{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2036035646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(1985)111:3(268)","title":"Vehicle Pooling in Transit Operations","display_name":"Vehicle Pooling in Transit Operations","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2036035646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(1985)111:3(268)","mag":"2036035646"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(1985)111:3(268)","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(1985)111:3(268)","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(1985)111:3(268)","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194109","display_name":"Journal of Transportation Engineering","issn_l":"0733-947X","issn":["0733-947X","1943-5436"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Transportation Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050986177","display_name":"Peter G. Furth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9652-5463","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9652-5463"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter G. Furth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Asst. Prof., Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Northeastern Univ., Boston, Mass. 02115"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Asst. Prof., Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Northeastern Univ., Boston, Mass. 02115","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083412635","display_name":"Andrew Butler Nash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3774-7226","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3774-7226"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew B. Nash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Doctoral Candidate, Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of California, Berkeley, Calif"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Doctoral Candidate, Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of California, Berkeley, Calif","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.46970253,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"111","issue":"3","first_page":"268","last_page":"279"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.008700000122189522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule-adherence","display_name":"schedule adherence","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule-reliability","display_name":"schedule reliability","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interlining","display_name":"interlining","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timing-slack","display_name":"slack time","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bus-operations","display_name":"bus operations","score":0.39899998903274536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.919904351234436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157085824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2384809","display_name":"TRIPS architecture","level":2,"score":0.8271825313568115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.7361761331558228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.6275636553764343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777632111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1937518","display_name":"Reservation","level":2,"score":0.5651217699050903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5332267880439758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.5243323445320129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778022998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q651136","display_name":"Transit (satellite)","level":3,"score":0.4564902186393738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.3443659543991089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539828613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178512","display_name":"Public transport","level":2,"score":0.3426392078399658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2770403027534485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1768578290939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(1985)111:3(268)","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(1985)111:3(268)","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(1985)111:3(268)","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194109","display_name":"Journal of Transportation Engineering","issn_l":"0733-947X","issn":["0733-947X","1943-5436"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Transportation Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.7207000255584717}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2147237699"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3005586632","https://openalex.org/W2802789488","https://openalex.org/W4388584854","https://openalex.org/W2028295283","https://openalex.org/W2792748341","https://openalex.org/W7172446703","https://openalex.org/W2004596648","https://openalex.org/W2000670003","https://openalex.org/W2060882291","https://openalex.org/W2247731584"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"benefits":[1],"of":[2,39,77,103],"pooling":[3,118],"vehicles":[4,24,32],"among":[5,79],"routes":[6,105],"that":[7,44,116],"emanate":[8],"from":[9,107],"a":[10,47,58,61,68,101,108],"common":[11],"focus":[12],"terminal":[13,45,111],"are":[14,20,25],"examined.":[15],"In":[16],"this":[17],"strategy,":[18],"trips":[19,42],"still":[21],"scheduled,":[22],"but":[23],"not":[26],"assigned":[27],"to":[28,34,100],"specific":[29],"trips.":[30],"Instead,":[31],"belonging":[33],"the":[35,40,83,119,129],"pool":[36],"serve":[37],"all":[38],"round":[41],"leaving":[43],"in":[46,57],"first":[48],"in/first":[49],"out":[50],"sequence.":[51],"Pooling":[52,72],"improves":[53],"schedule":[54,94,133],"adherence,":[55],"since":[56],"pooled":[59],"system":[60],"bus":[62,69],"returning":[63,70],"early":[64],"can":[65],"\u201ccover\u201d":[66],"for":[67,85,92],"late.":[71],"also":[73],"facilitates":[74],"interlining":[75],"(sharing":[76],"buses":[78],"routes),":[80],"which":[81],"reduces":[82],"need":[84],"slack":[86],"time.":[87],"A":[88],"procedure":[89,97],"is":[90,98],"developed":[91],"estimating":[93],"reliability.":[95],"This":[96],"applied":[99],"set":[102],"8":[104],"emanating":[106],"Boston":[109],"area":[110],"where":[112],"it":[113],"was":[114],"found":[115],"with":[117],"fleet":[120],"size":[121],"could":[122],"be":[123],"reduced":[124],"by":[125],"11%":[126],"while":[127],"at":[128],"same":[130],"time":[131],"improving":[132],"adherence.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}