{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2037062053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009763","title":"Black-White Differences in Disability and Morbidity in the Last Years of Life","display_name":"Black-White Differences in Disability and Morbidity in the Last Years of Life","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-06-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2037062053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009763","mag":"2037062053","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10369503"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009763","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170967050","display_name":"American Journal of Epidemiology","issn_l":"0002-9262","issn":["0002-9262","1476-6256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113346628","display_name":"Yuexia Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7735-1260","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7735-1260"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304196042","display_name":"Loyola University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05xcyt367","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304196042","https://openalex.org/I1304269903"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","display_name":"Loyola University Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6x2g63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159390","display_name":"Loyola Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/04azs9g49","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159390"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA","Department of Preventive Medicine & Epidemiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304196042","https://openalex.org/I1925986","https://openalex.org/I4210159390"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Preventive Medicine & Epidemiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304196042","https://openalex.org/I1925986","https://openalex.org/I4210159390"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109849417","display_name":"Daniel McGee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304196042","display_name":"Loyola University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05xcyt367","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304196042","https://openalex.org/I1304269903"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","display_name":"Loyola University Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6x2g63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159390","display_name":"Loyola Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/04azs9g49","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159390"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. L. McGee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine Maywood, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine Maywood, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304196042","https://openalex.org/I1925986","https://openalex.org/I4210159390"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072964389","display_name":"Guangwen Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8094-1278","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8094-1278"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304196042","display_name":"Loyola University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05xcyt367","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304196042","https://openalex.org/I1304269903"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","display_name":"Loyola University Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6x2g63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159390","display_name":"Loyola Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/04azs9g49","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159390"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine Maywood, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine Maywood, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304196042","https://openalex.org/I1925986","https://openalex.org/I4210159390"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063376287","display_name":"Richard Cooper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3037-7779","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3037-7779"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304196042","display_name":"Loyola University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05xcyt367","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304196042","https://openalex.org/I1304269903"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","display_name":"Loyola University Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6x2g63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159390","display_name":"Loyola Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/04azs9g49","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159390"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. S. Cooper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine Maywood, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine Maywood, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304196042","https://openalex.org/I1925986","https://openalex.org/I4210159390"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4856,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4856},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0331,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":51,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79831604,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"149","issue":"12","first_page":"1097","last_page":"1103"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12811","display_name":"Aging, Health, and Disability","score":0.010400000028312206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12246","display_name":"Chronic Disease Management Strategies","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-disparities","display_name":"racial disparities","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-white-disparities","display_name":"black-white disparities","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disability","display_name":"disability","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morbidity","display_name":"morbidity","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-of-life-care","display_name":"end-of-life care","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-disease","display_name":"chronic disease","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalization","display_name":"hospitalization","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-life","display_name":"quality of life","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality","display_name":"mortality","score":0.4580000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8231453895568848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.7163412570953369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780128664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6973004","display_name":"National Health Interview Survey","level":3,"score":0.6721991300582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779297142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276412","display_name":"Educational attainment","level":2,"score":0.6269594430923462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.6028087139129639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.5221738815307617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992814624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817393","display_name":"Black male","level":2,"score":0.5081543922424316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56273599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3122841","display_name":"White (mutation)","level":3,"score":0.5045093297958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.4996809959411621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781222467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338460","display_name":"Negroid","level":3,"score":0.45465871691703796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.19084975123405457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.12464717030525208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000203","descriptor_name":"Activities of Daily Living","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001741","descriptor_name":"Black or African American","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004522","descriptor_name":"Educational Status","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006233","descriptor_name":"Persons with Disabilities","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006306","descriptor_name":"Health Surveys","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007902","descriptor_name":"Length of Stay","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009819","descriptor_name":"Office Visits","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012959","descriptor_name":"Socioeconomic Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044465","descriptor_name":"White People","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009763","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170967050","display_name":"American Journal of Epidemiology","issn_l":"0002-9262","issn":["0002-9262","1476-6256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10369503","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10369503","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American journal of epidemiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.546.7604","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.546.7604","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/149/12/1097.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.lsu.edu:animalsciences_pubs-2958","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.lsu.edu/animalsciences_pubs/1959","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169993","display_name":"Civil War Book Review","issn_l":"1528-6592","issn":["1528-6592"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315936","host_organization_name":"Louisiana State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315936"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Louisiana State University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9629999995231628,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1163728093","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U83/CCU512480","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","funder_display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332162","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service","ror":"https://ror.org/05xf94514"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W599414222","https://openalex.org/W1604201473","https://openalex.org/W1607537151","https://openalex.org/W1821410421","https://openalex.org/W1887820262","https://openalex.org/W1963895441","https://openalex.org/W1984902067","https://openalex.org/W1986965493","https://openalex.org/W1991777221","https://openalex.org/W1998204635","https://openalex.org/W2006651132","https://openalex.org/W2007606103","https://openalex.org/W2010087945","https://openalex.org/W2023861378","https://openalex.org/W2033092497","https://openalex.org/W2034240394","https://openalex.org/W2034387404","https://openalex.org/W2043606613","https://openalex.org/W2043626924","https://openalex.org/W2051481443","https://openalex.org/W2054164550","https://openalex.org/W2057183324","https://openalex.org/W2058751771","https://openalex.org/W2064422317","https://openalex.org/W2065640203","https://openalex.org/W2073471108","https://openalex.org/W2078570113","https://openalex.org/W2095906847","https://openalex.org/W2118338428","https://openalex.org/W2124946302","https://openalex.org/W2220135569","https://openalex.org/W2313126154","https://openalex.org/W2318190694","https://openalex.org/W2325851086","https://openalex.org/W2468052951","https://openalex.org/W2593363828"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7100030742","https://openalex.org/W4288067895","https://openalex.org/W2047631683","https://openalex.org/W2314506875","https://openalex.org/W2396283105","https://openalex.org/W2040164629","https://openalex.org/W1529623767","https://openalex.org/W2771501689","https://openalex.org/W2601912319","https://openalex.org/W2010087945"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"assess":[1],"black-white":[2,116,178],"differences":[3],"in":[4,8,118],"disability":[5],"and":[6,46,70,85,103,129,150,172],"morbidity":[7,99,169],"the":[9,14,19,77,80,115,177],"last":[10,157],"years":[11,45,50,161],"of":[12,58,61,65,72,120,153,162,176],"life,":[13],"authors":[15],"analyzed":[16],"data":[17],"from":[18,24,137],"National":[20],"Health":[21],"Interview":[22],"Survey":[23],"1986":[25],"to":[26],"1994,":[27],"with":[28,92,101,168],"mortality":[29],"follow-up":[30],"through":[31,155],"December":[32],"1995.":[33],"A":[34],"baseline":[35],"household":[36],"interview":[37],"was":[38,89,106,166],"conducted":[39],"for":[40,112,174],"10,187":[41],"decedents":[42,96,146],"aged":[43],"50":[44],"over":[47],"within":[48],"2":[49],"before":[51,170],"death.":[52],"Data":[53],"collected":[54],"included":[55],"long-term":[56],"limitation":[57,119],"activity,":[59],"number":[60,64],"chronic":[62],"conditions,":[63],"bed":[66,125],"days,":[67],"doctor":[68],"visits,":[69],"days":[71,126,132],"short":[73],"hospital":[74,130],"stay":[75,131],"during":[76],"year":[78],"preceding":[79],"interview.":[81],"For":[82],"both":[83],"blacks":[84],"whites,":[86,102],"educational":[87,109],"attainment":[88,165],"inversely":[90],"associated":[91,167],"disability/morbidity":[93,149],"indices.":[94],"Black":[95],"had":[97],"greater":[98,148],"compared":[100],"this":[104],"difference":[105,117],"consistent":[107],"across":[108],"levels.":[110],"Adjustment":[111],"education":[113],"reduced":[114],"activity":[121],"score":[122],"by":[123,127,133],"32%,":[124],"59%,":[128],"40%.":[134],"This":[135],"study":[136],"a":[138],"national":[139],"representative":[140],"US":[141],"sample":[142],"indicates":[143],"that":[144],"black":[145],"experienced":[147],"worse":[151],"quality":[152],"life":[154],"their":[156],"few":[158],"months":[159],"or":[160],"life.":[163],"Educational":[164],"death":[171],"accounted":[173],"much":[175],"difference.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}