{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2036883197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.668009","title":"The generalized SEA to UXO discrimination in geophysical environments producing EMI response","display_name":"The generalized SEA to UXO discrimination in geophysical environments producing EMI response","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-05-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2036883197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.668009","mag":"2036883197"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.668009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.668009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.668009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049793480","display_name":"Fridon Shubitidze","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9674-4810","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9674-4810"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Shubitidze","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051918495","display_name":"Benjamin E. Barrowes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4316-6564","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4316-6564"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800251061","display_name":"Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05wk0m864","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1306490931","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2800251061","https://openalex.org/I87303767"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088792","display_name":"United States Army","ror":"https://ror.org/00afsp483","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87303767","display_name":"U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center","ror":"https://ror.org/027mhn368","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1306490931","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I87303767"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. E. Barrowes","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Army ERDC Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Army ERDC Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800251061","https://openalex.org/I4210088792","https://openalex.org/I87303767"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111044342","display_name":"K. O\u2019Neill","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800251061","display_name":"Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05wk0m864","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1306490931","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2800251061","https://openalex.org/I87303767"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088792","display_name":"United States Army","ror":"https://ror.org/00afsp483","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87303767","display_name":"U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center","ror":"https://ror.org/027mhn368","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1306490931","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I87303767"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. O'Neill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College (United States)","U.S. Army ERDC Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Army ERDC Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800251061","https://openalex.org/I4210088792","https://openalex.org/I87303767"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087917111","display_name":"Irma Shamatava","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Shamatava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"J. P. Fern\u00e1ndez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. P. Fern\u00e1ndez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109684402","display_name":"K. Sun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016359425","display_name":"Keith D. Paulsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6692-3196","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6692-3196"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. D. Paulsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7456,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62272807,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"6217","issue":null,"first_page":"621707","last_page":"621707"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9282000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9282000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10572","display_name":"Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods","score":0.03269999846816063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.018300000578165054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uxo-discrimination","display_name":"UXO discrimination","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-induction","display_name":"electromagnetic induction","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-modeling","display_name":"forward modeling","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-dipole","display_name":"magnetic dipole","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-s-function","display_name":"Green's function","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-dependent-magnetic-susceptibility","display_name":"frequency-dependent susceptibility","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buried-objects","display_name":"buried objects","score":0.5529999732971191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43461449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2495531","display_name":"EMI","level":3,"score":0.8999460339546204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184892835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474513","display_name":"Electromagnetic interference","level":2,"score":0.6896228790283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.5543934106826782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.5487785935401917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169852918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q390314","display_name":"Magnetic dipole","level":3,"score":0.5157639980316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.49674469232559204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4932531714439392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8590192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054694","display_name":"Frequency response","level":2,"score":0.48899519443511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.4510863423347473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102130693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q988780","display_name":"Electromagnetic induction","level":3,"score":0.44127771258354187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173523689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215589","display_name":"Dipole","level":2,"score":0.43698662519454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42779096961021423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.39240211248397827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.3790696859359741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.3277214765548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19522687792778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.18711122870445251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.142989844083786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30403606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2981904","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.668009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.668009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.668009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333449","display_name":"Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program","ror":"https://ror.org/00ew61678"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W267376020","https://openalex.org/W1972433422","https://openalex.org/W1981699795","https://openalex.org/W1989405861","https://openalex.org/W1990312247","https://openalex.org/W2020677768","https://openalex.org/W2025901505","https://openalex.org/W2053513171","https://openalex.org/W2060647575","https://openalex.org/W2072051626","https://openalex.org/W2076128990","https://openalex.org/W2077673802","https://openalex.org/W2084375689","https://openalex.org/W2104402234","https://openalex.org/W2107699276","https://openalex.org/W2116329950","https://openalex.org/W2122539338","https://openalex.org/W2135338311","https://openalex.org/W2146332736","https://openalex.org/W2147959642","https://openalex.org/W2157404636","https://openalex.org/W2157445444","https://openalex.org/W2305012139","https://openalex.org/W2325655952","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057520815","https://openalex.org/W2086493153","https://openalex.org/W1989405861","https://openalex.org/W1994944697","https://openalex.org/W2047787295","https://openalex.org/W2006747561","https://openalex.org/W2148464091","https://openalex.org/W324023144","https://openalex.org/W2031429271","https://openalex.org/W2116329950"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,16,62,188,202],"generalized":[1],"standardized":[2],"excitation":[3],"approach":[4,176],"(GSEA)":[5],"is":[6,18,75,101,112,173,200,221],"presented":[7],"to":[8,38],"enhance":[9],"UXO":[10,219],"discrimination":[11],"under":[12],"realistic":[13],"field":[14],"conditions.":[15],"GSEA":[17,172],"a":[19,88,174,192,196,224],"fast,":[20],"numerical,":[21],"forward":[22],"model":[23,215],"for":[24,55,114,177,185,213],"representing":[25],"an":[26,85,217],"object's":[27],"EMI":[28,144,183,189,203],"responses":[29,204],"over":[30],"the":[31,50,81,95,105,110,171,214],"entire":[32],"frequency":[33,51,91],"band":[34],"from":[35,191],"near":[36],"DC":[37],"100s":[39],"of":[40,69,77,141,156,216],"kHz.":[41],"It":[42],"has":[43,195],"been":[44],"developed":[45],"and":[46,52,121,143,159,166,181,208],"tested":[47],"in":[48,59,205,223],"both":[49,179,206],"time":[53,97],"domains":[54,210],"actual":[56,186,218],"UXOs":[57],"placed":[58],"free":[60],"space.":[61,228],"GSEA,":[63],"which":[64],"uses":[65],"magnetic":[66,70,133,142,198],"dipoles":[67],"instead":[68],"charges":[71],"as":[72],"responding":[73],"sources,":[74],"capable":[76],"taking":[78],"into":[79,151],"account":[80,152],"background":[82],"medium":[83],"surrounding":[84],"object.":[86],"Given":[87],"modeled":[89],"UWB":[90],"domain":[92,98],"(FD)":[93],"response,":[94],"corresponding":[96],"(TD)":[99],"response":[100,190],"easily":[102],"obtained":[103],"by":[104],"inverse":[106],"Fourier":[107],"transform.":[108],"Thus":[109],"technique":[111],"applicable":[113],"any":[115,139],"FD":[116,182,207],"or":[117,131,134,138],"TD":[118,180,209],"sensor":[119],"configuration":[120],"can":[122],"treat":[123],"complex":[124],"data":[125,168],"sets:":[126],"novel":[127],"waveforms,":[128],"multi-axis,":[129],"vector,":[130],"tensor":[132],"electromagnetic":[135],"induction":[136],"data,":[137],"combination":[140],"data.":[145],"Host":[146],"media":[147],"effects":[148],"are":[149,211],"taken":[150],"via":[153],"appropriate":[154],"types":[155],"Green's":[157],"function":[158],"equivalent":[160],"dipole":[161],"sources.":[162],"Comparisons":[163],"between":[164],"simulations":[165],"experimental":[167],"illustrate":[169],"that":[170,194,220],"unified":[175],"reproducing":[178],"signals":[184],"UXOs.":[187],"soil":[193],"frequency-dependent":[197],"susceptibility":[199],"studied.":[201],"analyzed":[212],"buried":[222],"magnetically":[225],"susceptible":[226],"half":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}