{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2039768024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/36.3.561","title":"Prospective audit of costs and outcome of aminoglycoside treatment and of therapy for Gram-negative bacteraemia","display_name":"Prospective audit of costs and outcome of aminoglycoside treatment and of therapy for Gram-negative bacteraemia","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2039768024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/36.3.561","mag":"2039768024","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8830023"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jac/36.3.561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/36.3.561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/36.3.561","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124275759","display_name":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","issn_l":"0305-7453","issn":["0305-7453","1460-2091"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111836651","display_name":"Peter G Davey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802526638","display_name":"Ninewells Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/039c6rk82","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800860831","https://openalex.org/I2802526638"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. G. Davey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK","Pharmacoeconomics Research Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical SchoolDundee DD1 9SY, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802526638"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmacoeconomics Research Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical SchoolDundee DD1 9SY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802526638"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005336267","display_name":"Sharon E. Parker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5519-7486","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5519-7486"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802526638","display_name":"Ninewells Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/039c6rk82","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800860831","https://openalex.org/I2802526638"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. E. Parker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmacoeconomics Research Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School Dundee DD1 9SY, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmacoeconomics Research Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School Dundee DD1 9SY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802526638"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000283038","display_name":"G. Orange","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802526638","display_name":"Ninewells Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/039c6rk82","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800860831","https://openalex.org/I2802526638"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Orange","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmacoeconomics Research Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School Dundee DD1 9SY, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmacoeconomics Research Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School Dundee DD1 9SY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802526638"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"M. Malek","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802526638","display_name":"Ninewells Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/039c6rk82","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800860831","https://openalex.org/I2802526638"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Malek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmacoeconomics Research Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School Dundee DD1 9SY, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmacoeconomics Research Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School Dundee DD1 9SY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802526638"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078660910","display_name":"T.R.P. Dodd","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802526638","display_name":"Ninewells Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/039c6rk82","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800860831","https://openalex.org/I2802526638"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Dodd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmacoeconomics Research Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School Dundee DD1 9SY, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmacoeconomics Research Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School Dundee DD1 9SY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802526638"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111836651"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802526638"],"apc_list":{"value":2869,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3784},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7594,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89543108,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"3","first_page":"561","last_page":"575"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.47360000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.47360000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11036","display_name":"Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy","score":0.44359999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12172","display_name":"Neutropenia and Cancer Infections","score":0.02810000069439411,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aminoglycosides","display_name":"aminoglycosides","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gram-negative-bacteremia","display_name":"gram-negative bacteremia","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sepsis-score","display_name":"sepsis score","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-costs","display_name":"treatment costs","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality","display_name":"mortality","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-failure","display_name":"treatment failure","score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-drug-monitoring","display_name":"therapeutic drug monitoring","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-drug-levels","display_name":"serum drug concentration","score":0.49900001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-readmission","display_name":"hospital readmission","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-duration","display_name":"antibiotic duration","score":0.32499998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutropenic-patients","display_name":"neutropenic patients","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care-unit-patients","display_name":"intensive care unit patients","score":0.6690000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777787772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45355603","display_name":"Aminoglycoside","level":3,"score":0.7746749520301819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6160282492637634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.526970386505127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161369605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41803","display_name":"Gram","level":3,"score":0.500887393951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779443120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650912","display_name":"Bacteremia","level":3,"score":0.4820581376552582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.46629661321640015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.4593181610107422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.4523105323314667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.20987552404403687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.11145201325416565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.10731768608093262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.102964848279953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000617","descriptor_name":"Aminoglycosides","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008485","descriptor_name":"Medical Audit","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016470","descriptor_name":"Bacteremia","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016903","descriptor_name":"Drug Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016905","descriptor_name":"Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017048","descriptor_name":"Health Care Costs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/jac/36.3.561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/36.3.561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/36.3.561","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124275759","display_name":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","issn_l":"0305-7453","issn":["0305-7453","1460-2091"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8830023","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8830023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2554237656","https://openalex.org/W2543037748","https://openalex.org/W1998614168","https://openalex.org/W2171475755","https://openalex.org/W2948943188","https://openalex.org/W2038544714","https://openalex.org/W2067756304","https://openalex.org/W2101142319","https://openalex.org/W2789639580","https://openalex.org/W2033892651"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,301],"aims":[1],"of":[2,10,19,24,31,43,90,109,114,140,174,214,230,238,252,268,277,285,294,309,325],"this":[3],"study":[4],"were":[5,47,83,117,145,181,271,289],"to":[6,13,27,37,188,190,249,291,318],"audit":[7],"the":[8,20,29,91,106,135,193,215,323,328],"monitoring":[9],"aminoglycoside":[11,64,76,92,115,141,245],"treatment":[12,116,218,233,255,262,279],"develop":[14],"a":[15,32,169],"method":[16],"for":[17,50,72,87,148,307],"measurement":[18],"cost":[21,39,197,237],"and":[22,26,40,45,65,94,128,166,220,254,280,287,320],"outcome":[23,270],"treatment,":[25,192],"assess":[28],"accuracy":[30],"previously":[33],"published":[34],"sepsis":[35,177,225,299,302],"score":[36,303],"predict":[38],"outcome.":[41],"Measurements":[42],"costs":[44,113,139,180],"outcomes":[46],"also":[48],"made":[49],"all":[51,288],"patients":[52,69,77,80,93,98,127,162,185,222],"(n":[53],"=":[54],"85)":[55],"with":[56,176,223,259],"Gram-negative":[57],"bacteraemia.":[58],"Of":[59],"these,":[60],"40":[61],"received":[62,70,227],"an":[63,66,235],"additional":[67],"215":[68],"aminoglycosides":[71],"other":[73,132],"indications":[74],"(total":[75],"255;":[78],"total":[79],"300).":[81],"There":[82],"no":[84],"interpretable":[85],"assays":[86],"82":[88],"(32%)":[89],"only":[95,211],"33/173":[96],"(19%)":[97],"assayed":[99],"had":[100],"first":[101],"peak":[102],"serum":[103],"concentrations":[104],"within":[105,282],"recommended":[107],"range":[108],"8-10":[110],"mg/L.":[111],"Median":[112],"599":[118],"pounds":[119,124,130,200,206,240],"in":[120,125,131,154,160,172,184,196,217,274,327],"neutropenic":[121],"patients,":[122,137],"471":[123],"ICU":[126],"185":[129],"patients.":[133],"In":[134,243],"bacteraemic":[136,161],"median":[138],"regimens":[142,150,246],"(278":[143],"pounds)":[144],"higher":[146,183],"than":[147],"non-aminoglycoside":[149],"(97":[151],"pounds).":[152],"Death":[153],"hospital":[155],"was":[156,168,198,257],"twice":[157],"as":[158,296],"common":[159],"(20%":[163],"versus":[164],"10%)":[165],"there":[167],"stepwise":[170],"increase":[171],"rate":[173],"mortality":[175],"scores.":[178],"Treatment":[179],"markedly":[182,260],"who":[186],"failed":[187],"respond":[189],"initial":[191,292],"mean":[194],"difference":[195],"418":[199],"per":[201,241],"patient":[202],"(95%":[203],"CI":[204],"89":[205],"-":[207],"747).":[208],"Sepsis":[209],"scores":[210,226],"explained":[212],"2.6%":[213],"variance":[216],"costs,":[219],"22":[221],"zero":[224],"prolonged":[228],"courses":[229],"i.v.":[231,278],"antibiotic":[232],"at":[234],"average":[236],"209":[239],"patient.":[242],"conclusion,":[244],"rarely":[247],"conformed":[248],"accepted":[250],"standards":[251],"care":[253],"failure":[256],"associated":[258],"increased":[261],"costs.":[263],"Three":[264],"readily":[265],"measurable":[266],"indicators":[267],"adverse":[269],"identified":[272],"(death":[273],"hospital,":[275],"change":[276],"readmission":[281],"2":[283],"weeks":[284],"discharge)":[286],"related":[290],"severity":[293],"illness":[295],"measured":[297],"by":[298],"score.":[300,329],"may":[304],"prove":[305],"useful":[306],"assessment":[308],"individual":[310],"risk":[311],"but":[312],"would":[313],"benefit":[314],"from":[315],"further":[316],"analysis":[317],"validate":[319],"possibly":[321],"reduce":[322],"number":[324],"items":[326]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}