{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2039439764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1980.51.3f.1335","title":"Validating Optimal Response Modes of Learning Disabled Children","display_name":"Validating Optimal Response Modes of Learning Disabled Children","publication_year":1980,"publication_date":"1980-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2039439764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1980.51.3f.1335","mag":"2039439764","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7220234"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2466/pms.1980.51.3f.1335","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1980.51.3f.1335","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1980.51.3f.1335","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110965136","display_name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","issn_l":"0031-5125","issn":["0031-5125","1558-688X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086843574","display_name":"John T. Braggio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9129-7636","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9129-7636"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87097829","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Asheville","ror":"https://ror.org/017c6at71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87097829"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John T. Braggio","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Asheville"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Asheville","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87097829"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028370414","display_name":"Sherryll M. Braggio","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87097829","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Asheville","ror":"https://ror.org/017c6at71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87097829"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sherryll M. Braggio","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Asheville"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Asheville","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87097829"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Anthony D. Hall","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87097829","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Asheville","ror":"https://ror.org/017c6at71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87097829"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony D. Hall","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Asheville"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Asheville","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87097829"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058715054","display_name":"Tommy W. Allman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87097829","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Asheville","ror":"https://ror.org/017c6at71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87097829"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tommy W. Allman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Asheville"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Asheville","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87097829"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013524675","display_name":"Linda J. Peyton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87097829","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Asheville","ror":"https://ror.org/017c6at71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87097829"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linda J. Peyton","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Asheville"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Asheville","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87097829"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045200420","display_name":"David Karan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87097829","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Asheville","ror":"https://ror.org/017c6at71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87097829"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Karan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Asheville"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Asheville","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87097829"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87097829"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6776,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65958143,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"3_suppl2","first_page":"1335","last_page":"1345"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11820","display_name":"Learning Styles and Cognitive Differences","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11820","display_name":"Learning Styles and Cognitive Differences","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14104","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology","score":0.028699999675154686,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13447","display_name":"Educational and Psychological Assessments","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-disabilities","display_name":"learning disabilities","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocal-responses","display_name":"vocal responses","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/illinois-test-of-psycholinguistic-abilities","display_name":"Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-assessment","display_name":"diagnostic assessment","score":0.3240000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.7310064435005188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6861292123794556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6505594253540039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984419285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860740","display_name":"Learning disabled","level":3,"score":0.6418488621711731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.5851812362670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.5008649826049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.46514973044395447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.46186715364456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15107229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860740","display_name":"Learning disability","level":2,"score":0.4502788782119751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.21575793623924255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.17076170444488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.08791810274124146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007859","descriptor_name":"Learning Disabilities","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007859","descriptor_name":"Learning Disabilities","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009048","descriptor_name":"Motor Skills","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011578","descriptor_name":"Psycholinguistics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011581","descriptor_name":"Psychological Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013067","descriptor_name":"Speech Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014705","descriptor_name":"Verbal Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014796","descriptor_name":"Visual Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2466/pms.1980.51.3f.1335","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1980.51.3f.1335","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1980.51.3f.1335","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110965136","display_name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","issn_l":"0031-5125","issn":["0031-5125","1558-688X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7220234","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7220234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Perceptual and motor skills","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8278999924659729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"},{"score":0.428600013256073,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W64096637","https://openalex.org/W300929432","https://openalex.org/W636024005","https://openalex.org/W1712901860","https://openalex.org/W1874243172","https://openalex.org/W1964498529","https://openalex.org/W1974219491","https://openalex.org/W1989314580","https://openalex.org/W2026002295","https://openalex.org/W2027180238","https://openalex.org/W2034271787","https://openalex.org/W2041664860","https://openalex.org/W2052125955","https://openalex.org/W2054643148","https://openalex.org/W2078847712","https://openalex.org/W2086546309","https://openalex.org/W2089043466","https://openalex.org/W2101223131","https://openalex.org/W2115357223","https://openalex.org/W2117151444","https://openalex.org/W2131645438","https://openalex.org/W2136941375","https://openalex.org/W2138800238","https://openalex.org/W2147569617","https://openalex.org/W2162508970","https://openalex.org/W2167286619","https://openalex.org/W4255657652"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2101223131","https://openalex.org/W2136941375","https://openalex.org/W2067245906","https://openalex.org/W2528046177","https://openalex.org/W3113905917","https://openalex.org/W641914944","https://openalex.org/W1970819858","https://openalex.org/W7099985864","https://openalex.org/W1985439442","https://openalex.org/W1970918463"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"determine":[1],"optimal":[2,88,121,142,164],"and":[3,18,21,35,173],"least":[4],"effective":[5],"response":[6,89,109,122,143,165],"modes":[7,110,166],"of":[8,25,33,43,54,154,163,175],"learning":[9,61,116],"disabled":[10,117,128],"children,":[11],"the":[12,22,31,41,72,86,96,101,105,115,150,171],"procedure":[13],"described":[14,48],"by":[15,66,158],"Owen,":[16],"Braggio,":[17],"Ellen":[19],"(1976)":[20],"Illinois":[23],"Test":[24],"Psycholinguistic":[26],"Abilities":[27],"were":[28,93],"used.":[29],"On":[30],"basis":[32],"pretest":[34],"posttest":[36],"comparisons":[37],"on":[38,133],"selected":[39],"subtests,":[40],"performance":[42],"these":[44],"children":[45,73,106,118,129],"could":[46],"be":[47],"as":[49,156,167],"individual":[50],"or":[51,57,81,145],"multiple":[52,108],"combinations":[53],"covert-,":[55],"vocal-,":[56],"visual/manual-response":[58],"modes.":[59,123],"This":[60],"style":[62],"analysis":[63],"was":[64],"validated":[65],"presenting":[67],"a":[68,159],"paired-associate":[69],"task":[70],"to":[71,78,148],"using":[74],"an":[75,168],"administration":[76],"similar":[77],"(matched":[79],"condition)":[80,85],"different":[82],"from":[83],"(unmatched":[84],"child's":[87],"mode.":[90],"More":[91],"items":[92,113],"recalled":[94,111],"under":[95,100],"matched":[97],"condition":[98],"than":[99,114],"unmatched":[102],"condition.":[103],"Also,":[104],"with":[107,119],"more":[112],"single":[120],"These":[124],"results":[125],"suggest":[126],"that":[127],"may":[130,138],"do":[131],"poorly":[132],"academic":[134],"tasks":[135],"because":[136],"they":[137],"not":[139],"have":[140],"enough":[141],"modes,":[144],"are":[146],"unable":[147],"select":[149],"most":[151],"appropriate":[152],"mode":[153],"responding":[155],"required":[157],"task.":[160],"The":[161],"use":[162],"aid":[169],"in":[170],"diagnosis":[172],"remediation":[174],"educational":[176],"handicaps":[177],"is":[178],"discussed.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}