"score":0.5572296380996704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.5440347790718079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5424829125404358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777813233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1527816","display_name":"Grating","level":2,"score":0.5333442687988281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.49082788825035095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100921725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1650811","display_name":"Spatial frequency","level":2,"score":0.4878551959991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139722471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2619517","display_name":"Linear filter","level":3,"score":0.4212644100189209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163175372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3339222","display_name":"Linear model","level":2,"score":0.4118833839893341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3493350148200989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.33558768033981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.31563669443130493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1407168209552765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1310437023639679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.10607263445854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09840553998947144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003463","descriptor_name":"Cues","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004192","descriptor_name":"Discrimination, Psychological","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010470","descriptor_name":"Perceptual Masking","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010775","descriptor_name":"Photic Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012016","descriptor_name":"Reference Values","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013028","descriptor_name":"Space Perception","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014796","descriptor_name":"Visual Perception","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015350","descriptor_name":"Contrast Sensitivity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1364/josaa.14.002392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josaa.14.002392","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josaa.14.002392","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130108588","display_name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","issn_l":"1084-7529","issn":["1084-7529","1520-8532"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9291609","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9291609","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1050592207","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EY00360","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","funder_display_name":"National Eye Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","display_name":"National Eye Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03wkg3b53"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1892983799","https://openalex.org/W1920704151","https://openalex.org/W1971493262","https://openalex.org/W1972972638","https://openalex.org/W1976692340","https://openalex.org/W1977874595","https://openalex.org/W1991221331","https://openalex.org/W2003222406","https://openalex.org/W2004880183","https://openalex.org/W2016694490","https://openalex.org/W2029037951","https://openalex.org/W2030381962","https://openalex.org/W2035623690","https://openalex.org/W2037905313","https://openalex.org/W2043600436","https://openalex.org/W2044266503","https://openalex.org/W2045018118","https://openalex.org/W2058916018","https://openalex.org/W2062383499","https://openalex.org/W2065610460","https://openalex.org/W2098123786","https://openalex.org/W2119528285","https://openalex.org/W2161899526","https://openalex.org/W2164544718"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W294191153","https://openalex.org/W168113230","https://openalex.org/W2088455711","https://openalex.org/W2123566137","https://openalex.org/W7011707973","https://openalex.org/W2006606693","https://openalex.org/W2034560421","https://openalex.org/W2074049155","https://openalex.org/W7051782879","https://openalex.org/W2142010511"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,160],"effect":[1],"of":[2,29,32,37,47,64,73,121,148],"contrast":[3,31,38,85],"gain":[4,39],"control":[5,40],"mechanisms":[6],"on":[7,21,70,83],"discrimination":[8,23],"between":[9],"highly":[10],"similar":[11],"simple":[12,118],"and":[13,110,124,156,170],"complex":[14],"stimuli":[15,120,126],"is":[16,50,133,162],"examined,":[17],"with":[18,104,153,157],"a":[19,27,53,61,129,137,142,163],"focus":[20],"how":[22],"accuracy":[24],"changes":[25],"as":[26,136,141],"function":[28],"the":[30,45,57,71,80,100,112,149,158,168,172,176],"stimulus":[33],"components.":[34],"Two":[35],"models":[36,101,150,169],"are":[41,102,115],"evaluated.":[42],"In":[43],"both,":[44],"response":[46],"each":[48,154],"pathway":[49],"attenuated":[51],"by":[52,56],"factor":[54],"determined":[55],"total":[58],"activity":[59],"in":[60],"large":[62],"pool":[63],"pathways.":[65],"One":[66],"model":[67,87,174],"bases":[68],"attenuation":[69],"sum":[72],"linear":[74],"filter":[75,95],"responses":[76],"within":[77],"this":[78],"pool;":[79],"other,":[81],"based":[82],"Heeger's":[84],"energy-driven":[86,177],"[J.":[88],"Neurophysiol.":[89],"70,":[90],"1985":[91],"(1993)],":[92],"uses":[93],"squared":[94],"response.":[96],"Predictions":[97,114],"generated":[98],"from":[99,106,111],"compared":[103],"data":[105],"experiments":[107],"reported":[108],"here":[109],"literature.":[113],"made":[116],"for":[117,125],"grafting":[119,131],"different":[122],"sizes":[123],"to":[127],"which":[128],"second":[130,138],"component":[132],"added":[134],"either":[135],"cue":[139],"or":[140],"mask.":[143],"With":[144],"one":[145],"exception,":[146],"predictions":[147],"agree":[151],"closely":[152],"other":[155],"data.":[159],"exception":[161],"masking":[164],"study":[165],"that":[166],"differentiates":[167],"supports":[171],"filter-driven":[173],"over":[175],"model.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
