{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2038588802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1053/meta.2000.7717","title":"Induction of insulin resistance in human skeletal muscle cells by downregulation of glycogen synthase protein expression","display_name":"Induction of insulin resistance in human skeletal muscle cells by downregulation of glycogen synthase protein expression","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2038588802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1053/meta.2000.7717","mag":"2038588802","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10954011"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1053/meta.2000.7717","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1053/meta.2000.7717","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1053/meta.2000.7717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119661813","display_name":"Metabolism","issn_l":"0026-0495","issn":["0026-0495","1532-8600"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Metabolism","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100749351","display_name":"Kenneth S. Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3017-0022","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3017-0022"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099595","display_name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/00znqwq11","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210099595","https://openalex.org/I4210138663"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.S. Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA 92161, USA","From the Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego: and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA 92161, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099595"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego: and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4210099595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035596638","display_name":"Theodore P. Ciaraldi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8609-3847","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8609-3847"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099595","display_name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/00znqwq11","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210099595","https://openalex.org/I4210138663"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.P. Ciaraldi","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego: and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego: and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4210099595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000216866","display_name":"L. Carter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099595","display_name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/00znqwq11","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210099595","https://openalex.org/I4210138663"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Carter","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego: and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego: and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4210099595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089649262","display_name":"Sunder Raj D. Mudaliar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4441-8508","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4441-8508"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099595","display_name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/00znqwq11","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210099595","https://openalex.org/I4210138663"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Mudaliar","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego: and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego: and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4210099595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040969751","display_name":"Svetlana E. Nikoulina","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099595","display_name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/00znqwq11","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210099595","https://openalex.org/I4210138663"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.E. Nikoulina","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego: and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego: and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4210099595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010031854","display_name":"Nicholas J. G. Webster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3827-5750","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3827-5750"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099595","display_name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/00znqwq11","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210099595","https://openalex.org/I4210138663"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N.J.G Webster","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego: and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego: and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4210099595"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045462483","display_name":"Robert R. Henry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4821-0117","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4821-0117"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099595","display_name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/00znqwq11","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210099595","https://openalex.org/I4210138663"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.R. Henry","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego: and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego: and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4210099595"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5340,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5340},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2986,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48948712,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"8","first_page":"962","last_page":"968"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11339","display_name":"Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11339","display_name":"Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10027","display_name":"Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12604","display_name":"Glycogen Storage Diseases and Myoclonus","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1303","display_name":"Biochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycogen-synthase","display_name":"glycogen synthase","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-resistance","display_name":"insulin resistance","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skeletal-muscle","display_name":"skeletal muscle","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antisense-oligonucleotides","display_name":"antisense oligonucleotides","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-signaling","display_name":"insulin signaling","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucose-uptake","display_name":"glucose uptake","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycogen-synthesis","display_name":"glycogen synthesis","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucose-6-phosphate","display_name":"glucose-6-phosphate","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonoxidative-glucose-disposal","display_name":"nonoxidative glucose disposal","score":0.7179999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.7986303567886353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.7767025232315063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779959927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048687","display_name":"Skeletal muscle","level":2,"score":0.773113489151001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192118531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86360001","display_name":"Glycogen synthase","level":3,"score":0.7640483379364014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.7025290727615356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777391703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053470","display_name":"Insulin resistance","level":3,"score":0.6633350849151611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777499176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174936","display_name":"Glycogen","level":2,"score":0.6629812121391296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127561419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224527","display_name":"Downregulation and upregulation","level":3,"score":0.6012821793556213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5420118570327759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.18580371141433716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.1716192066669464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16968277096748352}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005947","descriptor_name":"Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006003","descriptor_name":"Glycogen","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006003","descriptor_name":"Glycogen","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006006","descriptor_name":"Glycogen Synthase","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006006","descriptor_name":"Glycogen Synthase","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006006","descriptor_name":"Glycogen Synthase","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007333","descriptor_name":"Insulin Resistance","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007333","descriptor_name":"Insulin Resistance","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009004","descriptor_name":"Monosaccharide Transport Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009124","descriptor_name":"Muscle Proteins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010714","descriptor_name":"Phosphatidylethanolamines","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012333","descriptor_name":"RNA, Messenger","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015536","descriptor_name":"Down-Regulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015971","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018528","descriptor_name":"ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020320","descriptor_name":"Oligoribonucleotides, Antisense","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020320","descriptor_name":"Oligoribonucleotides, Antisense","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020868","descriptor_name":"Gene Silencing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D027322","descriptor_name":"Amino Acid Transport System X-AG","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D046508","descriptor_name":"Culture Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051275","descriptor_name":"Glucose Transporter Type 4","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1053/meta.2000.7717","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1053/meta.2000.7717","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1053/meta.2000.7717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119661813","display_name":"Metabolism","issn_l":"0026-0495","issn":["0026-0495","1532-8600"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Metabolism","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10954011","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10954011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Metabolism: clinical and experimental","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8371999859809875}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8878637015","display_name":"General Clinical Research Center","funder_award_id":"M01RR000827","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","display_name":"National Center for Research Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2156330328","https://openalex.org/W2061461754","https://openalex.org/W1968530067","https://openalex.org/W2047622454","https://openalex.org/W2098017074","https://openalex.org/W2103143313","https://openalex.org/W2056824390","https://openalex.org/W2201160881","https://openalex.org/W2149397303","https://openalex.org/W2078066703"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
