{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2038308702","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1973.20-375","title":"SUPPRESSION OF OPERANT BEHAVIOR AND SCHEDULE\u2010INDUCED LICKING IN RATS1","display_name":"SUPPRESSION OF OPERANT BEHAVIOR AND SCHEDULE\u2010INDUCED LICKING IN RATS1","publication_year":1973,"publication_date":"1973-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2038308702","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1973.20-375","mag":"2038308702","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4759059","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1334161"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1901/jeab.1973.20-375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1973.20-375","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1973.20-375","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.1973.20-375","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168850678","display_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","issn_l":"0022-5002","issn":["0022-5002","1938-3711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.1973.20-375","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050130918","display_name":"Nigel W. Bond","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N. W. Bond","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM AND UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM, U. K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM AND UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM, U. K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535","https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065263350","display_name":"Derek E. Blackman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4292-4888","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4292-4888"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. E. Blackman","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM AND UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM, U. K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM AND UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM, U. K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535","https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036862090","display_name":"Pamela Scruton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pamela Scruton","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM AND UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM, U. K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM AND UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM, U. K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535","https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050130918"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535","https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9059,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89630717,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"3","first_page":"375","last_page":"383"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.9243000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.9243000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.0502999983727932,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.007000000216066837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjunctive-behavior","display_name":"adjunctive behavior","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/punishment","display_name":"punishment","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shock","display_name":"shock","score":0.43299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fixed-interval-schedules","display_name":"fixed-interval schedules","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-interval-schedules","display_name":"variable-interval schedules","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polydipsia","display_name":"polydipsia","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lever-pressing","display_name":"lever pressing","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shock-intensity","display_name":"shock intensity","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rats","display_name":"rats","score":0.6389999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780723003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2917928","display_name":"Licking","level":2,"score":0.9319828748703003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163270606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847079","display_name":"Operant conditioning","level":3,"score":0.8752713203430176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.5304232239723206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4733279347419739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988419192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7155","display_name":"Animal behavior","level":2,"score":0.4301036596298218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.355069637298584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.24775594472885132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16461282968521118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.1628715991973877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1483251452445984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.09892383217811584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.0901554524898529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07723128795623779}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000161","descriptor_name":"Acoustic Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001522","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003216","descriptor_name":"Conditioning, Operant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004326","descriptor_name":"Drinking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004597","descriptor_name":"Electroshock","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005247","descriptor_name":"Feeding Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005508","descriptor_name":"Food Deprivation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011678","descriptor_name":"Punishment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012055","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement Schedule","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1901/jeab.1973.20-375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1973.20-375","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1973.20-375","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.1973.20-375","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168850678","display_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","issn_l":"0022-5002","issn":["0022-5002","1938-3711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:435426","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1334161","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1334161","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1334161","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Exp Anal Behav","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:4759059","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4759059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1901/jeab.1973.20-375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1973.20-375","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1973.20-375","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.1973.20-375","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168850678","display_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","issn_l":"0022-5002","issn":["0022-5002","1938-3711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2038308702.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2038308702.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1603790047","https://openalex.org/W1966002892","https://openalex.org/W2004522894","https://openalex.org/W2022106712","https://openalex.org/W2023241686","https://openalex.org/W2035272634","https://openalex.org/W2037678922","https://openalex.org/W2038191735","https://openalex.org/W2038989186","https://openalex.org/W2048877527","https://openalex.org/W2050903423","https://openalex.org/W2069554862","https://openalex.org/W2069749400","https://openalex.org/W2072720623","https://openalex.org/W2091144676","https://openalex.org/W2099414408","https://openalex.org/W2099873210","https://openalex.org/W2106907483","https://openalex.org/W2108910399","https://openalex.org/W2124824426","https://openalex.org/W2139420917","https://openalex.org/W2313207062","https://openalex.org/W2914890764"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050237774","https://openalex.org/W1983557734","https://openalex.org/W2008921502","https://openalex.org/W2057981337","https://openalex.org/W2090431101","https://openalex.org/W2103999634","https://openalex.org/W2169636607","https://openalex.org/W2032107479","https://openalex.org/W1966054390","https://openalex.org/W2044486231"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"first":[1],"experiment":[2],"studied":[3],"the":[4,22,59,68,76],"effects":[5],"of":[6,17,86],"punishment":[7],"on":[8,21],"rats'":[9,77],"lever":[10,36,42,48,78,96,123,156],"pressing":[11,37,43,49,79,97,124],"maintained":[12,81],"by":[13,30,46,82,151],"a":[14,73,83,104,113],"fixed-interval":[15],"schedule":[16,85],"food":[18,87],"reinforcement":[19,88],"and":[20,98,125],"associated":[23],"schedule-induced":[24,139],"licking.":[25],"When":[26,41],"licking":[27,32,53,92,99,126],"was":[28,33,38,44,50,54,80],"followed":[29,45],"shock,":[31,47],"suppressed":[34,51,102,120,150],"but":[35,52],"largely":[39],"unaffected.":[40,55],"In":[56,72],"both":[57,117],"cases,":[58],"punished":[60],"behavior":[61],"recovered":[62,127],"its":[63],"previous":[64,129],"unpunished":[65],"level":[66],"when":[67,131],"shocks":[69,132],"were":[70,100,119,133],"discontinued.":[71,134],"second":[74],"experiment,":[75],"variable-interval":[84],"under":[89],"which":[90,141],"polydipsic":[91],"also":[93],"developed.":[94],"Both":[95,122],"partially":[101],"during":[103],"stimulus":[105],"correlated":[106],"with":[107],"occasional":[108],"unavoidable":[109],"electric":[110],"shocks.":[111],"With":[112],"higher":[114],"shock":[115],"intensity,":[116],"behaviors":[118],"further.":[121],"their":[128],"levels":[130],"These":[135],"results":[136],"show":[137],"that":[138,153],"licking,":[140],"has":[142],"been":[143],"described":[144],"as":[145],"adjunctive":[146],"behavior,":[147],"can":[148],"be":[149],"procedures":[152],"suppress":[154],"reinforced":[155],"pressing,":[157],"an":[158],"operant":[159],"behavior.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
