{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2036286331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.760311811","title":"Reinforcing high density polyethylene with cellulosic fibers. I: The effect of additives on fiber dispersion and mechanical properties","display_name":"Reinforcing high density polyethylene with cellulosic fibers. I: The effect of additives on fiber dispersion and mechanical properties","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2036286331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.760311811","mag":"2036286331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/pen.760311811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.760311811","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.760311811","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114499311","display_name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","issn_l":"0032-3888","issn":["0032-3888","0096-8129","1548-2634"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymer Engineering & Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053190469","display_name":"Rishi Raj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8556-9797","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8556-9797"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. G. Raj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre de recherche en pa\u030ctes et papiers, Universite\u0301 de Que\u0301bec a\u0300 Trois-Rivie\u0300res, Trois-Rivie\u0300res, Que\u0301bec, Canada G9A 5H7","Centre de recherche en p\u01cetes et papiers, Universit\u00e9 de Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada G9A 5H7"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre de recherche en pa\u030ctes et papiers, Universite\u0301 de Que\u0301bec a\u0300 Trois-Rivie\u0300res, Trois-Rivie\u0300res, Que\u0301bec, Canada G9A 5H7","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre de recherche en p\u01cetes et papiers, Universit\u00e9 de Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada G9A 5H7","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111468121","display_name":"Bohuslav Vaclav Kokta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. V. Kokta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre de recherche en pa\u030ctes et papiers, Universite\u0301 de Que\u0301bec a\u0300 Trois-Rivie\u0300res, Trois-Rivie\u0300res, Que\u0301bec, Canada G9A 5H7","Centre de recherche en p\u01cetes et papiers, Universit\u00e9 de Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada G9A 5H7"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre de recherche en pa\u030ctes et papiers, Universite\u0301 de Que\u0301bec a\u0300 Trois-Rivie\u0300res, Trois-Rivie\u0300res, Que\u0301bec, Canada G9A 5H7","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre de recherche en p\u01cetes et papiers, Universit\u00e9 de Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada G9A 5H7","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"],"apc_list":{"value":4270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4270},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6601,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":85,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80525482,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"18","first_page":"1358","last_page":"1362"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10513","display_name":"Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10513","display_name":"Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10484","display_name":"Wood Treatment and Properties","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10610","display_name":"Advanced Cellulose Research Studies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-density-polyethylene","display_name":"high-density polyethylene","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wood-flour","display_name":"wood flour","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polymer-composites","display_name":"polymer composites","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-dispersion","display_name":"fiber dispersion","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stearic-acid","display_name":"stearic acid","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mineral-oil","display_name":"mineral oil","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-silicate","display_name":"sodium silicate","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tensile-strength","display_name":"tensile strength","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impact-strength","display_name":"impact strength","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tensile-modulus","display_name":"tensile modulus","score":0.878000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8908113241195679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112950240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76005","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","level":2,"score":0.8445210456848145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.7895539402961731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779516699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209685","display_name":"Stearic acid","level":2,"score":0.7588411569595337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779751980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143429","display_name":"Polyethylene","level":2,"score":0.7099602818489075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181748761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2641430","display_name":"High-density polyethylene","level":3,"score":0.6527132391929626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75841233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1863987","display_name":"Linear low-density polyethylene","level":3,"score":0.5560436248779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153033020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124695","display_name":"Wax","level":2,"score":0.4679737389087677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196029304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2091584","display_name":"Young's modulus","level":2,"score":0.46595484018325806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.4511057138442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519885992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161","display_name":"Fiber","level":2,"score":0.44650083780288696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177562468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182893","display_name":"Dispersion (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4462093114852905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102267420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120206","display_name":"Izod impact strength test","level":3,"score":0.44000113010406494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/pen.760311811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.760311811","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.760311811","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114499311","display_name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","issn_l":"0032-3888","issn":["0032-3888","0096-8129","1548-2634"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymer Engineering & Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483427138","https://openalex.org/W1968400239","https://openalex.org/W1969346451","https://openalex.org/W2019253579","https://openalex.org/W2068431320","https://openalex.org/W2079031925","https://openalex.org/W2480571560","https://openalex.org/W4243585886","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2090824708","https://openalex.org/W2381319383","https://openalex.org/W896289575","https://openalex.org/W2053943410","https://openalex.org/W1984187850","https://openalex.org/W1965815614","https://openalex.org/W2089726065","https://openalex.org/W2160493285","https://openalex.org/W2946147565","https://openalex.org/W4399974987"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"High":[1],"density":[2],"polyethylene":[3,22,52],"(HDPE)":[4],"was":[5,93],"reinforced":[6],"with":[7,61],"0\u201040":[8],"wt%":[9],"of":[10,33,40,43,50,76,83],"wood":[11],"flour":[12],"(aspen).":[13],"The":[14,38],"effects":[15],"of:":[16],"stearic":[17,91],"acid,":[18],"mineral":[19],"oil,":[20],"maleated":[21,51],"wax,":[23],"and":[24,30],"sodium":[25],"silicate":[26],"on":[27],"the":[28,34,44,48,62,68,77,84,87],"tensile":[29,41,59,69],"impact":[31],"strength":[32],"composite":[35],"were":[36],"studied.":[37],"comparison":[39],"properties":[42],"composites":[45,78],"showed":[46],"that":[47],"addition":[49],"wax":[53],"produced":[54],"a":[55,80],"significant":[56],"increase":[57,63],"in":[58,64,86],"strength,":[60],"filler":[65],"concentration,":[66],"while":[67],"modulus":[70],"remained":[71],"relatively":[72],"unaffected.":[73],"Microscopic":[74],"studies":[75],"indicate":[79],"better":[81],"dispersion":[82],"fibers":[85],"polymer":[88],"matrix":[89],"when":[90],"acid":[92],"used.":[94]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}