{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2038285141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400060021x","title":"Sewage Sludge and Heavy Metal Effects on Nodulation and Nitrogen Fixation of Legumes","display_name":"Sewage Sludge and Heavy Metal Effects on Nodulation and Nitrogen Fixation of Legumes","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2038285141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400060021x","mag":"2038285141"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400060021x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400060021x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400060021x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81083566","display_name":"Journal of Environmental Quality","issn_l":"0047-2425","issn":["0047-2425","1537-2537"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Environmental Quality","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041981829","display_name":"Abasiofiok Mark Ibekwe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3352-759X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3352-759X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. M. Ibekwe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Chemistry Lab., USDA\u2010ARS Beltsville MD 20705"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Chemistry Lab., USDA\u2010ARS Beltsville MD 20705","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103525779","display_name":"J. S. Angle","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. S. Angle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Chemistry Lab., USDA\u2010ARS Beltsville MD 20705"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Chemistry Lab., USDA\u2010ARS Beltsville MD 20705","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084857922","display_name":"Rufus L. Chaney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6957-5345","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6957-5345","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5583-4120"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. L. Chaney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Chemistry Lab., USDA\u2010ARS Beltsville MD 20705"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Chemistry Lab., USDA\u2010ARS Beltsville MD 20705","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041683165","display_name":"Peter van Berkum","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125976","display_name":"Beltsville Agricultural Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03b08sh51","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I4210125976","https://openalex.org/I4210138094"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. van Berkum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soybean and Alfalfa Res. Lab., USDA\u2010ARS Beltsville MD 20705"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soybean and Alfalfa Res. Lab., USDA\u2010ARS Beltsville MD 20705","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I4210125976"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103525779"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531"],"apc_list":{"value":1910,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1910},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3751,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":78,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86108422,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"6","first_page":"1199","last_page":"1204"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10139","display_name":"Heavy metals in environment","score":0.5210000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10139","display_name":"Heavy metals in environment","score":0.5210000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11470","display_name":"Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis","score":0.1776999980211258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11781","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","score":0.11289999634027481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sewage-sludge","display_name":"sewage sludge","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heavy-metals","display_name":"heavy metals","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rhizobia","display_name":"rhizobia","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nodulation","display_name":"nodulation","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-fixation","display_name":"nitrogen fixation","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fabaceae","display_name":"Fabaceae","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alfalfa","display_name":"alfalfa","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-clover","display_name":"white clover","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-clover","display_name":"red clover","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-ph","display_name":"soil pH","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytotoxicity","display_name":"phytotoxicity","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metal-uptake","display_name":"metal uptake","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-fertilization","display_name":"nitrogen fertilization","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbiosis","display_name":"symbiosis","score":0.5210000276565552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.6928865909576416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21410773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220869","display_name":"Shoot","level":2,"score":0.6845888495445251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777732983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148675","display_name":"Trifolium repens","level":2,"score":0.6493467092514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780859252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11888968","display_name":"Sewage sludge","level":3,"score":0.5809950232505798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181440489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272467","display_name":"Nitrogen fixation","level":3,"score":0.5753328800201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5547281503677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780858201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3774857","display_name":"Phytotoxicity","level":2,"score":0.5034396052360535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780434414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830142","display_name":"Rhizobium","level":3,"score":0.46384504437446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.45287877321243286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992847057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156106","display_name":"Medicago sativa","level":2,"score":0.4458231031894684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.43879812955856323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198072978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q565649","display_name":"Soil pH","level":3,"score":0.4353228807449341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776632002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145909","display_name":"Legume","level":2,"score":0.42875397205352783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83323","display_name":"Fertilizer","level":2,"score":0.4261716306209564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58790150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10966166","display_name":"Sewage","level":2,"score":0.28082799911499023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180032290","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1664296","display_name":"Inoculation","level":2,"score":0.27681100368499756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.2670111656188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.25541746616363525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.17987215518951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.08424246311187744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400060021x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400060021x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400060021x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81083566","display_name":"Journal of Environmental Quality","issn_l":"0047-2425","issn":["0047-2425","1537-2537"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Environmental Quality","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.6735000014305115},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":0.4390000104904175}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2163062853","https://openalex.org/W2002512460","https://openalex.org/W1972720056","https://openalex.org/W2078406068","https://openalex.org/W649623047","https://openalex.org/W3034437507","https://openalex.org/W2058133860","https://openalex.org/W1966351644","https://openalex.org/W1970046170","https://openalex.org/W2033335453"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Effects":[1],"of":[2,14,70,100,161,199],"sludge\u2010borne":[3],"heavy":[4,184],"metals":[5,101,185],"on":[6,197],"plant":[7],"growth,":[8],"nodulation,":[9],"and":[10,24,49,56,64,82,94,150,188],"nitrogen":[11],"(N2)":[12],"fixation":[13],"alfalfa":[15],"(Medicago":[16],"sativa":[17],"L.),":[18,23],"white":[19],"clover":[20,26],"(Trifolium":[21,27],"repens":[22],"red":[25],"pratense":[28],"L.)":[29],"were":[30,33,52,66,128],"examined.":[31,202],"Plants":[32,157],"grown":[34],"in":[35,38,54,105,119,131,147,186,192],"the":[36,71,80,88,106,125,180,189,200],"greenhouse":[37],"pots":[39,81],"containing":[40],"soil":[41,60],"(Typic":[42],"Paleudults)":[43],"obtained":[44],"from":[45,163],"plots":[46],"where":[47,137,165],"heat\u2010treated":[48],"Nu\u2010Earth":[50],"sludges":[51],"applied":[53,77,168],"1976":[55],"1978,":[57],"respectively.":[58],"Two":[59],"pH":[61,93,109,122,133,138,173],"regimes":[62],"(low":[63],"high)":[65],"examined":[67],"for":[68],"each":[69,83],"treatments.":[72,134],"Nitrogen":[73],"fertilizer":[74],"(NH4NO3)":[75],"was":[76,85,112,139,143,167,174],"to":[78],"one\u2010half":[79],"legume":[84],"inoculated":[86],"with":[87,102,154],"appropriate":[89],"Rhizobium":[90],"culture.":[91],"Soil":[92],"sludge":[95,155,166],"type":[96],"significantly":[97],"affected":[98],"uptake":[99],"phytotoxicity":[103],"observed":[104],"Nu\u2010Earth,":[107],"low":[108,121,132],"soil.":[110],"Nodulation":[111],"reduced,":[113],"but":[114],"not":[115],"always":[116],"completely":[117],"eliminated":[118],"all":[120],"treatments,":[123],"including":[124],"controls.":[126],"Symbioses":[127],"generally":[129],"ineffective":[130],"In":[135],"soils":[136],"above":[140],"6.0,":[141],"there":[142],"a":[144],"significant":[145,159],"increase":[146],"shoot":[148,152],"weight":[149],"total":[151],"N":[153,162],"addition.":[156],"derived":[158],"quantities":[160],"soil,":[164,187],"many":[169],"years":[170],"ago.":[171],"When":[172],"maintained":[175],"at":[176],"6.0":[177],"or":[178],"higher":[179],"results":[181],"show":[182],"that":[183],"resulting":[190],"concentration":[191],"plants,":[193],"had":[194],"no":[195],"effect":[196],"any":[198],"parameters":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
